1、商務(wù)英語(yǔ)口譯,徐鑫敏,Part One Interpreting Theories,History and present situation of interpreting “譯”、“寄”、“象”、“狄”、“通事”、“通譯” “巴黎和會(huì)” “國(guó)際譯協(xié) 口譯的定義和分類 口譯是一種通過聽取和解析來源語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的信息，隨即將其轉(zhuǎn)譯為目標(biāo)語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言符號(hào)，進(jìn)而達(dá)到傳遞信息之目的的言語(yǔ)交際活動(dòng)（梅德明，1996） 語(yǔ)言符號(hào)的轉(zhuǎn)換不僅涉及到語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和體系，文化背景知識(shí)，還涉及譯員的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力，反應(yīng)記憶能力和信息組合能力。 分類：即席翻譯（consecutive interpreting） 同聲傳譯（sim

2、ultaneous interpreting）,口譯的特點(diǎn) 即席性強(qiáng) extemporaneousness 壓力大 stressfulness 獨(dú)立性強(qiáng) independence 綜合性強(qiáng) comprehensiveness 知識(shí)面寬 miscellaneousness 口譯過程和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Procedures and Criteria of interpreting 聽（listening）記(memorizing) 思（processing） 表(delivering) Criteria： 達(dá)意accuracy 通順fluency 信 達(dá) 捷,對(duì)口譯人員的基本要求Basic requiremen

3、ts for interpreters: quite-witted, calm, resourceful 1) Strong sense of responsibility and good professional ethics 2) Linguistic competence and phonetic competence 3) Encyclopedic knowledge and subject knowledge 4) Outstanding memory and note-taking ability 5) Quite-wittedness 6) Cross-cultural awa

4、reness 7) Calmness,口譯技巧的訓(xùn)練和掌握Training and mastery of interpreting skills,1) Memory training a. Source language repetition b. Target language repetition c. Shadowing d. Logic analysis 2) Figure training 3) Note-taking 4) Sight interpreting 5) Training of various translation skills,Questions for Discu

5、ssion:,What is your comment on the importance of interpreting historically? How can you define “interpreting”? How many types of interpreting can you name, and what are their respective functions? What are the main features of interpreting? What are its criteria? Have a comparison of written transla

6、tion versus oral interpreting, and simultaneous interpreting versus consecutive interpreting.,口譯中的語(yǔ)體識(shí)別和對(duì)等轉(zhuǎn)換,語(yǔ)體理論概說 語(yǔ)體定義： 指同一語(yǔ)言品種（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)，方言，社會(huì)方言等）的使用者在不同的場(chǎng)合中典型地使用該語(yǔ)言品種的變體。 語(yǔ)體的特征取決于語(yǔ)境因素（語(yǔ)場(chǎng)，語(yǔ)旨，語(yǔ)式） 語(yǔ)體的雙向預(yù)測(cè)功能,語(yǔ)體識(shí)別與對(duì)等轉(zhuǎn)換在口譯中的重要性 五種不同語(yǔ)體：莊嚴(yán)（frozen）、正式（formal）、商議（consultative）、隨意(casual)、 隨意(intimate) e.g. It wa

7、s extremely gracious of you to have invited me to the reception, and I had bags of fun there. 前后語(yǔ)體不符,跨文化意識(shí)與口譯Interpreting and Cross cultural awareness,跨文化意識(shí)的概念 定義：在跨文化交際中，自覺和不自覺地形成的一種認(rèn)知標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和調(diào)節(jié)方法，或者說它指的是一種特有的思維方式、判斷能力以及對(duì)交際過程中文化因素的敏感性。 敏感認(rèn)知4個(gè)層次： A 對(duì)那些被認(rèn)作是怪異的表面文化現(xiàn)象的認(rèn)知； B 對(duì)那些與母語(yǔ)文化相反而又被認(rèn)為是不可思議又缺乏理念的顯著的文化特征

8、的認(rèn)知； C 通過理性分析從而取得對(duì)文化特征的認(rèn)知； D 從異文化持有者的角度感知異文化。 語(yǔ)言三大意義：指稱意義；語(yǔ)用意義；語(yǔ)言內(nèi)部意義,教材內(nèi)容,商務(wù)訪問 禮儀祝詞 商務(wù)談判 商務(wù)會(huì)議 新聞發(fā)布 新品推薦 商務(wù)訪談,國(guó)際交流 招商會(huì)展 旅游與文化 經(jīng)營(yíng)管理 金融證券 科技發(fā)展,教學(xué)活動(dòng),口譯準(zhǔn)備 口譯練習(xí)（記憶練習(xí)，視譯練習(xí)，筆記練習(xí)） 實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)（句型精練，篇章口譯） 補(bǔ)充練習(xí),第2章 商務(wù)訪問,Business Visit,Objectives,After reading this unit, you should understand the ways to identify the

9、main ideas of the source text. find ways to improve your interpreting skills and performance. master the basic words and expressions about business travel. know some cultural background knowledge about business travel.,Interpretation Lead-in,Background Introduction The host Deliver a speech(expressi

10、ng welcome to the guest, introducing the status quo, putting forward the expectation for the future) The guest Extend gratitude to the host for the hospitality received Sit down and discuss the mission of the trip,Interpratation Practice,Memory Practice I am delighted to be here and address the Worl

11、d Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2009. let me begin by thanking Chairman Schwab for his kind invitation and thoughtful arrangements. This annual meeting has a special significance. Amidst a global financial crisis rarely seen in history, it brings together government leaders, business people, experts

12、 and scholars of different countries to jointly explore ways to maintain international financial stability, promote world economic growth and better address global issues.,Sight interpretation,Paragraph 1 International Olympic Committee 國(guó)際奧林匹克委員會(huì)(=COI) The National Games 全運(yùn)會(huì) Rehearsal 演練 Further 進(jìn)一步

13、；促進(jìn) Enhance 促進(jìn)，增強(qiáng)，加強(qiáng) Implement 生效，貫徹，執(zhí)行 Attach great importance 十分重視 Extend full support 全力支持 Spare no efforts 不遺余力，盡力,Paragraph 2 總裁 president 到任 assume a post/office 西門子全球媒體峰會(huì) Siemens Global Media Summit 協(xié)同工作 coordinate with 危難之時(shí) at a critical time 商業(yè)賄賂丑聞 commercial bribery scandal,Note-taking,Pas

14、sage 1 Sino-US ties 中美關(guān)系 Mutual understanding, mutual trust, cooperation相互理解，相互信任，合作 Conductive有助于 The Chinese Foreign Ministery 中國(guó)外交部 Expand common interest 擴(kuò)大共識(shí) Win-win situation of mutual benefit互利共贏局面 Populous 人口眾多的,Bush 3-day BJ tie 理解 互信 合作 Vice minister Yang Jiechi 頻繁互訪 共識(shí) 互利 40h 11.20 Wen 25

15、m job 機(jī)會(huì) 1.3b 人 No easy,Passage 2 香港教育界科技人員考察團(tuán) the delegation of HK education sector 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué) Harbin Institute of Technology 中央駐港聯(lián)絡(luò)辦公室領(lǐng)導(dǎo) officers of the Liaison Office of the Central Peoples Government in HK SAR 省科協(xié) Provincial Science and Technology Association 省教育廳 Provincial Education Bureau 港澳臺(tái)辦主任

16、 the director of Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan Affairs Office 令人矚目的成績(jī) make remarkable achivements 融合 harmony,notes,慶回歸，港28 7.5. 哈工大 王福平 met 陪同 中央駐港聯(lián)絡(luò)辦 省科協(xié) 教育廳 港澳臺(tái)辦主任 Speech welcome 10y achivement applaude Prosperous stronger exchange harmony,Field Interpretation,Sentences in focus 我非常高興今天早上能夠來到這里，宣布中國(guó)西部國(guó)

17、際經(jīng)貿(mào)洽談會(huì)召開。我要感謝四川省人民政府邀請(qǐng)我們參加這次重大的盛會(huì)。 我很榮幸能夠在中國(guó)人民大會(huì)堂講話。國(guó)際勞工組織非常高興能夠和社會(huì)與勞動(dòng)保障部共同組織這次活動(dòng)。 在此，我想對(duì)所有與會(huì)專家和代表的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)难芯繎B(tài)度，嚴(yán)肅的學(xué)術(shù)討論和不懈的研究工作表示深深的敬意。 在我們的共同努力下，討論已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了交流和尋求未來機(jī)遇的目標(biāo)。我們不僅在會(huì)上討論了問題， 在會(huì)后也交換了意見，并且決定將進(jìn)一步合作。,最后，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我代表組委會(huì)對(duì)所有尊貴的來賓和代表表示感謝，謝謝你們來參加這次會(huì)議。由于你們的支持和幫助，我們的會(huì)議取得了圓滿成功。 非常感謝您的盛情款待。但是我們這次訪問貴公司所期望的還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止這些。我知道我

18、們之間存在一些誤解，希望今天的交流能夠讓我們更好的了解彼此，克服障礙。 我十分高興我們的訪問取得了如此大的成功。相信我們所建立的合作將會(huì)帶領(lǐng)我們實(shí)現(xiàn)雙贏。而且，也衷心希望我們的合作能夠永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去。 我祝愿你們的事業(yè)在今天，在未來的歲月中都能夠蓬勃發(fā)展。,I am very pleased to take part in todays events, and I am truly honored to have this opportunity of exchanging with elites in this industry and discussing the blueprint for

19、 development. Taking this opportunity, Id like to thank our association and all the friends in this industry for your concern, support and caring to our company. I sincerely hope that this coorperation and friendship can last forever and consistantly make achievements. I sincerely wish that friends

20、present today can continue enhancing understanding, friendship and coorperation as well as making joint development, with greater passion, better service and stronger performance, we can return more to you and to our society.,I want to express my gratitude to the host for giving us such a wonderful

21、chance to have a platform for communication. I feel honored to visit this beautiful city for the first time. Taking this opportunity, please allow me, on behalf of all my delegation, to extend our sincere appreciation to the host for the hospitality. There was a poet in ancient China who once said, “Long distance