1、The ing-form used as adverbial,1,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語有四種形式 1.一般形式，由動(dòng)詞原形ing構(gòu)成 2.完成形式，由having+過去分詞 3.進(jìn)行被動(dòng)式：由being過去分詞 4.完成被動(dòng)式：由having been過去分詞構(gòu)成 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式是在一般式和完成式的 前面加not (never),2,1.現(xiàn)在分詞何時(shí)用一般形式?,當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作是由主語發(fā)出，而且和謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，則用分詞的一般形式 He was ill and didnt attend the meeting. =Being ill, he didnt attend the meeting.,3,

2、如果分詞表示的是一個(gè)極短暫的動(dòng)作,這動(dòng)作一發(fā)生,謂語表示的動(dòng)作立即發(fā)生,也用分詞的一般形式. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.,4,2.現(xiàn)在分詞何時(shí)用完成形式？,當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作是由主語發(fā)出，而且發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前，則用分詞的完成形式 Having finished the class, she went home. =After she finished the class,5,3.現(xiàn)在分詞何時(shí)用進(jìn)行被動(dòng)式？,當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作由主語承受，而且分詞的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí) Being criticized by the employer, the

3、 new employee hung his head.,6,4.現(xiàn)在分詞何時(shí)用完成的被動(dòng)式？,當(dāng)分詞表示的動(dòng)作在謂語所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，且分詞表示的動(dòng)作由主語承受 Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.,7,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語相當(dāng)于狀語從句可表時(shí)間，原因，方式，伴隨情況，結(jié)果或條件等,8,(1)相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句,a. Being ill, she didnt g to school today. =As she is ill, b. Having seen the film ,he didnt go to the cinema

4、with them. =Because he had seen the film ,9,Turning around (=When she turned around), she saw an ambulance driving up.,（2）相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語從句,10,(3)表示行為方式，伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明等,The students went away, running and laughing.,11,(4)表示結(jié)果,a. The old man died, leaving nothing but debts. b. we hurried to school ,finding there

5、were no students in the school.,12,(5)表示條件,If playing all day ,you will waste your valuable time.,13,注意1：不是每個(gè)狀語從句都能用分詞替換 只有當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語時(shí)，才能用分詞替換,14,We are sitting here, making notes. make的動(dòng)作由主語我們發(fā)出 Being scolded by his mother, the boy hung his head. Scold 的動(dòng)作由the boy承受,15,注意2：如果分詞和句子沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，則不能

6、用單個(gè)的分詞作狀語，可以用分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或狀語從句,16,現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)為名詞或代詞分詞，名詞或代詞是分詞的邏輯主語 Time permitting, Ill call on you this Sunday. He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.,17,分詞作狀語時(shí),在少數(shù)情況下,其邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致,分詞用來修飾全句 Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province. =If we judge,18,Generally spea

7、king, every spy has a contact. Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.,19,1.The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 2.European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in t

8、he world. Making B. makes C. made D. to make,B,現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果狀語,A,現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語,高考鏈接,20,3. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily point D. and angrily pointing,A,現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語,21,4. _ a reply, he decided to write again. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,C,現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語，分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中否定詞通常放在現(xiàn)在分詞前面。,作原因狀語,22,1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally