1、,人教修訂版 高中一年級(下) Unit 16,Grammar,構(gòu)詞法 (Word Formation),Word Formation 構(gòu)詞法,Derivation 派生,Conversion 轉(zhuǎn)化,Compounding 合成,合成 (Compounding),由兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞，有的用連字符“-”，有的直接連在一起構(gòu)成新詞的方法叫合成法。英語中的合成詞以合成名詞和合成形容詞為多, 也有少量合成動詞和合成副詞。,I. Noun compounds 1. noun + noun basket(籃子) + ball(球) = basketball(籃球) house(屋子) + work

2、(勞動) = housework(家務(wù)勞動) news(消息) + paper(紙) = newspaper(報紙),e.g. bedclothes 床上用品 woodcutter 樵夫 battlefield 戰(zhàn)場 school-leaver 畢業(yè)生 2. adj. + noun black(黑色的) + board (木板) =blackboard 黑板,English(英國的) + man(人) = Englishman 英國人 loud(大聲的) + speaker(說者) = loudspeaker 揚聲器 e.g. freeway 高速公路 shortwave 短波 mainlan

3、d 大陸 hard-seat 硬座,3. adv./ prep. + noun after + noon e.g. overcoat 外套；大衣 inland 內(nèi)陸 4. noun + v-ing sight + seeing e.g. horse racing 騎馬 tape recording 錄音帶,= sightseeing 觀光,= afternoon,5. v. + adv. get + together = get-together 聚會 II. Adjective compounds 1. noun. + adj. world + famous = world-famous 世

4、界聞名的 e.g. radioactive 放射性的,2. adj. + adj. reddish(微紅) + brown = reddish-brown 紅棕色 3. n. / adj. + noun easy + going = easy-going 隨和的 e.g. fun-loving 愛開玩笑的,4. n. / adj. + p.p. man + made = man-made 人造的 e.g. sunburnt 陽光燒傷的 widespread 廣泛傳播的 illformed 不規(guī)范的,5. noun /adj. + noun + ed kind + heart + ed = ki

5、nd-hearted 好心的 blue + eye + ed = blue-eyed 藍眼睛的 cold + blood + ed = cold-blooded 冷血的,e.g. glass-topped 璃罩著的 simple-minded 頭腦簡單的 right-handed 慣用右手的 6. adv. (pronoun. / numeral) + noun every + day e.g. underground 地下的 secondhand 二手（貨）,= everyday,III. adv. / preposition compounds 1. adv. / preposition

6、+ noun. in + side = inside down + stairs = downstairs 在樓下 e.g. downhill 下坡的 / 地 ；向下的 / 地,IV. verb adv. + verb under + line under + stand Attention: 有時合成詞不是直接按字面意思推出來的。如 loudspeaker不是“大聲說話的人”，而是“揚聲器”。,= underline 劃下線于,= understand 理解,Ex. 1 on P91,teamwork doorbell seafood sunglasses,n. + n. n.,cupboa

7、rd schoolyard farmland salesgirl keyboard,workplace moonlight spaceship baseball,adj. + n. n. best-seller greenhouse adj. + n. adj. part-time prep. + n. adj. outdoor underground,loudspeaker,mainland,second-hand,halfway,upstairs,outside,undersea,Ex.2 on P91,1. undersea 2. wheelchair man-made 3. high school boyfriend friendship, seafood, chairman, schoolboy,4. homework bookshop shop window window shopping