1、,定語(yǔ)從句總結(jié),The Attributive Clause（Revision),1.定義、分類 及術(shù)語(yǔ),2.比較 關(guān)系詞,教學(xué)目標(biāo),3.區(qū)別 幾種句型,定義、分類及相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ),1.定語(yǔ)從句： 修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。,2.先行詞： 被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的成分叫先行詞。,That is the teacher who teaches us English. Those who want to go to the park are girls.,_ （名詞）,_（代詞）,that which who whom whose as,when where w

2、hy,關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個(gè)作用： A.引導(dǎo)從句；（連詞） B.代替先行詞；（代詞） C.在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。,The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. This is an attractive place where there is a famous fountain.,3. 定語(yǔ)從句分類及區(qū)別,限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 形式：限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間無(wú)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，可以緊挨著，也可以被幾個(gè)詞隔開（分隔式定語(yǔ)從句）； eg. There is a very interesting remar

3、k in a book by an American writer that I read recently. 而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句往往有逗號(hào)隔開。 意義：限定性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起修飾和限定作用，非限定性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充和說(shuō)明作用。 His wife who is eighty years old is still beautiful in his eyes. (Perhaps he has other wives.) His wife, who is eighty years old, is still beautiful in his eyes. (He has on

4、ly one wife.) 補(bǔ)充：專有名詞只能由非限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾。 eg. Beijing, which is the capital city of China, is a beautiful city.,1). a. The reason _he missed the speech is that he forgot the time. b. The reason_he gave us sounded reasonable. 2). a. Ill never forget the day _we spent together in Paris. b. Ill never forget

5、the day_we stayed together at that time.,why,(which/that),when,(which/that),關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別,3). a. Is this the factory_ we visited last year? b. Is this the house _Lincoln once lived? c. Is this house _we visited last year? A. whichB. whereC. the oneD. that,(which /that),where,解題點(diǎn)撥: 看引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么成分； 若

6、是作狀語(yǔ), 就用where, when, why等關(guān)系副詞； 若是作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom等。 若是作定語(yǔ)，就用whose.,C,介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,1.根據(jù)從句中的動(dòng)詞選擇介詞。 I dont know the foreigner with whom my teacher shook hands. I dont know the foreigner whom/ who my teacher shook hands with. 注意：介詞+which(指物)，介詞+whom(指人) 有的由動(dòng)詞+介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)是不能分開的，因?yàn)檫@些介詞存在于關(guān)系密切

7、的固定短語(yǔ)中如look after, look for, listen to等。 This is the pencil that Ma Lili is looking for.,2.根據(jù)先行詞來(lái)選擇介詞。(介詞和先行詞之間構(gòu)成習(xí)慣搭配，而和從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞沒多大系，此時(shí)介詞位于關(guān)系代詞之前。) He stood by the window, through which he could see what was happening outside.,3.介詞+關(guān)系代詞=關(guān)系副詞（when, why, where） This is the house in which/ where Chairman

8、 Mao once lived. Everyone knows the reason why/for which the high dam was built. 選擇定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞時(shí)，不能只看先行詞，重要的是看引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。,1).This is the reason _ _ he left his hometown. 2). Ill never forget the day _ _ we stayed together 3).This is the girl _ _I learned the news. 4). This is the girl _ is taken good

9、 care _ in the hospital. 5).Ill show you a store_ _ you may buy all that you need. 6).I dont like the way_ _ you laughed at her.,for which,/why,on which,/when,from whom,of,in which,/where,in which,/that,who,介詞與關(guān)系代詞,( ),Have a discussion,方法總結(jié),1.先行詞為人,關(guān)系代詞用介詞+whom; 先行詞為物,關(guān)系代詞用介詞+which; 2.固定的動(dòng)詞+介詞短語(yǔ),介詞

10、不能提前。 3.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換： where, when, why = 介詞 + which 4.先行詞是the way 時(shí),且從句中缺少方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that / in which或省略.,想一想,總結(jié):,As 和which,易混句型,討論與探究,“That”,as 與 which的區(qū)別,1).The meeting, _was held in the park, was a great success. 2). I will read as many books_are required. . 3). She has married again, _ was unexp

11、ected 4). _is known to us all, Taiwan is a part of China.,which,which,As,as,1. Which代替的先行詞可以是名詞，也可以是句子的一部分或整個(gè)句子；which從句不能放在句首;,2. as 一般代替整個(gè)句子, 從句則可以放句首, 句中或句尾, 表示“正如” ，或“像一樣” 。 例如：as is known, as everyone knows ,as is said, as often happens, as you can see, as it is;當(dāng)先行詞前有as, so, such, the same 修飾時(shí),

12、關(guān)系代詞常用as。 注意：so / suchas與so / suchthat eg. He is such a good teacher as everyone likes. He is such a good teacher that everyone likes him.,總結(jié):,區(qū)別the sameas 與 the same that,This is the same skirt as I bought yesterday. This is the same skirt that I bought yesterday.,1.當(dāng)先行詞是everything, anything, nothi

13、ng , all, none, few, little, some等代詞時(shí)，或當(dāng)先行詞受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時(shí)。,2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。,3.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。,4.當(dāng)先行詞被 the very, the only 修飾時(shí)。,5.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which 等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)。,6.當(dāng)先行詞為人與動(dòng)物或人與物時(shí)。,我的地盤?,That!,“that”,1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of _ were black with disease. b. I

14、 saw some trees, the leaves of _ were black with disease. 2). a. The professor is a little man, on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses b. The professor is a little man, and on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses,解題點(diǎn)撥 : 是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和并列句的關(guān)鍵。,them,whom,which,him,_,_,易混句型,1.定語(yǔ)從句與并列句,1). a. The n

15、ews _our volleyball team won the match made us excited. b. The news _he told me yesterday is exciting. 2). a. I made a promise _ if anyone set me free, I would make him very rich. b. The mother made a promise _ pleased all her children.,that,(that/which),that/which,that,解題點(diǎn)撥：that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)其先行詞的修飾或限制；

16、在句中作成份(作賓語(yǔ)省略),指物時(shí)可用which代替；而同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞的說(shuō)明和解釋。that在從句中僅起連接作用,不充當(dāng)成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。,.定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句,1) a. It is in this room _I lived last year. b. It is the room _I lived last year. 2) a. It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning. b. It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning.,解題點(diǎn)

17、撥：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成份+that/who+其它部分; 去掉 It is/was.that/who ,句子照樣成立;而定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在句中要作成份。,that,where,that,when,.定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,Find the mistakes and correct:,1.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from. 2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.,that,as,1）錯(cuò)用引導(dǎo)詞；,常見錯(cuò)誤,. Hangzh

18、ou, where we spent last spring there, is one of the most beautiful cities in China.,2）定語(yǔ)從句中的被替換成份沒有去掉。,. She is the only one of the girls in our class who have been to the United States.,).定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上 應(yīng)與先行詞一致,has,_,1) He has got himself into a dangerous situation_ he is likely to lose control o

19、ver the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why,A,鞏固提高:,2) We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when,D,3) There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that,4. We visited the factory _ makes toys fo

20、r children. A. where B. which C. in which D. at which,高考鏈接,1.We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of_are healthy. That B which C , what D whom （2007 北京） 2.Last week, only two people came to look at the house ,_wanted to buy it. A none of them B both of them C none of whom D neith

21、er of whom (2007安徽) 3.I was given two books on cooking , the first _I really enjoyed . A, of that B, of which C, that D, which (2006 浙江) 4,-Where did you get to know her? -It was on the farm_ we worked. A, that B, there C, which D, where (2007 山東) 5，I explain on the phone, you request will be consid

22、ered at the meeting. A, when B, after C, as D, since (2005 浙江),D,D,B,D,C,6.（08山東卷）26. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A.who B. which C. why D. when 7.(08全國(guó)II)16. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A.it B. wha

23、t C. which D. that 8. (08上海卷)38. We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. A. whichB. whose C. in whichD. with which 9.（09浙江）13I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A.which B. where C. how D. why 10.（09山東）8. Whenever I

24、met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D. that,D,C,C,B,B,11.These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected.(00上海） A. like B. as C. that D. which 12. _ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (04

25、北京） A. It B. As C. That D. What 13. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _ , of course , made the others envy him. (04天津） A. who B. that C. what D. which,14.The gentleman_ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(00上海春招） A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom 15. Have

26、you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous?(01上海 A. its B. its C. whose D. which,用思考,_,1我昨天買的書很有趣。 .2你找到了你正在找的自行車嗎？ 3我看到了很多葉子是黑色的樹。 。4正在那里彈鋼琴的女孩子是我們的班長(zhǎng)。 5他出生在一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離這個(gè)城市的鎮(zhèn)上。,Translate the sentences into English（翻譯）,The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting,Have you found th

27、e bike (that/which) you are looking for?,I saw some trees whose leaves were black,The girl who/ that is playing the piano over there is our monitor.,He was born in a town that/ which is far away from this city.,Thank you very much! Goodbye,( )1.The famous basketball star,_ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who( )2.She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that( )3.New Y