1、,American Economy,Industrial Revolution,Contents,Introduction of the factory system,“American system” of mass production,The application of new technologies to Industrial tasks,Emergence of new forms of business organization,Four developments,Samuel Slater Eli Whitney,Sewing machines, the telegraph,

2、 railroads, telephone.,in the 19th century, great importance to the economic future of the United States.,Overview of inventions and inventors,Cotton and Cloth, Interchangeable Parts, From Agriculture to Cities .,American industrial revolution,(1) transportation was expanded,(2) electricity was effe

3、ctively harnessed,The Industrial Revolution that occurred in the 19th century was of great importance to the economic future of the United States. Three industrial developments led the way to Industrialization in America:,(3) improvements were made to industrial processes.,Samuel Slater,an early Ame

4、rican industrialist,the Father of the American Factory System,brought British textile technology to America,Samuel Slater (17681835) popularly called The Father of the American Industrial revolution,Slater Mill,Eli Whitney,Career inventions,Interchangeable parts,Cotton gin,Milling machine,Cotton Gin

5、 Patent. It shows sawtooth gin blades, which were not part of Whitneys original patent,Improvements on a musket lock. Drawing by Eli Whitney, 1816,Cotton and Cloth,In 1794, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin which made the separation of cotton seeds from fiber much faster. The South increased its c

6、otton supply sending raw cotton north to be used in the manufacture of cloth. Francis C. Lowell increased the efficiency in the manufacture of cloth by bringing spinning and weaving processes together into one factory. This led to the development of the textile industry throughout New England. In 18

7、46, Elias Howe created the sewing machine which revolutionized the manufacture of clothing. All of a sudden, clothing began to be made in factories as opposed to at home.,Eli Whitney came up with the idea to use interchangeable parts in 1798 to make muskets(步槍). If standard parts were made by machin

8、e, then they could be assembled at the end much more quickly than before. This became an important part of American industry and the Second Industrial Revolution.,Interchangeable Parts,As industries and factories arose, people moved from farms to cities. This led to other issues including overcrowdi

9、ng and disease. However, advances were made in agriculture too including better machines and cultivators. For example, Cyrus McCormick created the reaper which allowed quicker and cheaper harvesting of grain. John Deere created the first steel plow in 1837 helping speed up farming across the Midwest

10、.,From Agriculture to Cities,Communication and the Industrial Revolution,With the increased size of the United States, better communication networks became ultra important. In 1844, Samuel F. B. Morse created the telegraph and by 1860, this network ranged throughout the eastern coast to the Mississi

11、ppi.,Transportation,The Cumberland Road, the first national road, was begun in 1811. This eventually became part of the Interstate 40. Further, river transportation was made efficient through the creation of the first steamboat, the Clermont, by Robert Fulton. This was made possible by James Watts i

12、nvention of the first reliable steam engine. The creation of the Erie Canal(伊利運(yùn)河） created a route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes thereby helping stimulate the economy of New York and making New York City a great trading center.,Railroads were of supreme importance to the increase in trad

13、e throughout the United States. In fact, by the start of the Civil War, railroads linked the most important Mid West cities with the Atlantic coast. Railroads further opened the west and connected raw materials to factories and markets. A transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869 at Promontory

14、, Utah. With the great advances of the Industrial Revolution, inventors continued to work throughout the rest of the 19th and early 20th century on ways to make life easier while increasing productivity. The foundations set throughout the mid-1800s set the stage for inventions such as the light bulb

15、 (Thomas Edison), telephone (Alexander Bell), and the automobile (Karl Benz). Further, Fords creation of the assembly line which made manufacturing more efficient just helped form America into a modern industrialized nation. The impact of these and other inventions of the time cannot be underestimat

16、ed,Top 10 Significant Industrial RevolutionInventors,1. Thomas Edison,2. Samuel F. B. Morse,3. Alexander Graham Bell,4. Elias Howe/Isaac Singer,5. Cyrus McCormick,6. George Eastman,The McCormick Reaper,7. Charles Goodyear,8. Nikola Tesla,9. George Westinghouse,10. Dr. Richard Gatling,特斯拉死光與無限遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸1億

17、伏電裝置,Westinghouse Early AC System 1887 (U.S. Patent 373,035),New inventions,Free Enterprise,The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is a stock exchange located at 11 Wall Street in lower Manhattan, New York City, USA. It is the worlds largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companie

18、s at US$28.5 trillion as of May 20083. Average daily trading value was approximately US$153 billion in 2008.,New York Stock Exchange in Wall Street,The NYSE is operated by NYSE Euronext, which was formed by the NYSEs 2007 merger with the fully electronic stock exchange Euronext. The NYSE trading floor is located at 11 Wall Street and is composed of four rooms used for the facilitation of trading. A fifth trading room, located at