1、非謂語動(dòng)詞,一：什么詞在句中作謂語？ 二：找出下列句子的謂語動(dòng)詞 He had a good memory . 2. It would be a waste of money. 3.He has bought a car. 4.They had moved away. 5.The boy works in Beijing. 6.We are playing. 7.They were working. 8.I can swim. 9.The students must go.,動(dòng)詞位于主語后,注意：We swimming.( ) 三：非謂語動(dòng)詞 顧名思義，非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中不能做謂語.但可以做定、

2、狀、補(bǔ)、主、賓等。 非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式有三種：動(dòng)詞不定式（to do）；動(dòng)ing（working）；過去分詞（done) To swim is good. 2. Swimming is good. 3.He went in ,laughing. 4.The house, built in 1969,is good.,1.動(dòng)詞ing形式的用法。 1）動(dòng)ing做主語一般表經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 例：Swimming is my favourite sport. 比較：動(dòng)ing與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語的區(qū)別。 不定式表將來的、具體的一次性的行為。 Lying is wrong. Lying

3、to her is wrong. 注：在某些平行結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)名詞和不定式是特定的對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu)，一 般不能隨意替換： eg. Seeing is believing. To learn is to use.,2)形式主語it代替動(dòng)詞ing形式作主語。固定句式 Its a waste of time doing sth. 做是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的。 Its useless/worthwhile doing sth. 做.沒用/是值得的 It is no good / no use / no fun doing sth . 做沒用 注意: There is no need to do sth .做.沒用。 It i

4、s +（形容 easy )（for Tom）to do sth. 對(duì).來說做.是,Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _. A. hed like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure,D,動(dòng)詞ing作賓語 1動(dòng)詞ing用于一些特定的動(dòng)詞后，作動(dòng)詞的賓語。 避免錯(cuò)過少延期（avoid,miss,po

5、stpone) 建議完成多聯(lián)系(advise/suggest, finish, practise） 喜歡想象禁不住(enjoy imagine, cant help ) 承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒（admit, deny,envy) 逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒（escape,risk,excuse) 忍受保持不介意（ stand， keep, mind） 考慮感激不喜歡（ consider, appreciate ,dislike） 這些詞后加動(dòng)詞ing作賓語。,例。Would you mind opening the door？ 2.作動(dòng)詞短語的賓語. 1）介詞后用動(dòng)詞ing. after working 2）下列

6、動(dòng)詞短語后用動(dòng)詞ing作賓語。 put off （推遲），give up(放棄), feel like (喜歡) be worth doing (值得做）等+動(dòng)詞ing He gave up smoking. 3. start/begin （開始），continue (繼續(xù)）后既可加doing 或to do ,意思一樣。 He began working/to work.,4. 在love,like,prefer,hate 后接動(dòng)詞ing 表經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。接to do 表具體某一次的動(dòng)作。 I like swimming. I like to swim this afternoon. 5.有些

7、動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語后加doing 或to do 作賓語都可以，但意義不同。 stop to do sth 停下來去做某事（兩件事) stop doing 停止做某事（一件事) mean to do 打算做. mean doing 意味著做 try to do sth 盡力去干. try doing 嘗試做,be afraid to do 不敢做 be afraid of doing 害怕發(fā)生 remember to do 記住要去做(未做） remember doing 記得做了.（已做） forget to do 忘記要去做.（沒做） forget doing 忘記做了.(已做） regret

8、to do 遺憾要去做（未做） regret doing 后悔做了.(已做） Please stop working. Please stop to work.,6.主語+need/require/want (需要）deserve (值得）+to do （主語能發(fā)出do 的動(dòng)作） I need to buy a book. 主語+need/require/want (需要）deserve (值得）+doing (主表被） =to be done (主語不能發(fā)出do 的動(dòng)作，表被做） The old man needs looking after =needs to be looked afte

9、r. 二：動(dòng)詞ing的否定式 1)動(dòng)詞ing的否定式通常在動(dòng)詞ing前加 not，即： not 動(dòng)詞ing Not wanting to go is his idea.,2)動(dòng)詞ing帶有邏輯主語時(shí)（即動(dòng)詞ing前有my 、your、the boys.)not 加在邏輯主語和動(dòng)詞ing之間。 Excuse me for my coming on time. 四.動(dòng)詞ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)詞ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格動(dòng)詞ing，即“ sb /sbs +動(dòng)詞ing”構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上是給動(dòng)詞ing加了一個(gè)邏輯主語。動(dòng)詞ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式; 1)

10、形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)詞ing 2)名詞s+動(dòng)詞ing 3)代詞賓格+動(dòng)詞ing 4)名詞+動(dòng)詞ing,注：動(dòng)詞ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可在句中作主語或賓語。作主語時(shí)，不能用3），4） 兩種形式。 其中的名詞所有格可以改為普通格，物主代詞可改為賓格。如： my fathers going alone my father going alone; our taking part in it us taking part in it,改寫句子 Would you mind if I opened the window? Would you mind_ _ the window? Would you mind

11、 _ _ the window?,my opening,me opening,六：動(dòng)詞ing 的語態(tài) 在語態(tài)上，動(dòng)詞ing形式有主動(dòng)式（doing ,having done)和被動(dòng)式（being done,having been done ).主動(dòng)式表主動(dòng)意義，被動(dòng)表被動(dòng)意義。 He insisted on sending her to hospital. He insisted on being sent to hospital at once.,一：動(dòng)詞ing形式作表語 系動(dòng)詞（be,look,feel,smell)后+動(dòng)詞ing ，動(dòng)詞ing 做系動(dòng)詞的表語,描述的是主語的狀態(tài) 注：主語

12、不能發(fā)出動(dòng)詞ing 的動(dòng)作 1.Seeing is believing. 2.The book is interesting. 3.The film looks frightenimg. 1.I am working.,二:動(dòng)詞ing作定語 單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞ing作定語位于它修飾的名詞前. a smoking room 一個(gè)抽煙室 a puzzling question 一個(gè)令人困惑的問題 a sleeping car 一個(gè)臥鋪 如果動(dòng)詞ing短語作定語。位于他所修飾的名詞后 The boy playing football is from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩來自于一班。,三:

13、動(dòng)詞ing做賓語補(bǔ)足語 1）位于感官動(dòng)詞后see、hear 、feel、smell、watch、find、notice.+sb +動(dòng)詞ing 動(dòng)詞ing做sb的賓語補(bǔ)足語 I saw her woking. 我看見他正在工作 2）位于have (使）keep（讓）leave(使)+sb +動(dòng)詞ing 動(dòng)詞ing做sb的賓語補(bǔ)足語 I have him standing. 我讓他一直站著。 3）用于with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中 With sb doing,+句子 隨著某人做 With the boy leading the way,I found the boy.,1,catch sb doing 抓

14、住某人干,非謂語動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞ing作狀語,動(dòng)詞ing動(dòng)詞過分,+句子 句子+動(dòng)詞ing 動(dòng)詞過分 在以上的兩個(gè)句子中動(dòng)詞ing 動(dòng)詞過分作狀語 切記：用動(dòng)詞ing作狀語時(shí)，句子的主語一定能發(fā)出這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作。用過分作狀語時(shí)，主語不能發(fā)出這動(dòng)作，表被發(fā)出 1._(Hear) the news, he cried. 2.The boy went out,_.(laugh) 3.He stood up and looked out,_(cry). 4._(finish),the house will be opened to the people.,Hearing,laughing,crying,2.

15、構(gòu)成省略句式： 1)When等連詞+動(dòng)詞ing（必須是主語能發(fā)出這個(gè)動(dòng)作）,+句子（切記，前后句必是同一個(gè)主語） When_(see),I went out. 2) When等連詞+動(dòng)詞過去分詞（主語不能發(fā)出這個(gè)動(dòng)作，表被動(dòng)）,+句子（切記，前后句必是同一個(gè)主語） Unless _(invite),you must keep silent.,3.一些固定用法（多用于句首） generally speaking 一般說來 Judging from, 根據(jù)判斷 Considering (that ）+句子 . 考慮到 Supposing （that ） +句子 假如.,4.注，不及物動(dòng)詞與系動(dòng)詞無

16、被動(dòng)語態(tài)，用分詞時(shí)只用現(xiàn)在分詞，即動(dòng)詞ing 1) The flowers _ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. (2004上海) A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt,B,5.特殊句型 1）on +動(dòng)詞ing,+句子。一就. On arriving ,he saw me. 6.祈使句(以動(dòng)詞原形開頭的句子）+and or+將來時(shí)的句子 Get up, or you will be late. 7.祈使句+波折號(hào)（相當(dāng)于連詞and等） +將

17、來時(shí)的句子 _some juice perhaps youn will like it. A.Trying B.Try C.To try D.Have tried,B,8.只有to do 可以做目的狀語，別的不行 He stayed here to learn English. 9.only to do，結(jié)果是 only to be done 結(jié)果被 He hurried to the station ,only to _(tell) that the star had left. 10.動(dòng)詞ing的一般式：doing（表示doing這個(gè)動(dòng)作與主句謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生） Walking in th

18、e steet ,I met an old friend. 動(dòng)詞ing的完成時(shí):having done(表示having done這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前） Having finished the letter, he went out.,11.動(dòng)詞ing的語態(tài)： doing(主動(dòng))表doing這動(dòng)作與句子謂動(dòng)同時(shí)進(jìn)行 being done (被動(dòng))表被動(dòng)這動(dòng)作與謂動(dòng)同時(shí)進(jìn)行 having done (主動(dòng))分詞的完成時(shí)表示having done這動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂動(dòng)之前 having been done (被動(dòng)) Having been invited ,they went there

19、to give a speech. He could not bear being laughed at. 12.動(dòng)詞ing的否定，在動(dòng)詞ing前加not.,賓 語,1. (09陜西12) I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken,2. (09上海35) Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.

20、 having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold,3. (09上海39) David threatened his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported,4.(08江西24) I hear theyve promoted Tom， but he didnt mention when we talked on the phone. A.to promote B.having

21、 been promote C.having promoted D.to be promoted,5.I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late. (2000.1) you to delay making B. your delaying making C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make,6.(06北京35) I cant stand with Jane in the same office.She just refuses talking while she work

22、s. A.working;stopping B.to work; stoppin C.working;to stop D.to work; to stop,7. (09四川2) He told us whether _ a picnic was still under discussion to have B. having C. have D. had,8.I have no objection _ your story again.(2000.6) A. to hear B. to hearing C. to having heard D. to have heard,定 語,1. (09

23、重慶29) With the world changing fast, we have something new with all by ourselves every day. A. deal B. dealt C. todeal D. dealing,2. (09安徽28) The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. having been produced,3. (09海南35) Now that weve

24、 discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ? taking B. take C. taken D. to take,4.(07全國25) The last one pays the meal. Agreed! A.arrived B.arrives C.to arrive D.arriving,5.(07湖南34) “Things never come again!”I couldnt help talking to myself. A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost,

25、(89) 6.Do you know the boy_ under the tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying,7.(06北京28) There have been several new events to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A.add B.to add C.adding D.added,8.(09江西)The government plans to bring in new laws _parents to take more responsibility for th

26、e education of their children. A.forced B.forcing C.to be forced D.having forced,1. (09北京34) _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten,狀 語,2. (09江西22) _the right kind of training , these teenage soccer playe

27、rs may one day grow into international stars. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given,3. (09福建32) _not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded,4(09湖南25) At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apart

28、ment near Boston and _ what to do about his future. A. living;wondering B. lived;wondering C. lived;wondered D. living; wondered,3. (09四川10) _ many times, he finally understood it. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told,4. (09天津4) _ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends

29、. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete,5.(08遼寧27) He was busy writing a story only once in a while to smoke a cigarette. A.to stop B.stopping C.to have stopped D.having,6.(04上海42) Having been attacked by terrorists， . A.the tall building collapsed B.doctors came to their

30、 rescue C.an emergency measure was taken D.warnings were given to tourists,7.(08全國26) I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good . A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed,8.(08北京32) I feel greatly honored into their society. A. to welcome B. welcoming C

31、. to be welcomed D. welcomed,補(bǔ) 語,1.(07重慶28) Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A.is said to be buying B.is said to have bought C.had said to buy D.has said to have bought,2.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself_.

32、 A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard,3. (09全國16) They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly. being run B. run C. to run D. running,4.(06天津7) A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the reader must not be left . A.unsatisfied B.unsatisfying C.to be unsatisfying D.bei

33、ng unsatisfied,5.The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied,6.You will see this product _ wherever you go.(2000.6) A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising,7.(07福建24) Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a go

34、od way to have her written English in a short period. A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve,8.(07全國29) I smell something in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? A.burning B.burnt C.being burnt D.to be burnt,Tony lent me the money, _ that Id do as much for him. A. hopingB. to hopeC.

35、hopedD. having hoped 2.【2012重慶】23. _to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked 3.【2012全國】28. The party will be held in the garden, weather . A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit,4.【2012北京】23. One learns a langu

36、age by making mistakes and _ them. A. corrects B. correct C. to correct D. correcting 5.【2012福建】28. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _ in the South China Sea. A. attacking B. having attacking C. being attacked D. having been

37、attacked 6.【2012福建】34. Pressed from his parents, and _ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized,7.【2012陜西】15. _ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad. A. Standing B. To s

38、tand C. Stood D. Stand 8.【2012湖南】31. The lecture, _ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. starting B. being starting C. to start D. to be started 9.【2012天津】11. He got up late and hurried to his office, _ the breakfast untouched. A. left B. to leave C.

39、leaving D. having left,10.【2012江西】35. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it. A. offered B. offering C. to offer D. to be offered 11.【2012遼寧】25. The old couple often take a walk after super in the park with their pet dog _. A. to follow B. following C. followed

40、 D. follows 12.【2012四川】8. I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound,13.【2012江蘇】31. _ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it soon or later. A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base 2011年高考非謂語動(dòng)詞in

41、g形式高考試題 1、(全國卷I) The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house. A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 2、（全國卷II）Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _nothing about the argument. A. says B: said C. to say D. saying,3、（北京卷）Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ on your feet. A.

42、to keepB. keeping C. having keptD. to have kept 4、(上海卷) Its no use _ without taking action. A. complainB. complaining C. being complained D. to be complained 5、(上海卷) At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, _ that he could do nothing to help. A. to realizeB. reali

43、zed C. realizingD. being realized,6、（山東卷）Look over theretheres a very long, winding path_ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead 7、（江西卷）. On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office. A. saysB. saidC. sayingD. to say 8、（江蘇卷）R

44、ecently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared,9、（四川卷）. Lydia doesnt feel like_ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study 10、（遼寧卷） _ around the fi

45、re, the tourists danced with the local people. A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering 11、（陜西卷）More highways have been built in China, _it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. A. making B. made C. to make D. having made,12、(湖南卷).Do you wake up every morning _ en

46、ergetic and ready to start a new day? A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt 2010-2006 1.（10福建25） Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. A. sendingB. to sendC. having sentD. to have sent 2.（10上海33） Lucy has a great sense of humo

47、r and always keeps her colleagues with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused,3.（10上海35） the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 4.（10上海40）Thai is the only way we can imagine the overu

48、se of water in students bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 5.（10安徽30）He had a wonderful childhood, _with his mother to all corners of the world A. travel B. to travelC. traveled D. traveling,6.（10湖南21）Listen! Do you hear someone for help? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called

49、 7.（10湖南26）Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle 8.（10江西24）The lady walked around the shops, _ an eye out for bargains. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep,9.（10天津12）It rain

50、ed heavily in the south， serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 10.The lawyer listened with full attention， to miss any point Anot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try 11.（10江蘇28）The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged

51、 by the earthquake in Yushu ,_the students to return to their classrooms. A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled,12.（10北京21） at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked 13.（10重慶30）The news shocked the public, _to gr

52、eat concern about students safety at school. A. having ledB. ledC. leadingD. to lead 14.（10浙江20）The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing,15. (09福建34) In April, 2009, Presid

53、ent Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy. A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked 16(09湖南25) At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future. A. living; wondering B. lived; won

54、dering C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered 17. (09湖南31)Please do me a favor _ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight. A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited,18. (09江西34) The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their

55、 children. A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced 19. (09陜西12)I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 20. (09上海31) A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _all four people on board. A. kil

56、led B. killing C. kills D. to kill,21. (09上海35) Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold 22(09浙江7) There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain. A. indicate B. ind

57、icatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating 23. (09全國16) They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly. A. being run B. run C. to run D. running,24.(08北京35)It is worth considering what makes“convenience” foods so popular, and_better ones of your own.A.introduces B.to introduceC.introducing D.introduc

58、ed 25.(08天津4) their hats into the air， the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A.To throw B.ThrownC.ThrowingD.Being thrown 26.(08江西24)I hear theyve promoted Tom， but he didnt mentionwhen we talked on the phone. A.to promote B.having been promotedC.having promotedD.to be promoted,27.(08湖南34)Susan wanted