1、景德鎮(zhèn)之旅,Catalogue,1，Location 2，The history 3，Types of porcelain 4，Making technology,景德鎮(zhèn)是一個地級市，以前是中國江西省的一個小鎮(zhèn)，2010年常住人口1,587,477。因為生產(chǎn)了1700年的優(yōu)質瓷器而被稱為“瓷都”。這個城市有著超過2000年的悠久歷史。 景德鎮(zhèn)是中國歷史文化名城之一，2007年底被評為江西省優(yōu)秀文明健康城市。,Jingdezhen is a prefecture-level city in Jiangxi Province of China, with a total population of

2、 1,587,477(2010).It is known as the Porcelain Capital because it has been producing quality pottery for 1700 years. The city has a well-documented history that stretches back over 2000 years. Jingdezhen is one of Chinese Historical and Cultural Cities, and was named outstanding civilization & health

3、 city of Jiangxi Province.,地理位置,江西景德鎮(zhèn)陶瓷，是中華民族文化藝術寶庫中輝煌的明珠。他近二千年來的悠久而燦爛的歷史進程，給后世留下了精湛絕倫的技藝，也造就了歷代數(shù)不清的藝術匠師。在長期的發(fā)展過程中，景德鎮(zhèn)的技藝人員，奮發(fā)努力，刻意求新，創(chuàng)作了許多好作品，使景德鎮(zhèn)瓷器形成了自己獨特的風格。,Jingdezhen porcelain is the bright pearl in Chinese art and culture. With nearly two thousands of splendid history, there are exquisite ski

4、lls and countless craftsmen. In the long time of development, the artists and craftsmen in Jingdezhen brought their full talent into creating numerous masterpieces. Thanks to their hard working, Jingdezhen porcelain had been formed its own four special features.,葫蘆窯 double-gourd kiln,十八世紀以前，歐洲人不會制造瓷

5、器，因此中國特別是昌南鎮(zhèn)的精美瓷器很受歡迎。在歐洲，昌南鎮(zhèn)瓷器是十分受人珍愛的貴重物品.歐洲人就以“昌南”作為瓷器（china）和生產(chǎn)瓷器的“中國”（China）的代稱，久而久之，歐洲人就把昌南的本意忘卻了，只記得它是“瓷器”，即“中國”。,錦繡昌南中國瓷園,早在東漢時期，古人在昌南（景德鎮(zhèn)）建造窯坊，燒制陶瓷。到了唐朝，由于昌南土質好，先人們吸收南方青瓷和北方白瓷的優(yōu)點創(chuàng)制出一種青白瓷。青白瓷晶瑩滋潤，有“人造玉器”的美稱，大量出口歐洲。,As early as in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the ancients started to build kilns i

6、n Changnan to fire ceramics. In the Tang Dynasty, because of the soil with good quality in Changnan, the ancestors created the bluish white porcelain by combining the advantages of southern celadon and the northern white porcelain. The bluish white porcelain was glittering and had the reputation of

7、artificial jade. So it was exported to Europe in large amount.,青白瓷 bluish white porcelain,元代，瓷業(yè)較宋代為衰落，然而這時期也有新的發(fā)展，如青花和釉里紅的興起，彩瓷大量的流行，白瓷成為瓷器的主流，帶動以后明清兩代的瓷器發(fā)展，得到很高的成就。,During the Yuan Dynasty, the porcelain industry was declined compared with that of the Song Dynasty. However, there were new developme

8、nts in this period, such as the rise of blue-and-white porcelain, the popularity of painted porcelain and the mainstream of whiteware . It all led to high development of porcelain in the Ming and Qing Dynasty, ushing high achievements.,我國的陶瓷藝術發(fā)展到了明代又進入一個新的旅程，明代以前的瓷器以青瓷為主，明代之后以白瓷為主。景德鎮(zhèn)成為主要的窯廠，規(guī)模最大，一直

9、延續(xù)明清兩代五、六百年而不衰，描寫當時盛況為“晝間白煙掩空，夜間紅焰燒天”。,In the Ming Dynasty, Chinas development of ceramic art reached a new level. Before the Ming Dynasty, the mainstream was the celadon and after that time was the white porcelain. Jingdezhen became the main kiln, with the largest scale. Its magnificent refulgence

10、had lasted from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, for five or six hundred years. And its pomp was praised porcelain making never stops no matter day or night.,清乾隆之后，景瓷生產(chǎn)從巔峰走向下坡路,產(chǎn)量、器質、品種、造型等呈萎縮狀態(tài)。鴉片戰(zhàn)爭之后，景瓷生產(chǎn)受到嚴重摧殘。延續(xù)500多年之久的御器廠壽終正寢。,After the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the pr

11、oduction of porcelain in Jingdezhen declined from peak to downhill. The yield, quality, variety and shape of porcelain all shrunk rapidly. After the Opium War the production of porcelain had been severely damaged. The imperial porcelain factory closed after working more than 500 years.,景德鎮(zhèn)有悠久的制瓷傳統(tǒng)，廣

12、大瓷工身懷絕技，在極其艱難困苦的情況下，堅持以手工技藝制瓷，堅持與外國機器制瓷相抗爭，保持了中國瓷器在國際上的美譽?，F(xiàn)代景德鎮(zhèn)的制瓷工藝繼承了傳統(tǒng)的技法,吸收和借鑒了國內(nèi)外的精華,使陶瓷制作達到了一個又一個的高度。,Jingdezhen has a long-standing tradition of porcelain making and the workers had superior skills. Facing the difficulties and hardships, they insisted on handmade and waged war against foreign

13、 porcelain manufactured by machine. With the efforts, they maintained the international reputation of Chinese porcelain. The modern porcelain crafts in Jingdezhen have inherited the traditional techniques and absorbed and appreciated the essence at home and abroad. The ceramics making reached the he

14、ight one after another.,1,2,3,煉泥 Milling,摞泥 Filter press,制坯 Green Making,制作流程 The firing process,4,5,6,7,貼花 Lithography,上釉 Glazing,修坯 Finishing,燒釉 Glost firing,景德鎮(zhèn)四大名瓷,青花瓷 Blue And White Porcelain,青花瓷創(chuàng)燒于元代，是以色料在坯胎上描繪紋樣，施釉后經(jīng)高溫燒成，釉色晶瑩、雅致。青料溶于胎釉之間，發(fā)色青翠，雖色相單一，但感覺豐富。青花瓷經(jīng)久耐用，瓷不碎，色不褪。,Blue and white porcel

15、ain was first appeared in the Yuan Dynasty. It was formed by using pigment to depict patterns on the green body and firing at high temperature after glazing. The glazing color is glittering and elegant. The green pigment dissolve in green body, showing a verdant color. Although it has single hue, it

16、 still gives people rich feeling. Blue and white porcelain is durable。it will not fade until broken,玲瓏瓷 Rice-pattern porcelain,玲瓏瓷是在明宣德年間鏤空工藝的基礎上創(chuàng)造和發(fā)展起來的，已有五百多年的歷史。這種瓷器既呈古樸、又顯清新，集高超的燒造技藝和精湛的雕刻藝術于一身，充分體現(xiàn)了古代勞動人民的聰明才智和藝術創(chuàng)造力。,Rice-pattern porcelain, created and developed on the basic of the hollow-carve

17、d techniques in the reign of Emperor Xuande of the Ming Dynasty, has a history more than five hundred years. This kind of porcelain not only appears quaint, but also looks fresh, combining the superb firing skills and exquisite carving arts. It fully embodies the ingenuity and artistic creativity of

18、 the ancient working people.,粉彩瓷 Famille-rose porcelain,粉彩亦稱軟彩，是瓷器的釉上裝飾，康熙晚期開始，到雍止、乾隆年代，益臻完善。有浮雕感，畫面充滿著濃郁的民族特色，有以中國歷史故事和神話為主的人物，有秀麗多彩的山水，有栩栩如生的花鳥翎毛，有工整對稱的幾何圖案等。,Famille-rose is the decoration on the glaze of porcelain. It was perfected gradually from late of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing D

19、ynasty. The surface of porcelain is full of rich national characteristics, with Chinese historical stories and mythology-based figures, beautiful and colorful landscapes, lifelike flowers and birds feathers, neat symmetrical geometric patterns.,顏色釉瓷 Colored glaze porcelain,顏色釉是中國瓷器中引人注目的藝術珠瑰寶和名瓷之一。不僅具有特殊的