摘要偶合器的主要部件有：泵輪、渦輪、輸入軸、輸出軸等。泵輪與渦輪稱為工作輪,兩輪中均有葉片,兩輪分別與輸入、輸出軸相聯(lián)接,它們之間是有間隙的,泵輪和渦輪均有徑向尺寸相同的腔形,所以,合在一起形成工作油腔室,工作油從泵輪內(nèi)側(cè)入油口引入,并跟隨電機(jī)一起作旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng),油在離心力的作用下,被甩到外側(cè),構(gòu)成了一個(gè)油的循環(huán)。無(wú)論何種的液力偶合器主要都是由輸入軸、輸出軸、泵輪、渦輪、軸承以及一些密封件組成。本設(shè)計(jì)都會(huì)對(duì)以上各個(gè)偶合器基本的部件進(jìn)行嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)目茖W(xué)計(jì)算，來(lái)完成結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和校核，使其實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)要求中的功能。而液力偶合器的種類有很多種，液力偶合器按其應(yīng)用特性可分為3個(gè)基本類型：普通型，限矩型，調(diào)速型。調(diào)速型液力偶合器是在輸入轉(zhuǎn)速不變的情況下，通過(guò)改變工作腔充滿度來(lái)改變輸出轉(zhuǎn)速及力矩，即所謂的容積式調(diào)節(jié)。與普通型、限矩型液力偶合器可自身冷卻散熱的特點(diǎn)不同，調(diào)速型液力偶合器因自身結(jié)構(gòu)原因和其輸出轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)幅度大、傳遞功率大的特點(diǎn)，必須有工作液體的外循環(huán)和冷卻系統(tǒng)，使工作液體不斷地進(jìn)出工作腔，以調(diào)節(jié)工作腔的充滿度和散逸熱量。將以上基本的調(diào)速型液力偶合器的大部分組件設(shè)計(jì)完成之后，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的調(diào)速型液力偶合器通過(guò)電動(dòng)執(zhí)行器驅(qū)動(dòng)曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)帶動(dòng)導(dǎo)液管徑向伸縮，調(diào)節(jié)工作腔充滿度以改變輸出轉(zhuǎn)速及力矩中存在的實(shí)現(xiàn)調(diào)速過(guò)程的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)不夠靈敏等問(wèn)題，對(duì)帶動(dòng)導(dǎo)液管的執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新，改用變頻電動(dòng)機(jī)控制泵來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)進(jìn)油管中進(jìn)油量，從而調(diào)節(jié)工作腔充滿度來(lái)改變輸出轉(zhuǎn)速及力矩，以實(shí)現(xiàn)調(diào)速過(guò)程快和靈敏度，輔件易于安裝，油路簡(jiǎn)易易安裝。通過(guò)先前數(shù)據(jù)完成必要的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求完成泵的計(jì)算，選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)等從而對(duì)偶合器進(jìn)行精確的參數(shù)計(jì)算。關(guān)鍵詞：軸葉輪軸承渦輪變頻機(jī)ABSTRACTAfluidcouplingmainlyconsistsof:pump,turbine,shell,inputshaftandoutputshaftetc.Commonlytheshellandthepumpisconnectedbyabolt.Boththepumpandtheturbinearebladerotors,andtherearebladesinthesetworotors.Thepumpisconnectedtotheinputshaft,andtheturbineisconnectedtotheoutputshaft.Thereisagapbetweenthepumpandtheturbine,andthesizesinsidethetworotorsarethesame.Thusthesetworotorscreateaworkingspaceforrotatingthefluid.Thehydraulicfluidisdirectedbythepumpwhoseshapeforcestheflowinthedirectionoftheoutputturbine.Anykindoffluidcouplingismainlyconsistsofinputshaft,outputshaft,pump,turbine,shellandsomesealedcomponents.Thisdesignwillexecuteapreciselyscientificcalculationonthesecomponents,inordertoperfectlyaccomplishthefunctionsthatacquired.Andaccordingtoitsfunction,thefluidcouplingisdividedasgeneralfluidcoupling,fixfillfluidcouplingandvariablefillfluidcoupling.Underconstantspeed,thevariationinspeedisobtainedbychangeofquantityofoilinthemaincircuitthroughscooptubemovement,slidingin&out.Unliketheothertwokindsoffluidcoupling,variablefillfluidcouplingisnotabletodispatchtheheatbyitself.Ithastodoitwillthehelpofwatercoolingsystem.Afterdesigningallthecomponentsoffluidcouplingmentionedabove,therearestillsomeproblemswehavetodealwith.Inordertoincreasethesensibilityandshortenthetimeofchangethespeedoftraditionalvariablefluidcouplingwehavetouseelectronicdevicestodrivethefluid.Whatsmore,wecanusevariablefrequencymotortocontrolthepumpsothatwecanchangethespeedoffluiddrivingin.Accordingtotheinformationthatwecollectedtofinishthestructuredesignandcompute.Thencomputethepumpandselectpropermotor.Finally,finishtheprecisecalculationofalltheparameters.Keywords:shaft,bladerotor,bearing,turbine,variablefrequencymotor目錄前言.1第一章調(diào)速型液力偶合器簡(jiǎn)介.31.1調(diào)速型液力偶合器設(shè)計(jì)的相關(guān)信息.31.2調(diào)速型液力偶合器的基本原理概述.31.2.1調(diào)速型液力偶合器的傳動(dòng)原理.31.2.2變頻泵控制的調(diào)速型液力偶合器的調(diào)速原理.31.3調(diào)速型液力偶合器的國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)狀及前景.41.4使用調(diào)速型液力偶合器的優(yōu)越性.41.5變頻泵控制的調(diào)速型液力偶合器的特點(diǎn).5第二章變頻泵控制的調(diào)速型液力偶合器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì).62.1選擇方案.62.2.1調(diào)速方式.62.2.2箱體結(jié)構(gòu).62.2.3支撐結(jié)構(gòu).62.2.4供油方式.62.2設(shè)計(jì)原始參數(shù)及分析.62.3流道選型及設(shè)計(jì).72.4軸向推力的計(jì)算.82.4.1基本參數(shù)及幾何尺寸的確定.82.4.2其他幾何尺寸及軸向推力的計(jì)算.82.5葉輪斷面設(shè)計(jì)與強(qiáng)度計(jì)算.92.5.1受力分析.92.5.2偶合器外緣軸向力PA的確定.102.5.3偶合器外緣螺栓數(shù)目的確定.102.5.4葉輪輪壁斷面的合理設(shè)計(jì)和材料的選擇.112.5.5葉輪強(qiáng)度分析.112.6輸入軸的設(shè)計(jì)校核.142.6.1選擇軸的材料.142.6.2按扭轉(zhuǎn)強(qiáng)度初步計(jì)算軸徑.142.6.3軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì).152.6.4按彎扭合成強(qiáng)度條件校核軸.152.7軸承的選用校核.212.7.1深溝球軸承的校核.212.8偶合器