1、賓 語 從 句,初中英語總復(fù)習(xí).語法,含 義,在復(fù)合句中作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。 She said that she missed us very much. Could you please tell me if the teacher will come to the party？ Please find out who broke the windows . I dont know where I can buy pencils.,連 接 詞: that,賓語從句是由陳述句變化而來的，通常用that引導(dǎo)。that只起引導(dǎo)功能，無具體意義，不擔(dān)任任何成分，因此在口語中或非正式文體中?？墒÷?/p>

2、。 Do you think that it will rain? We know (that) we should study hard.,1、由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其主句的謂語動(dòng)詞主要是think、hope，say、tell、know、see、hear、mean、feel、wish等；也可以是be 加afraid、sorry、sure、glad、happy、worried 等形容詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語。 2、主句謂語動(dòng)詞是表示“想，認(rèn)為”等意義的動(dòng)詞 ，如think,believe等，主句的主語是第一人稱（Iwe)且主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的否定一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。其反意疑問句一般與賓語從句一

3、致。,Attentions:,連 接 詞: whetherif,當(dāng)賓語從句由一般疑問句變來時(shí)，用連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”，表選擇。 I dont know ifwhether he can arrive in time. I asked him ifwhether he had finished all his homework.,只能用whether，不能用if 的情況,(1) 接帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式 I dont know whether to go to the cinema or not. (2) 與or not 連用 I cant say whether or no

4、t he will come on time. (3) 引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句 Im not interested in whether shell come on time. (4)賓語從句提前時(shí)只能用whether Whether they will join in the Winter Camp I dont care.,連 接 詞: 連接代詞或連接副詞,當(dāng)從句由特殊疑問句變來時(shí)，則用what、who、whom、whose、which等連接代詞或when 、where、how、why等連接副詞引導(dǎo)。他們?cè)诰渲谐洚?dāng)一定的句子成分，不能省略。 Please find out who broke

5、the windows as soon as possible. Will you show me how you worked out the math problem. Can you tell me why you are late for school?,Exercise：用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空,Please tell me _ I can learn Japanese well. Do you know _ your friend is so worried? Could you tell me _ the boys are going to do? I want to know _ th

6、ere is a bookstore here. The teacher didnt know _ Ma Fang was ill yesterday.,語 序,陳述句作賓語從句，仍然用原陳述語序，疑問句作賓語從句時(shí)，原來的倒裝語序要改為陳述語序，即“引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其他成分”。 Do you know when the plane will take off? I dont know who wants to borrow these magazines.,Exercise:將下列句子 合并成一句。,Who is that man? Could you please tell me? I

7、s she a teacher? Do you know? Where will we have a meeting? I want to know. I prefer being outside. John says. Does he spend much money on clothing? She dosent know.,時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問題,主句謂語動(dòng)詞如果是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞可用任何適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)。 I am sorry to hear that your mother is ill. 2.主句謂語動(dòng)詞如果是過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞一般要用與過去時(shí)態(tài)相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。 She didnt

8、 know that Tom had left . I only knew he was studying in Canada. Mary asked me if I would go shopping with her.,時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問題,3.當(dāng)賓語從句是表達(dá)客觀事實(shí)或規(guī)律的句子，其時(shí)態(tài)仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 Our physics teacher often told us that the earth goes around the sun.,Exercises:,1.-I wonder _ youll water this kind of tree. -Once a week. A.how of

9、ten B.how long C.how soon D.how much 2. Nobody knows _. A.how will our future look like B.what will our future be like C.how our future will look like D.what our future will look like,3. Linda told the policeman she _ for the bus at ten yesterday morning. A.waited B.was waiting C.has waited 4.Can yo

10、u tell me _? A.where does he come from B.how much is it C.what it is used for 5.-What did Paul say last night? -He said _ listening to the radio program-teen talk A.did he like B.that he liked C.if he likes D.what he liked,6.He is an unpleasant man.I dont understand_she married him. A.whether B.if C.why D.how 7.He told me that he _ a cold for three days. A.has B. had caught C. had had D.has had 8.I knew that the sun _ in the east when I was very young. A.will rise