1、,1. take place,1) 發(fā)生 Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place? 2）舉行 The singer was ill. The performance didnt take place after all.,與place相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：,in the first place in the last place in ones place in place take ones place take the place of .,首先, 第一點(diǎn) 最后 處于某人的位置, 為 某人設(shè)身處地想一想 放在原來(lái)的位置, 就位

2、 代替, 用而不用 找某人接替某人的位置,辨析: take place, happen, occur, break out, come about,take place 指事先計(jì)劃或預(yù)想到的事情的發(fā)生。 我們學(xué)校的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將于下周三舉行。 Our school sports meeting is going to take place next Friday. 2)happen 偶然或未能預(yù)見(jiàn)的發(fā)生, 可以和to 連用或接that引導(dǎo)的從句。 他碰巧沒(méi)有讀過(guò)那部小說(shuō)。 He happened not to have read the novel. It happened that he had

3、read the novel.,3)occur 既可指某事偶然發(fā)生, 也指某事按計(jì)劃發(fā)生, 可與happen互換。也有想起 ” 之意，常與to連用 許多事故是發(fā)生在家里的。 常用于；sth occurs to sb/it occurs to sb that. Many accidents occur in the house. A good idea occurred to him. 4) break out 僅用于負(fù)面場(chǎng)合, 常用于災(zāi)難, 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng), 疾病之類(lèi)事情的突然發(fā)生。 發(fā)生了大火/戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)了。 A fire / war broke out.,5) come about 屬于中性詞組, 既

4、可用于表達(dá)正面 事情的發(fā)生, 又可用于表達(dá)負(fù)面事情的發(fā)生。 你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？ Can you tell me how the accident came about？,2. beauty beautiful beautify v美化 3. harvest n/v 收獲，收割 The farmer hired extra workers for the harvest. a good harvest 豐收 harvester 收割機(jī)/人 We will harvest the fruit in autumn.,4. celebrate 慶祝 We held a party to c

5、elebrate our success. celebration n. congratulate 祝賀 congratulate sb. on (doing ) sth. I him on passing the exam. congratulation,starve v. 挨餓; 餓死 Millions of people starved to death during the war. 2) (使某人)得不到某事物而受苦或渴望獲得某事物; 缺乏 The homeless children were starved for love . 3) to feel very hungry 感覺(jué)很

6、餓, 僅用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) When will dinner be ready? Im starving. starvation n. U 餓死 die of starvation starvation wages 不夠維持基本生活的工資,6. origin 起源，由來(lái)，起因 What was the origin of the accident? The origins of life on earth 可用做可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞, 通常用作復(fù)數(shù)形式 original adj. 原始的,7. religious 1）宗教上的，信奉宗教的 Most western people have relig

7、ious beliefs. 2) 虔誠(chéng)的 She is a very religious person. religion n.,8. in memory of 紀(jì)念 The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.,in honor of in praise of in celebration of in search of in need of in favour of in charge of,9. belief 1)信任; 信心 U I have strong belief in my future. 2) 信仰C reli

8、gious beliefs 宗教信仰 beyond belief 難以置信 believe v.,10. dress up 盛裝，打扮 You should dress up when you take part in the party. dress 給穿衣服 dress sb./oneself Wake up children and dress them. Hurry up and get dressed. （動(dòng)態(tài)） The girl was dressed in red. （靜態(tài)）,11. trick n. 詭計(jì)，花招 They had to think of a trick to g

9、et passed the guards. do/perform a trick 玩把戲 2) n. 竅門(mén)，招數(shù) Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language. 3）vt. 欺騙，詐騙 She tricked the SnowWhite into eating the poisoned apple. The man tricked the old woman out of all her money. trick sb into sth/doing sth 誘騙某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth 誘騙某人

10、某物,12. play a trick/tricks on 捉弄 戲弄. The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others. 13. poet 詩(shī)人 Li Bai is a great poet who wrote many famous poems.,14.arrival 1）到達(dá)，到來(lái) The arrival of the train is 9:00. On our arrival at the farm, we were welcomed by the farmers. 2) 到達(dá)者 They went out to welcome the n

11、ew arrivals. a new arrival=a baby arrive v,15. gain 1） 獲得 He gained full marks in the exam. 2) 贏得 The scientist gained the respect of his students. No pains, no gains.,16. independence 獨(dú)立，自主 India gained independence from Britain in 1947. depend v dependent adj independent adj 獨(dú)立的，自主的 be dependent o

12、n/upon 依靠 be independent of 不受支配的 不依賴(lài)的,17. gather 1）搜集 The writer is gathering materials for his works. 2)集合 The teacher gathered the students around her. 3) 聚集 The clouds are gathering. 【辨析】 collect 指有計(jì)劃, 有選擇地收集。 He collects stamps.,18. award 1）v.授予，判定 They awarded him the title of Hero. Einstein w

13、as awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics. The referee awarded a free kick. 2） n. 獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品 She got the first award in the English contest. The award for the years best actress was a young woman.,award sb. sth. =award sth to sb. 獎(jiǎng)賞某人某物 辨析: award 和reward award后接雙賓語(yǔ) reward 獎(jiǎng)賞, 給報(bào)酬, 不能接雙賓語(yǔ); reward sb. for sth.

14、 因 獎(jiǎng)賞某人； reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬勞某人 She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole mornings hard work.,19. produce v 生產(chǎn) The factory produces 1,000 cars a week. 2）n 產(chǎn)品,尤指農(nóng)產(chǎn)品 The shop sells only fresh local produce. product 產(chǎn)品 production 產(chǎn)量 productive 多產(chǎn)的，生產(chǎn)的 a productive writer,20. admire

15、欽佩,羨慕 We all admire him for his courage and bravery. admire sb. for sth.在某方面欽佩某人 2) 欣賞 I admire your poems very much . 3) 贊美 He admired her new dress. admiration n.,21. look forward to (doing) sth. 期待著(做)某事 Children are looking forward to Spring Festival. Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen

16、pal.,22. day and night 日夜; 晝夜; 整天 Her mother is ill. She has to take care of her day and night in the hospital.,23. clothing 服裝（總稱(chēng)，除衣褲還包括鞋帽） an article of clothing 一件衣服 The cost of food, clothing and shelter is high.,辨析: cloth, clothes, clothing,cloth 指做衣服等用的材料, 如布料, 毛料, 絲綢等, 不可數(shù)。“一塊布料”是 a piece of

17、cloth.,注意: cloth 指具體用途的布時(shí), 可與冠詞連用。 a table cloth 一塊桌布 a dish cloth 一塊擦碗布,2) clothes 指具體的衣服, 包括上衣, 褲子等, 不能 與不定冠詞或數(shù)詞連用, 但可與物主代詞, 指示 代詞, 少數(shù)不定代詞連用。作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)用 復(fù)數(shù)形式。 He wears fine clothes. 他穿著很講究。,3) clothing 是衣服, 服裝的總稱(chēng), 是集合名詞。 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)候, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如果要表示 “一件衣服”時(shí), 可以說(shuō)an article of clothing 或a piece of clothing,

18、 但不能用 a suit of clothing 那家商店賣(mài)童裝。 The shop sells childrens clothing.,24. as though as though和as if沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。as if用得普遍些, 卻可引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句, 其從句謂語(yǔ) 常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 1) 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她裝得好像什么事也沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)似的。 當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致, 從句謂語(yǔ)中又含 有動(dòng)詞be時(shí), 可以把主語(yǔ)和 be一起省去。 He looked about as though (he was) in

19、 search of something. 他四處張望, 好像尋找什么。,2) 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句 It looks as if its going to rain as though和as if從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 還是用陳述 語(yǔ)氣, 完全根據(jù)具體情況而定。如果從句表示 的意思與事實(shí)完全相反, 或者純粹是一種假設(shè), 通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 The child talks as if she were an adult. He talked as if he had known everything.,25. have fun (with sb) (與某人)玩得開(kāi)心 We had fun with each

20、other on that day. fun為不可數(shù)名詞, 沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù), 也不能加a. make fun of 取笑 for fun read for fun adj. funny 有趣的,26. custom 1)風(fēng)俗 The celebration of the Spring Festival is a custom for Chinese. It is the custom for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall. 2) 習(xí)慣=habit It was her custom to rise ear

21、ly. the Customs 海關(guān),27. worldwide 世界性的 Wild life protection has attracted worldwide attention.,28. fool n. 愚人，白癡，受騙者 I felt a fool when I realized my mistake. 2）v.愚弄，欺騙 Youre fooling yourself if you think playing computer games will not affect your studies.,29. permission 允許，許可 I asked for his permis

22、sion to use the car. You have my permission to leave. permit sb. to do sth.,30. turn up. 1) 出席(某活動(dòng)), 出現(xiàn) We planned to meet at 7:00, but he didnt turn up. 2) 把(收音機(jī)等)音量開(kāi)大一些 Turn up the radio a little, I can hardly hear the program. The teacher turned down the students proposal(請(qǐng)求）. 拒絕 I thought it wou

23、ld rain the next day, but it turned out to be a sunny day. 結(jié)果是 turn off 關(guān)掉 turn on 打開(kāi) turn to sb. for help 向某人求助,31. keep ones word 守信，履行諾言 I promised my teacher to work hard, I must. =perform ones word. break ones word 失信 Dont break your word, otherwise, no one will trust you. word 此處為諾言為不可數(shù)名詞 消息 W

24、ord came that he had succeeded.,32. hold ones breath = stop breathing for a time 屏住呼吸,The girl held her breath at the sight of the snake. All Americans held their breath to see who would win the election.,take breath 歇會(huì)兒 get ones breath 喘過(guò)氣來(lái) be out of breath 喘不過(guò)氣來(lái),breathe v.,You must apologize to th

25、e teacher for being so rude.,33. apologize 道歉 say sorry apologize to sb for (doing) sth,apology n.,表達(dá)道歉 接受道歉 拒絕道歉,make / offer an apology accept an apology refuse an apology,34. drown (drowned, drowned) v. 淹死 Dont play by the river in case you fall and drown. There was a drowning man .(快要淹死的） drowne

26、d 已經(jīng)淹死的 2) 浸, 泡,借 消愁 drown ones sorrow/sadness in,The floods drowned the streets and houses. 3) 淹沒(méi) The noise in the street drowned out her voice.,35. obvious adj. 明顯的, 清楚的 His meaning is obvious. 1) be obvious + to + 表示人的名詞或代詞 Her disappointment was obvious to her friend. 2) It + be + obvious +that-

27、clause It is obvious that you are wrong. Obviously, he is telling a lie.,36. wipe 1） 擦/抹某物 Wipe your hands with the handkerchief. 2)把擦掉，抹掉 The girl wiped her tears away. 3）把擦干 The students wiped the floor dry.,37. weep (wept, wept) 哭泣，流淚 Failing in the exam, the girl wept over/for her bad learning results.,38. set