1、Unit 1 How can we become good learners？詞句精講精練【詞匯精講】1. finishfinish意為“完成，結(jié)束”，作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。即：finish sth.或finish doing sth.。例如： I finished my homework this morning. 我今天上午做完了作業(yè)。 When did you finish drawing the picture? 你什么時(shí)候畫(huà)完那幅畫(huà)的？【拓展】 能接v.-ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。practice doing

2、 sth. 練習(xí)做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事keep doing sth. 一直做某事2. afraid（1）be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”，be afraid 之后可接不定式，也可接名詞、代詞或of doing sth.。例如：She was afraid to tell you. 她害怕告訴你。She is afraid of going out alone late at night. 她很怕深夜獨(dú)自外出。Im afraid of the dog. 我怕狗。（2）但若要表示擔(dān)心可能會(huì)發(fā)生某事，則只能用

3、be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。例如：Im afraid of being late for class. 我擔(dān)心上課遲到。（3）be afraid后可接that從句。例如：He is afraid that his father will be unhappy. 他擔(dān)心他的爸爸會(huì)不高興。3. realize（1) realize作為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“認(rèn)識(shí)到，了解”。例如：He didnt realize his mistake until his mother told him.直到媽媽告訴他，他才認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。I didnt realize

4、how late it was. 我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到天已經(jīng)那么晚了。When he realized what had happened, he was sorry. 當(dāng)他明白發(fā)生了什么事時(shí)，他感到很難過(guò)。（2) realize還可以表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)；完成”的意思。例如： The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress.那個(gè)女孩當(dāng)演員的夢(mèng)想終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了?！就卣埂縭ealize與recognize這兩個(gè)詞都有“認(rèn)識(shí),識(shí)別”的意思，但在具體用法上又有所差別。（1）recognize也可以用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“認(rèn)出, 辨認(rèn)”的意思。例如：I re

5、cognized his voice. 我辨認(rèn)出了他的聲音。I recognized her as my friends daughter. 我認(rèn)出了她是我朋友的女兒。（2）recognize還可以表示“清楚知道；認(rèn)定”的意思。例如：I recognized him to be cleverer than I am. 我認(rèn)識(shí)到他比我聰明。4. improveimprove既可以作及物動(dòng)詞，也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“改進(jìn)，提高，改善”，表示某事或某種情況逐漸好轉(zhuǎn)。例如：Their French has improved a lot. 他們的法語(yǔ)進(jìn)步很大。We havent discovered

6、how to improve it. 我們還沒(méi)找到如何改進(jìn)它的辦法。Youd better work out a plan to improve your writing skills. 你最好制定一個(gè)提高寫(xiě)作能力的計(jì)劃。We are always seeking to improve productivity. 我們一直在設(shè)法提高生產(chǎn)率。5.discoverdiscover通常用作及物動(dòng)詞，主要用法有：（1）表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”某一具體的東西，后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。例如：Who discovered America? 誰(shuí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲?It was discovered among waste pape

7、r. 這是在廢紙中發(fā)現(xiàn)的。（2） 表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”某一情況，其后可以接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)或特殊疑問(wèn)詞+不定式作賓語(yǔ)。例如：We soon discovered the truth. 我們很快發(fā)現(xiàn)了事實(shí)真相。We discovered her to be a good cook. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她很會(huì)煮飯。We havent discovered how to improve it. 我們還沒(méi)找到如何改進(jìn)它的辦法?！就卣埂?辨析：discover，find及invent（1）discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺(jué)(原先沒(méi)看見(jiàn)或不知道的事物)”。He discovered electricity.

8、他發(fā)現(xiàn)了電。（2）find 意為“找到；得到，求得”。I can find the answer to the question. 我找到了問(wèn)題的答案。（3）invent 意為“發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造”。He invented the first electric clock. 他發(fā)明了第一個(gè)電動(dòng)機(jī)械鐘。6.look uplook up 意為“（在詞典或參考書(shū)中）查閱，檢查”，其后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)，名詞可放在look和up之間，也可放在look up 之后；如果代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則只能放在look和up之間。例如：Look up the word in the book, and you will know its

9、 meaning.在書(shū)中查查這個(gè)詞，你就知道它的意思了。Please look them up in the dictionary carefully. 請(qǐng)仔細(xì)在詞典中查一下它們。 【拓展】look 的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)： look up(在字典、參考書(shū)中)查詢(xún)所需的信息 look for尋找 look over(醫(yī)生)仔細(xì)檢查 look around 環(huán)顧四周 look after照看 look at 看 look down on 看不起7.patient(1) patient作形容詞，意為“有耐心的, 能忍受的”，后接with/of。Hes a very patient man. 他是個(gè)很有耐心的人

10、。(2) patient作名詞，意為“病人”。The doctor is very patient with his patients. 那位醫(yī)師對(duì)病人十分耐心。Would you mind making some room for the patient?請(qǐng)你給這位病人讓點(diǎn)兒地方出來(lái)行嗎？8.create(1) create作動(dòng)詞，意為“創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作，創(chuàng)建”。God creates human beings. 上帝創(chuàng)造了人類(lèi)。An artist should create beautiful things. 一個(gè)藝術(shù)家應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造美麗的東西。It is people who create hist

11、ory. 是人民創(chuàng)造了歷史?！就卣埂縞reative作形容詞，意為“有創(chuàng)造性的，有創(chuàng)意的”。Yoga releases the creative potential in life. 瑜伽釋放出生命中創(chuàng)造的潛力。Pay close attention to your own creative ideas. 時(shí)刻關(guān)注自己創(chuàng)造性的想法?！驹~匯精練】I. 英漢詞組互譯。1犯錯(cuò)誤 _ 2依賴(lài)；取決于 _ 3對(duì)感興趣 _ 4即使 _ 5in common _ 6pay attention to _ 7each other _ 8find out _ II. 根據(jù)首字母提示補(bǔ)全句子。1Please rea

12、d the passage a_，so that we can hear you clearly 2. Every morning，he practices p_English words to improve his spoken English 3Sorry，I cant follow youWould you please speak more s_?4Little Tom did well in the English examHe hardly made any m_ 5This T-shirt is small for meCan you show me a_ one? 6I ha

13、d a long c_ with her the other day 7Lets climb the mountains if it doesnt rain tomorrow That s_ great 8I h_ my pen in my pocketNobody couldnt find it III. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。1His _(發(fā)音)is very good and he speaks English very well 2How to _(提高) English is important to us 3Im sorry I cant understand your _(口語(yǔ))

14、English 4At _(首先)，you should be confident 5She is very _(耐心的)with young children IV. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Mary thought that (memorize) the words of songs could help her a little about Chinese learning.2. I have to (practice) the piano for hours every day. Its really (frustrate).3. Can you teach me how

15、(use) the computer?4. Julie is afraid of (go) out in the evening.5. Why not _(join)an English language club to practice speaking English?6. My sister has made a lot of _(mistake) in her exam paper.7Dont give it upYoull be _(succeed) some day8Its not enough for us _(study)hardWe also need good learni

16、ng habitsV. 聽(tīng)力鏈接。（2017 北京昌平區(qū)期末）聽(tīng)獨(dú)白，記錄關(guān)鍵信息，獨(dú)白你將聽(tīng)兩遍。請(qǐng)根據(jù)所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容和提示詞語(yǔ)，將所缺的關(guān)鍵信息填寫(xiě)在答題卡的相應(yīng)位上。 Telephone message for School PicnicWhere to go:Rose Mountain 1_How to go:By 2_When& where to meet: At 3_, in front of the school 4_What to take: The game book and some 5_【參考答案】I. 英漢詞組互譯。1. make a mistake/ make mist

17、akes 2. depend on 3. be interested in4. even though/even if 5. 共同地 6. 注意 7. 互相 8. 查明；發(fā)現(xiàn)II. 根據(jù)首字母提示補(bǔ)全句子。1. aloud 2. pronouncing 3. slowly 4. mistakes5. another 6. conversation 7. sounds 8.hidIII.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成下列句子。1. pronunciation 2. improve 3.spoken 4. first 5. patientIV. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空。1. memorizing 2. p

18、ractice，frustrating 3. to use 4.going 5.join 6.mistakes 7. successful 8. to study V. 聽(tīng)力鏈接。答案：1. Park2. bike3. 8:304. gate 5. apples聽(tīng)力原文：( di du answering machine says)M: Hello, this is Bill. Im not at home at the moment. Please leave a message when theres a need. Thank you.W: Hello, Bill. This is Ma

19、ry. Im calling to remind you were going to the Rose Mountain Park to have our school picnic tomorrow. The park is not so far, so well go by bike. Thats to say, we can enjoy the beautiful scenes along the way. Mr. Brown will be waiting for us at 8:30 in front of our school gate. Make sure that you co

20、me on time! He doesnt like being late! By the way, dont forget to take the game book and some apples with you. Well play some interesting apple games there. I hope our team will win! Its important for us to win this time because we wont have another chance to beat the others in this term! See you to

21、morrow morning, then. 【句式精講】1. Im a little nervous.(1）little 和a little都意為“一點(diǎn)”，可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。前者表示否定，即“幾乎沒(méi)有”。后者表示肯定，即 “有一點(diǎn)”。 I have only a little money. 我只有一點(diǎn)錢(qián)。 There is little milk in the fridge. 冰箱里沒(méi)有牛奶了。( 2）a little還可以修飾形容詞和副詞，相當(dāng)于a bit，意為“有點(diǎn)”。 Im a little tired. I want to sleep. 我有點(diǎn)累了，我想睡了。 The weather

22、 is a little cold. 天有點(diǎn)冷。2. Dont read word by word.(1) 該句是一個(gè)祈使句，省略了句子的主語(yǔ)you，以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，表示命令、邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求等語(yǔ)氣。有時(shí)為了表達(dá)較委婉或客氣的語(yǔ)氣，可在句子開(kāi)頭或末尾加please。例如： Open the door, please! 請(qǐng)打開(kāi)門(mén)。 Come in, please. 請(qǐng)進(jìn)。 (2）祈使句的否定句，一般在句子開(kāi)頭加dont即可。例如： Save the document before you turn off the computer. （肯定句） 關(guān)電腦之前保存一下文件。 Dont forget to

23、save the document before you turn off the computer. （否定句） 關(guān)電腦之前別忘了保存文件?？谠E： 祈使句，祈使句，請(qǐng)求，命令或建議； 動(dòng)詞原形來(lái)開(kāi)頭，主語(yǔ)是you常省去； 若要構(gòu)成否定句，句首Dont別客氣； 要使語(yǔ)氣更委婉，please前后均可以。3. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habit. （1）本句是whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，意為“是否”，很多時(shí)候whether可以和if互換，但是在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)一般用whe

24、ther不用if。例如：Whether it is true remains a question.(主語(yǔ)從句)那是不是真的還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。The question is whether it is true.(表語(yǔ)從句)問(wèn)題是是不是真的。We have a doubt whether it is true.(同位語(yǔ)從句) 我們懷疑那是不是真的。（2）if常引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示“是否”之意。當(dāng)把一般疑問(wèn)句的直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用if或whether作引導(dǎo)詞。例如： I asked her, “Do you study English here?” 我問(wèn)她：“你在這里學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)嗎？” I ask

25、ed her if/ whether she studied English there. 我問(wèn)她是否在那里學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。【拓展】if和whether的辨析： if和whether均可表示“是否”，一般情況下二者可以互換。但在下列條件下，只能用whether而不能用if： （1) if后不能直接接or not。 （2) whether可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 （3) whether后可接不定式。 （4) whether可用于句首。 （5) whether可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句。例如：Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切都取決于我們是

26、否有足夠的錢(qián)。Whether it is right or wrong, I dont know. 正確與否，我不知道。It doesnt matter whether he will come or not. 他來(lái)不來(lái)沒(méi)關(guān)系。4. The more you read, the faster youll be.“The 形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)，the 形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)”這個(gè)句型是形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)的疊加用法，表示一方的程度隨著另一方的程度平行增長(zhǎng)，意思是“越.，（就）越.”。例如：The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you

27、ll make. 你越小心，出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題就越少?！就卣埂苛韮煞N表示比較的句型：（1）形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)and形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)這種句型表示事物本身程度的逐漸增長(zhǎng)，意思是“越來(lái)越.”。 例如：longer and longer 越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)； more and more beautiful 越來(lái)越漂亮。（2）as+ 形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+ as.這個(gè)句型表示同級(jí)比較，即比較的結(jié)果是一樣的，在as和as的中間用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)。在否定句中既可以用not as. as.，也可以用not so. as.，表示前者不如后者。例如：He is as tall as my brother. 他和我的弟弟一樣高

28、。It is not as/ so warm as it was yesterday. 今天不如昨天暖和。5. I also realize I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words.（1）介詞by的意思是“由、靠、用、通過(guò)”，by后面用名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ),表示通過(guò)某種手段做某事。例如：We study English by talking with foreigners. 我們通過(guò)與外國(guó)人談話來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。（2）by后面用表示交通工具的名詞時(shí)不用冠詞，表示乘坐某種交通工具的意思。如：by car 乘小汽車(chē)

29、， by air 乘飛機(jī)，by sea 乘（海）船，by plane 乘飛機(jī)等。They go to work by bus. 他們乘坐公共汽車(chē)上班?！揪涫骄殹縄. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，按要求完成下列句子。1. Alice studies for tests by listening to tapes.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）_ _ Alice _ for tests?2. The best way to learn English is using English.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）_ _ the best way to learn English?3. Ann often writes vocabula

30、ry lists.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)_ Ann often _ vocabulary lists?4. I was too excited to sleep last night.（改為同義句） I was _ _ that I couldnt sleep last night.5. It is sunny. We wont have a picnic.(用unless改寫(xiě)句子) _6She was afraid of asking questions(改為同義句) She was afraid _ _ questionsII. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，完成句子。1我通過(guò)給筆友寫(xiě)電子郵件來(lái)提高我的寫(xiě)作能

31、力。 I improve my writing skills _ _ mails _ my pen pals.2莉莉沒(méi)有跟她練英語(yǔ)的伙伴。 Lily _ _ a partner _ _ English _3優(yōu)秀的學(xué)習(xí)者經(jīng)常會(huì)把他們必須學(xué)習(xí)的東西與他們感興趣的東西聯(lián)系起來(lái)。 Good learners often _ _ they need to learn _ _ _4貝爾通過(guò)嘗試很多次獲得了成功。 Bell _ by _ many _.5如果你對(duì)某事物感興趣，你的大腦就會(huì)更活躍。 If you _ _ _ something，your brain _ _ more active.6你為什么不

32、向老師求助呢? Why dont you _ the teacher _some help?7你讀得越多，就會(huì)讀得越快。 The more you read，_ _ youll be8. 后來(lái)，我意識(shí)到錯(cuò)了。_ _, I _ I was wrong. 9. 我說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候根本不怕犯錯(cuò)誤。 Im_ _ _makingmistakes_ _whenIspeakEnglish.10.最好的減肥方法就是少吃多運(yùn)動(dòng)。_ _ _oflosingweightistoeatlessanddo_exercise.III. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。（2016黃岡市中考）根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑捳Z(yǔ)完成對(duì)話。(A)A: Hey, Bi

33、ll, _（1）？B: Oh, Im thinking about life in the countryside.A: _（2）?B: Yeah, I like it very much. In the countryside, the air is fresh, the sky is bluer, and there are also green trees and clearer rivers.A: Its quieter, too. People can enjoy the beauties of nature there.(B)A: _（3）！B: So it is. The wind is blowing strongly with lots of