1、中考英語語法,第十三講 狀語從句,第一部分：知識儲備,狀語從句的知識儲備,1、時態(tài)（參看第二講）,2、從句的三個必須（參看第11講）,3、句子結(jié)構(gòu)（參看第一講）,現(xiàn)在,過去,狀語從句是如何出題的？,時間狀語從句是關(guān)鍵,其他狀語從句重點記憶連接詞,什么是狀語？,什么是從句？,表示時間、地點、原因、目的 We sleep at night at home.,必須符合“從句的三個必須” 必須是句子；必須有連接詞；必須是陳述句,請參考本網(wǎng)站“簡單句結(jié)構(gòu)-主謂賓”、 “從句基礎(chǔ)篇從句的三個必須”視頻,什么是狀語從句？,用一個句子充當狀語成分，那個句子 就是狀語從句。,I get up,at six,wh

2、en it is dark.,I get up,at school,where I study.,定義,狀語從句 狀語從句同副詞，介詞詞組等作狀語一樣，用于修飾謂語，說明謂語動作的時間，地點，方式，手段，條件，程度，比較，原因，目的，結(jié)果等 I get up at 6:00 It is dark I get up when it is dark,第二部分：狀語從句的類別,狀語從句分類,表示時間 表示地點 表示原因 表示結(jié)果 表示目的 表示條件 表示讓步 表示比較,返回,表示時間,一、時間狀語從句 When, as ,while, before, after, till, Until, as s

3、oon as, The moment, the minute, the first time. （名詞性短語）,E.G. When/As he was eating his breakfast, he heard the door bell ring. While I was reading, he was playing. 3. The mother didnt go to bed until her little daughter returned home last night. 昨晚母親等到她的小女兒回家才睡覺。,表示地點,二、地點狀語從句 引導地點狀語從句的主要有:where, wh

4、erever及- where構(gòu)成的復合詞。,EG: We shall go where people are kind. Just stay where you are. We received a warm welcome everywhere we arrived. 我們每到一個地方都受到了熱烈的歡迎。,表示原因,三、原因狀語從句 最常用的連詞是: because， since， as， now （that）等,because, as, since, for,語氣 位置意義 because 最強前或后 “原因”；表客觀因果關(guān)系；回答“” as較強 前 “由于”；把眾人所知的事實當作理由 s

5、ince 較弱 前 “既然”；就對方陳述的事實作為理由 for 最弱 后 “理由”；對某一事實進行推斷的理由 注：上面所說的“前”，指從句在主句之前；“后”，指從句在主句之后。,EG: He is absent today because he was ill. As it is snowing，we shall not go out. You couldnt see him, for he wasnt there.（不句首） 4. Since you are ill, I will go alone.,表示結(jié)果,四、結(jié)果狀語從句 可以由 so that， so.that， such.that

6、,so that, sothat, suchthat,so that“以便”、“結(jié)果”表目的和結(jié)果。 注意：在從句中有情態(tài)動詞表目的。無情態(tài)動詞表結(jié)果。 sothat “如此的以致于”表結(jié)果。該結(jié)構(gòu)常見于： 1.so+形副that2.so+形a(an)單數(shù)名詞that3.somany/much復數(shù)名詞（不可數(shù)名詞）+that suchthat“如此的以致于”表結(jié)果。該結(jié)構(gòu)常見于： 1.sucha(an)形名詞that2.such形復數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞that,E.G. He was so angry that he left the room without a word. 他很生氣,一句話不說

7、就離開了房間。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. The box is so heavy that nobody can move it. The box is so heavy as nobody can move . I didnt go early, so that I didnt get a seat.,表示目的,四、目的狀語從句 主要的引導詞有: so that， in order that， 目的狀語從句常常含有情態(tài)動詞。,E.G. They are hurrying so that / in order that th

8、ey may not miss the train. 他們?yōu)榱粟s上火車而匆匆忙忙。 He works hard in order that / so that he can serve his country well.,表示條件,五、條件狀語從句 最常用的引導詞有: if， if only（if 的強調(diào)式）, unless (= if not)， as long as， so long as,E.G. As long as I live, I shall work hard. You cant learn it well unless you work hard. If you want t

9、o know ,I can tell you.,表示讓步,六、讓步狀語從句 主要的引導詞有: though， although，as even if， even though however, Whatever , whenever等,though, although, as,though, although在句首表“盡管”兩者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。 下列情況只能用though： as though (=as if); even if (=even though) 在句末表示“然而” as表示“盡管”，從句的表語、狀語等成分要倒裝。,whatever, however, wherev

10、er, whenever,它們是what, how, where, when的強勢語氣。分別等于： no matter what, no matter how no matter where, no matter when,E.G. I wont mind even if (though) he doesnt come. Though it was cold, she went out without an overcoat. Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. Whether it shines or rains, I will go. No mat

11、ter who / whoever comes here, I will not let him in. you can take whatever you like.,表示比較,八、比較狀語從句 主要由 than， as.as, the morethe more 這類從句常常有一些成分沒有表示出來:,E.G. The more you eat, the fatter you are. John is less clever than Tom. He is not so/as clever as his brother.,第三部分：三組（5種）時間狀語從句,前引：根據(jù)主從句的三種時間關(guān)系，分為

12、主 從句同時發(fā)生、主從句都沒有發(fā)生、主從句一前一后發(fā)生三類句型， 每種句型分別對應(yīng)獨特的句式,三類時間,1、主從句同時發(fā)生,2、主從句都沒有發(fā)生,3、主從句一前一后發(fā)生,What were you doing when the UFO arrived?,What are you doing when the UFO arrives?,I would leave if he came.,I will leave if he comes.,The train had been away when I arrived.,過去配過去,過去配過去,現(xiàn)在配現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在配現(xiàn)在,前引：根據(jù)主從句的三種時間關(guān)系，

13、分為主 從句同時發(fā)生、主從句都沒有發(fā)生、主從句一前一后發(fā)生三類句型， 每種句型分別對應(yīng)獨特的句式,三類時間,1、主從句同時發(fā)生,2、主從句都沒有發(fā)生,3、主從句一前一后發(fā)生,過去類：.過去進行 when 一般過去,現(xiàn)在類：現(xiàn)在進行 when 一般現(xiàn)在,過去類：過去將來 when 一般過去,現(xiàn)在類：一般將來when 一般現(xiàn)在,過去完成 when 一般過去,練習翻譯,1當小明做作業(yè)時，他的媽媽在做飯. Xiaomings mom was cooking when he did his homework. 2那天，當小明做作業(yè)時，他的媽媽在做飯 That day, Xiaomings mom was

14、 cooking when he did his homework. 3他一來我就走(as soon as) I will leave as soon as he comes. 4那天，他一來我就走(as soon as) That day, I would leave as soon as he came. 5當他出門時，雨已經(jīng)下了兩個小時了. It had been rainy for 2 hours when he went out.,第四部分：典型題目與歷年真題,1 _ they had worked for along time, everyone looked tired. A W

15、hile B After C Unless D For 2 He has been a teacher _ he came to the country. A since B until C as D when,3 He has had to cook by himself _ his mother went on business to Beijing. A during B since C after Dwhen 4 It is ten years _ I saw you last time. A since B when C that D if,5 He always thinks Im

16、 wrong, _ I may say. A no matter whatever B whatever C what D that 6 _ , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A However late is he B However he is late C However is he late D However late he is,7 You should run the machine _ the workers has shown you. A as B and C but Dso 8 You shall ha

17、ve the book _ I have read it. A so that B though C as soon asD since,9 The man put on a overcoat _ keep himself warm. A that B so that to C in order that Din order to 10 He has changed so much _ I can hardly recognize him. A as B so that C that Dbut,11 Wounded _ he was, he refused to come back from

18、the front. A as B though C although Dboth A and B 12 Well both wait here _ you get back. A so that B that C until Dfor,13 Some people want to go hunting, _ others want to go finishing. A or B because C while D since 14 Bad habits, _ formed, are difficult to get rid of. A and B once C or D but,15 You

19、 must get up early in the morning, _ well have to start out without you. A and B or C but D so that 16 Would you please wait _ I come back. A if B when C because Dtill,17 He couldnt come _ he wanted to. A as B because C although Dfor 18 _ you gave a party and no one come, what would you do? A Althou

20、gh B If C Unless DWhen,19 You may borrow the book _ you keep it clean. A as long as B when C after D unless 20. John plays football _ , if not better than, David. A as well B as well as C so well D so well as,(三)狀語從句中考真題,1. its difficult to make her dream come true, she never gives up. A. Though B.

21、Unless C. Because D. If 2. Its quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers people get off the bus. A.After B. since C. until D. when 3. Your dream wont come true you know what your dream is. A.After B. unless C. while D. since,4. -How was your climbing on Mount Tai? -I didnt believe I

22、could do it I got to the top. A. until B. unless C.After D. when 5. I arrived at the airport the plane had taken off. A.After B. while C. when D. before 6. the water was cold, Wei Qinggang jumped into it to save others. A.Although B. When C. If D. Because,7. We wont start the meeting our teacher arr

23、ives. A. though B. until C. while D. or 8. We will have no water to drink we dont protect the earth. A. until B. before C. though D. if 9. Jane, please turn off the lights you leave the classroom. A.After B. before C. until D. but,10. We have to get up at 7:15 tomorrow morning, _we will be late for

24、the 7:40 train. A. before B. or C. if D. so 11. My grandfather is very old, he never stops learning. A. than B. though C. but D. unless 12. -Where was your brother at this time last night? -He was writing an e-mail I was watching TV at home. A.As soon as B.After C. until D. while 13. Ill park the ca

25、r at Pacific Place, the car park there is full. A. unless B. if C. when D.After,14. they arrived early at the airport, they nearly missed their fight. A .If B. Because C.As soon as D.Although 15. We have been good friends we joined the same ping-pong team. A.After B. before C. since D. until 16. Bil

26、l, you have finished your homework, lets go to fly kites now. A. though B.After C. before D. since,(三)狀語從句中考真題 1.A.考點分析:though引導讓步狀語從句，“雖然”，不與but連用，意思可表示 “雖然但是”，故不與轉(zhuǎn)折意思的關(guān)系詞連用，并且一般置于句首。 2.D.考點分析:when引導時間狀語從句，一般與過去的時間狀語連用，“當?shù)臅r候”， 3.B.考點分析:unless “除非”， 除非你知道自己的夢想是什么，否則你的夢想將不會實現(xiàn)。 4.C.考點分析:or “否則”，湯姆，遠離火，否則你將被燒傷。 5.A.考點分析:not.until“直到才”，直到我到山頂，我才相信我能夠爬到山頂，否則我是不相信的。 6.B.考點分析:or “否則”，小心，否則你將在考試中犯錯誤。 7.A.考點分析:After“以后”，與過去時間狀語連用.我到飛機場的時候，飛機已經(jīng)起飛了。 8.A.考點分析:Although