1、八年級(下)units 34中考基礎(chǔ)知識梳理類別課標(biāo)考點(diǎn)要求詞匯攻關(guān)1.borrow(反義詞)_lend_2.independent(名詞)獨(dú)立_independence_3.develop(名詞)_development_4.fair(名詞)_fairness_(反義詞)_unfair_5.ill(名詞)_illness_6.communicate(名詞)_communication_7.second(副詞)_secondly_8.usual(反義詞)_unusual_(副詞)_usually_短語歸納1.倒垃圾_take_out_the_rubbish_2.頻繁，反復(fù)_all_the_ti

2、me_3.一就，盡快_as_soon_as_4.目的是，為了_in_order_to_5.依靠，依賴_depend_on_6.照顧，處理_take_care_of_7.快速查看，瀏覽_look_through_8.重要的事_big_deal_9.成功地發(fā)展，解決_work_out_10.和睦相處，關(guān)系良好_get_on_with_11.刪除，刪去_cut_out_12.比較，對比_comparewith_13.依看_in_ones_opinion_14.吃驚地，驚訝地_in_surprise_15.隨時(shí)，馬上，在任何時(shí)刻_any_minute_now_16.過來，順便拜訪_come_over_

3、句型再現(xiàn)1.“你能掃一下地板嗎？”“好的，當(dāng)然可以?！盻could_you_please_ sweep the floor？yes，_sure_.2.他們應(yīng)該將時(shí)間花在學(xué)業(yè)上，為的是取得好成績并考上好大學(xué)。they should spend their time on schoolwork _in_order_to_get_good_grades_ and _get_into_ a good university.3.同時(shí)，當(dāng)他們長大后，他們將不得不做家務(wù)，所以他們現(xiàn)在沒必要做家務(wù)。also，when they get older，they will have to do housework

4、so _there_is_no_need_for_them_to_do_it_ now.4.我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不是很難，我并不介意做家務(wù)。i think _doing_chores_ is not so difficult.i _do_not_mind_doing_ them.5.昨天我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的妹妹在翻閱我的東西。i found my sister _looking_through_ my things yesterday.6.相反，他想看什么就看什么，一直看到深夜。instead，he watches _whatever_he_wants_ until late at night.7.孩子們越早

5、學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立，對他們的未來就越好。_the_earlier_ kids learn to be independent，_the_better_ it is for their future.8.你為何不與你的家人談?wù)勥@些感受呢？_why_dont_you_talk_about_ these feelings with your family？9.人們不該把自己的孩子逼得太緊。people _shouldnt_push_ their kids so hard.10.他們總是把他們和其他孩子作比較。they _are_always_comparing_ them with other childre

6、n.語法結(jié)構(gòu)1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could表示請求、允許的用法。2.表示征求意見或提出建議的句型。話題1.chores and permission(家務(wù)和許可)2.interpersonal communication(人際溝通)貴陽五年中考真題演練詞匯類1(2013貴陽93題)alex will go for a picnic instead of _staying_(stay) at home this weekend.(b)2.(2014貴陽38題)this math problem is so hard that i cant _.please give me some advice.alo

7、ok out itbwork it outcgive it out3(2012貴陽92題)when is mothers day?its on the _second_(two) sunday in may every year.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(b)4.(2014貴陽42題)in china and some other countries，it is impolite to speak loudly _ you are having a meal.abeforebwhilecafter句型類(a)5.(2013貴陽35題)“what should i get my mom for her birt

8、hday? why _ get her a scarf？”adont you bdo you care you貴陽中考重難點(diǎn)突破neither adv.也不【滿分點(diǎn)撥】代詞(1)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)(2)常與of連用，neither of名詞復(fù)數(shù)neither of them was in good health，but both of them worked very hard.他們兩個(gè)人身體都不好，但工作都非常努力。形容詞(1)用在單數(shù)名詞之前(2)其修飾的詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)neither answer is right.兩個(gè)答案都不對。副詞放于句首，用倒裝語序，表示“也不”n

9、eitherbe/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語he doesnt go to school by bike.neither do i.他不騎自行車上學(xué)。我也不騎。短語(1)neithernor表示“既不也不”，連接兩個(gè)并列成分表否定；反義短語bothand，連接同等成分表示肯定(2)連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”neither i nor he knows it.我和他都不知道此事?！究键c(diǎn)搶測】1i dont think i can walk any further._neither_can_i_(我也不能)lets stop here for a rest.(a)2.(2016麓山國際學(xué)校九年

10、級模擬)which would you like to drink，coffee or orange juice?_，id like a cup of tea.aneitherbbothcnone(c)3.(2016黑龍江中考)i tried two bookstores for the book i wanted，but _ of them had it.anone beither cneither(b)4.(2016荊門中考改編)alice，how do your parents like pop music?_my dad_my mom likes it.but they both pr

11、efer beijing opera.aeither；or bneither；norcnot only；but also辨析borrow，lend與keep【滿分點(diǎn)撥】borrow借進(jìn)說話人向別人借東西供自己用，常用于borrow sth. from sb.結(jié)構(gòu)中，為終止性動(dòng)詞lend借出即說話人把自己的東西借給別人用，常用于lend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，為終止性動(dòng)詞can i borrow this book？我可以借這本書嗎？yes，but you mustnt lend it to others.可以，但你不許借給別人。keep保存，保留用于表示借用

12、的時(shí)間長度，可以和表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語及how long等連用how long may i keep this book？這本書我可借多長時(shí)間？two weeks.兩周?！緢D解助記】【注意】意為“歸還”時(shí)，return是及物動(dòng)詞，后直接加物，加to可再接人，即return sth. to sb. 如：you should return the piano to dick on time.你應(yīng)該按時(shí)把鋼琴還給迪克?！究键c(diǎn)搶測】borrow，lend，keep5may i _borrow_ your bike?certainly，but you mustnt _lend_ it to others

13、.6i _have_kept_ this book for two weeks.i have to return it now.7she _lent_ him some money.she _lent_ some money to him.he _borrowed_ some money from her.(c)8.(2015貴陽18中模擬)i can _ you my dictionary，but you can _ it for only a week.alend；borrow bborrow；keepclend；keep辨析while與when【滿分點(diǎn)撥】while與when：當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候w

14、hile強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)性或某時(shí)間段內(nèi)一種情況發(fā)生時(shí)另一種情況出現(xiàn)，在while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，其謂語動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性的，而且也只能與主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在；when說明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)，也可以是先后發(fā)生；可與延續(xù)或非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。如：while jim was repairing his bike，lin tao came to see him.正當(dāng)吉姆修自行車時(shí)，林濤來看他。you cant do your homework while youre watching tv.你不能一邊看電視一邊做家庭作業(yè)。when the teacher came in，we wer

15、e talking.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來時(shí)，我們正在說話。i was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.昨天晚上媽媽回家的時(shí)候，我正在做家庭作業(yè)。when和while的區(qū)別還在于：while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句多用一般時(shí)態(tài)?！咀⒁狻縲hile還可以表示對比或轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“而，然而”。此時(shí)，while一般位于句中。如：some people waste food while others dont have enough.有些人浪費(fèi)糧食，然而有些人卻吃不飽。you lik

16、e sports，while i prefer music.你喜歡體育，而我更喜歡音樂?！究键c(diǎn)搶測】when，while9i was listening to the radio _when_ he came in.10_when_ he came back，i was doing some washing.11he fell asleep _when/while_ he was reading.(c)12.(2016河南中考)a stupid man tells a woman to shut up，while a wise man tells her that her mouth is q

17、uite beautiful_it is closed.aunlessbsincecwhen(c)13.(2016綏化中考)she is listening to music _he is doing his homework.aafter bbefore cwhile辨析provide，give與offer【滿分點(diǎn)撥】三個(gè)詞均有“供給；供應(yīng)”之意，區(qū)別主要在結(jié)構(gòu)上。(1)provideforprovidewith(2)give giveto(3)offer強(qiáng)調(diào)“主動(dòng)提供”offer offerto【溫馨提示】若offer所接的直接賓語和間接賓語都為代詞時(shí)，只能用后者。offer it to

18、sb.(代詞)【考點(diǎn)搶測】provide，offer14the hostess _offered_ us a cup of coffeethe hostess _offered_ a cup of coffee _to_ us.15we _provided_ food _for_ the hungry children.we _provided_ the hungry children _with_ food.(c)16.(2015貴陽19中模擬)the cars will be _ to people all over the country.aprovidedbboughtcsupplie

19、das soon as 一就；盡快【滿分點(diǎn)撥】as soon as的用法(1)as soon as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，如果主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。(2)as soon as possibleas soon as one can/could，意為“盡可能快地”?！究键c(diǎn)搶測】(a)17.(2016西寧中考改編)when shall we begin our trip?well set out _ our head teacher arrives.aas soon as bever sincecso that(c)18.(2016湖北中考改編)did you catch the

20、early bus this morning?yes.the bus started to move _ i got on it.athoughbbeforecas soon as(c)19.(2014菏澤中考)when will you return the book to me?ill give it to you _ i finish it.aonce buntil cas soon assince prep.自以來conj.因?yàn)?；既然【滿分點(diǎn)撥】since的兩種詞性(1)作介詞，since(過去的)某一時(shí)刻for一段時(shí)間，表示一段時(shí)間。(2)作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句通常用現(xiàn)在完成

21、時(shí)，從句通常用一般過去時(shí)?！究键c(diǎn)搶測】(c)20.(2016大慶中考)daming hasnt done much exercise_he got his computer.awhen bif csince(c)21.(2016濟(jì)寧中考)we have been expecting rio 2016 olympics_ the olympic flame(圣火) was lit.aif bunless csince(a)22.(2015黃岡中考)i can hardly believe my eyes.is that you，lucy?yes.it has been almost 20 yea

22、rs _ we were together.asince bbefore cafterget on with和睦相處；關(guān)系良好【滿分點(diǎn)撥】get on的用法(1)get onget along相處；進(jìn)展；與合得來(2)get on/along well with sb.與某人相處得好(3)get on/along well with sth.某事進(jìn)展得好(4)how are you getting on/along with sb./sth.?你與某人相處得怎樣？/某事進(jìn)展如何？【歸納拓展】get on還可表示“上車”，其反義短語是get off，意為“下車”?！究键c(diǎn)搶測】23im getti

23、ng on well with my new classmates.(對畫線部分提問)_how_ _are_ you getting on with your new classmates?(a)24.(2015蘭州中考)good manners can make people _ each other.aget on well withbget offcget overpeter，could you please take out the rubbish？彼得，請你把垃圾倒掉好嗎？【滿分點(diǎn)撥】句式常見答語could(can/would/will)you please do sth.？表示請求

24、或征求意見(相當(dāng)于please do sth.)肯定：yes，sure./certainly./of course./with pleasure./no problem.否定：sorry，i cant.i have to/certainly not./im afraid not.could you please not do sth.？常表示委婉批評或建議(相當(dāng)于dont do sth.)sorry，i wont do that again.could i do？表示請求許可(相當(dāng)于may i？)肯定：sure./yes，you can.否定：sorry，but you cant/youd b

25、etter not./no，you cant.【歸納拓展】各種“請求”的表達(dá)方式請求would you please do？請你做好嗎？would you like/love to do？你愿意做嗎？would you mind doing？你介意做嗎？shall i/we do？我/我們做好嗎？lets do！讓我/我們做吧！【考點(diǎn)搶測】(a)25.(2016黑龍江中考)would you mind my opening the window?_its so hot in the room.aof course notbcertainlycbetter not(a)26.(2016黑龍江中考)the box is heavy.could you please help me carry it?_！amy pleasurebyou are kiddingcgood ideawhy dont you go to sleep earlier this evening？你今天晚上為什么