1、Inversion,一、概述： 英語句子的基本語序是主語在前，謂語動(dòng)詞在后，當(dāng)語序顛倒時(shí)就成了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。把謂語的全部放在主語之前稱為完全倒裝；而只把助動(dòng)詞,be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語之前，則稱為部分倒裝或半倒裝。,語法精解,二、全部倒裝句有：,1. here, there, then, in, out, away, up, down, off, into, 等副詞置于句首時(shí)，當(dāng)其主語為名詞時(shí)，通常要使用倒裝。例如： a. There goes the bell. b. Then came the chairman. c. Here is your letter. d. Away went th

2、e boy to the school! e. Off goes the woman! f. There lived an old fisherman near the sea. g. There stands a tall building in the centre of the town.,注意：,Here he comes. Away they went.,代詞作主語時(shí), 主謂語序不變。,2. 當(dāng)句首狀語是表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí),也常引起全部倒裝。,South of the city lies a big steel factory. From the valley came a fri

3、ghtening sound. Under the tree stands a little boy.,劃線的均是表示地點(diǎn)狀語的介詞詞組, 并且是位于句首。,3. 表語置于句首時(shí)，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)采用“表語 連系動(dòng)詞主語”的結(jié)構(gòu),形容詞連系動(dòng)詞主語 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 分詞連系動(dòng)詞主語 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked . 介詞短語連系動(dòng)詞主語 Among the goods are

4、Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.,三、部分倒裝句（半倒裝）有:,1. 疑問句 a. Have you seen the film? b. When are we going to drink to your happiness? 注意：如疑問詞在句中做主語，則用自然語序。 c. Who is your sister? d. What is our work?,2. 用于 only+狀語開頭的句子（only+副詞介詞短語狀語從句）,Only in this way can you learn English well. Only when h

5、e told me did I realize what trouble he was in. Only then did I begin my work.,注意:如果only修飾的是句子主語時(shí)。不倒裝。Only he can help us.,3. 用于not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely(幾乎不）, little, nowhere, at no time（決不）, in no way（決不）, in no case（決不）,by no means(決不），not only 等否定詞開頭的句里 Never shall I do this again. At

6、 no time can you say “ no” to the order. Little do I dream I would see you here.,Not only,but also,連接兩個(gè)句子時(shí)，not only 后的句子半倒裝，but also 后不倒裝（前倒后不倒）,Not only was there no electricity, but also no water. Not only does he like English but I also like English. .,Not only he but also I like English,連接主語時(shí)不倒裝

7、,注意：,用于 No sooner than, Hardly when (一就）和 Not until 放與句首的句型中,注意：,Hardly had I gone out when it began to rain. No sooner had I gone out than it began to rain. Hardly when No sooner than （時(shí)態(tài)固定，過去完成時(shí)必須半倒裝） Not until he came back did I leave. （ Not until 放與句首，從句不倒裝，主句半倒裝）,+過去完成時(shí),+過去時(shí),后倒前不倒,4. so, neithe

8、r, nor表示前面所述一件事也適合另一個(gè)人或物時(shí). So用于肯定句,neither/nor用于否定句.此句謂語應(yīng)與前句謂語的時(shí)態(tài)形式一致。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. If you dont go, neither will I.,注意：,當(dāng) so引出的句子用以對上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時(shí)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為的確如此。 Tom asked me to go to play footba

9、ll and so I did. -Its raining hard.-So it is. 但如果上文所述兩件事也適合另一個(gè)人或物，就用 So it is /was with sb.或It is/was the same with sb. Mark was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with James.,5. so/such.that的so/such位于句首時(shí)， So loudly did the students read that people could hear them out in

10、the street. So small were the words that he could hardly see them. Such a famous man is he that everyone wants to take a photo with him.,6. 有些表示“感嘆、祝愿”等語氣的句子，也可使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu) Isnt it cold! 天氣真冷！ May both be happy!祝你們兩位幸福！ May God bless you. 愿上帝賜福于你。Long live the king! 國王萬歲！,7. 省略連詞“if”虛擬條件句，如：,a. Were I you

11、, I would not do such a thing. = If I were you, I would not do such a thing. b. Should the machine break down again, send it back to us. = If the machine should break down again, send it back to us. c. Had you worked harder, you would have passed. = If you had worked harder, you would have passed.,C

12、hoose the best answer.,1. Be quick! _. Here comes the bus B. The bus here comes C. The bus come here D. Here the bus comes 2. If you want to go there, _. so will I B. so I will C. I will so D. so do I 3. In front of the farmhouse _. does a small boy sit B. did a small boy sit C. sit a small boy D. s

13、at a small boy,A,A,D,4. Not only _ strict with us, but also _ for us. was the teacher ; did he care was the teacher ; he cared C. the teacher was ; did he care D. the teacher was ; did he care,B,5. Here _. does he come B. he comes C, comes he D. he come 6. Only _ that. A. can a doctor do B. a doctor

14、 can do C. can do a doctor D. can a doctor does 7. Up _ into the air. went the arrow B. the arrow went C. did the arrow go D. does the arrow go,B,B,A,8. Not for a moment _ what he said. I believed B. did I believe C. I would believe D. I believe 9. In _ and the students stood up. A. the teacher come

15、s B. the teacher coming C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come 10. No sooner _ begun to speak than I realized that something was wrong. he has B. he had C. had he D. did he,B,C,C,Multiple choices. 1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I ca

16、re C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also,配套練習(xí),2. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realized D. didnt the villagers realized,3. Only in this way _ do it well. A. must we B. we coul

17、d C. can we D. we can 4. Hardly _ when it began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive,5. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 6. Not a single mistake _ in the dictatio

18、n yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made,7. No sooner _ his talk than he _ the workers. A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded D. after he finished; was surrounded near,9. Not only _ a promise, but also kept it. A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes 10. I finally got the job. Never in all life_ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt,1. - I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! - _ . A. Nor am I B