英語聽力打包下載網(wǎng)/現(xiàn)在完成時用法英語聽力打包下載網(wǎng)/現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：助動詞have（has）+過去分詞，1表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例如：Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我剛洗過衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動作，對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）現(xiàn)在完成時常用的時間狀語有：already（”已經(jīng)”用于肯定句的中間和末尾處）never(“從不”用于中間處)ever（”曾經(jīng)”用于疑問句和肯定句的中間處）just(“剛剛”用于中間處)yet(“已經(jīng)”用于疑問句的末尾處/“還”用于否定句的末尾處)或不加任何的時間狀語，但不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至會繼續(xù)下去或表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時表示動作發(fā)生的時間在過去。試比較：Theplanehasarrived.飛機已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機在這兒）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飛機是一刻中以前來的。（強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間在過去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會繼續(xù)。）Itaughthereforayear.我過去在這兒教過一年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）Since和for的用法表示過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)常用的時間狀語有：for,since,howlong,sofar,thesedays等。Since+過去點的時間，for+一段時間（數(shù)詞+量詞），此劃線部分用howlong提問。一、since短語或從句表示過去的動作延續(xù)至今，since之后的時間為一點。如：Mr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984.1984年以來，史密斯先生一直在這工作。Heslearnedabout5,000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.他上大學以來大約學了五千個英語單詞。二、for短語表示動作延續(xù)多長時間，for的賓語為時間段。如：Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.我們認識有二十年了。Ihaventseenherforalongtime.我好久沒有見到她了。練習：I翻譯下列句子：1.你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯條嗎？2.我剛剛丟了我的化學書。英語聽力打包下載網(wǎng)/3.我以前從來沒去過那個農(nóng)場。4.他已經(jīng)吃過午飯了。5.你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？6.我哥哥還沒回來。7.我上星期看過這部電影。8.在1992年他住在這里。II用過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時填空：1.“_you_(have)lunch?”“Yes.”“When_you_(have)it?”“I_(have)itat12:00.”2.“_you_(write)alettertoyourauntyet?”“Yes,I_.I_(write)onelastweek.”3.“_he_(finish)hishomework?”“Notyet.”4.“_theyever_(be)abroad?”“Yes,justonce.”5.Yourfather_just_(finish)hiswork.6.Yourfather_(finish)hisworkjustnow.7.LasttermI_(learn)manyEnglishwords.8.They_(notread)theinterestingbooksyet.9.He_never_(go)tothesciencemuseum.10._youever_(drink)coke?11.“_you_(buy)adictionary?“Yes,I_.”“Where_you_(buy)it?”“I_(buy)itinabookstore.”“When_you_(buy)it?”“Yesterday.”練習：用since和for填空1)_twoyears2)_twoyearsago3)_lastmonth4)_19995)_yesterday6)_4oclock7)_4hours8)_anhourago9)_wewerechildren10)_lunchtime11)_shelefthere1.HehaslivedinNanjing_theyearbeforelast.2.Iveknownhim_wewerechildren.3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_threeyears.4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity_abouttenyears.英語聽力打包下載網(wǎng)/5.Itsabouttenyears_sheleftthecity.2.短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換延續(xù)性arriveat/insw.getto/e/go/movetosw.beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He_Beijingfor_.2)ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I_theUSAsince_.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.I_homefor_.4)Theycameherelastweek.They_heresince_.come/goback,returnbebackcome/gooutbeout1)Hecameouttwoyearsago.He_for_.2)WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_toFuzhousince_.becomebe1)Ibecameateacherin2000.I_ateacherfor_.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver_dirtyfor_.closebeclosedopenbeopen1)Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_for_.2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor_forsixhours.getupbeupdiebedeadleavesw.beawayfromsw.fallasleep/gettotsleepbeasleepfinish/endbeovermarrybemarried1)Igotuptwohoursago.I_since_.2)HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He_Fuzhouforfiveminutes.3)Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa_for_.4)Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting_forsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.I_since_.6)Theymarriedin1990.They_since_.英語聽力打包下載網(wǎng)/start/begintodosth.dosth.beginbeon1)Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I_atthisschoolsince_.2)Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm_for_.borrowkeeplosenothavebuyhaveputonwearcatch/getacoldhaveacoldgettoknowknow1)Theyborroweditlastweek.They_itsince_.2)Iboughtapentwohoursago.I_apenfor_.3)Igottoknowhimlastyear.I_himsince_.4)Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_myglassesfor_.have/hasgonetohavebeenin1)HehasgonetoBeijing.He_Beijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmybealeague/aPartymember/asoldierbeamemberoftheleague/thePartybeintheleague/theParty/thearmy1)Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_a_fortwoyears.He_a_the_fortwoyears.He_theleaguefortwoyears.2)Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother_a_for_.Mybrother_in_fortwoyears.3.漢譯英1）這本字典我已買了三年了。2）他離開中國三年了。3）我認識他們五年了。4）他們已去了美國五年了。5）自從他搬到福州，他就住這兒了。6）他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10年。英語聽力打包下載網(wǎng)/7）我妹妹成為一個大學生已經(jīng)三年。8）這會已開了多長時間了？9）這門已經(jīng)關(guān)了兩天了。10）我入團2年了。I_twoyearsago.I_a_fortwoyears.I_a_of_fortwoyears.I_the_fortwoyears.11）自從1999年以來他們就認識。12）我來到農(nóng)場已5年了。4.劃線提問1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._you_?2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000._yourfather_?3)Helefthereyesterday._he_?4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._they_abook?havebeenin,havebeento與havegoneto的用法一、have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多長時間”，常與表示一段時間的狀語連用，如：since,for,howlong等。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生來上海已經(jīng)有三天了。此外還有這些搭配：havebeenhere(there)/athome(school)/onthefarmhavebeenhere(there)/abroad二、have(has)beento表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了。可與just,ever,never等連用，例如：Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.我剛才去郵局了。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.瑪麗從未去過長城。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?你曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？have(has)beento后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.我去過北京三次。Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他們?nèi)ミ^那個村莊好幾次了。三、have(has)goneto意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。總之，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。英語聽力打包下載網(wǎng)/例如：-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshop.湯姆在哪里？他到書店去了。JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon.杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了。練習：I.用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where_LiFei_?B:He_toHainanIsland.A:Howlong_he_there?B:He_thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:Imafraidhewontcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,I_never_there.A:Howmanytimes_LiFei_tothatplace?B:He_thereonlyonce.II.用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各種形式填空。1)WhereisJack?He_hiscountry.2)David_theparkjustnow.3)John_Englandsincehecameback.4)Howlong_have_thisvillage?5)TheSmiths_Beijingforyears.6)_youever_America?-Yes,I_theremanytimes.7)I_thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)WhereisJim?He_thefarm.9)When_he_?He_anhourago.10)Wouldyouliketo_thezoowithme?-Yes,butI_therebefore.11)Where_you_now?-I_thezoo.12)Heoften_swimming.13)_you_therelastyear?14)_theyoften_skatinginwinter?III.翻譯下列句子：1.他已經(jīng)來中國三年多了。2.他們出國兩個月了。3.我從來沒去過長城。4.你曾經(jīng)出過國嗎？5.他已經(jīng)去圖書館了。6.他來這兒五年了。英語聽力打包下載網(wǎng)/7.昨天他去了公園。8.“你要去哪里？”“我要去學校?！?.他常常去游泳。綜合練習:I.用never,ever,already,yet,for,since填空1.Ihave_seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_finishedhishomework_anhourago.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool_tenyears.4.“Haveyou_seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave_seenit.”5.“Hasthebusleft_?”“Yes,ithas_left.”II.翻譯下列句子：1.他們已經(jīng)打掃了教室嗎？2.我們已經(jīng)認識有二十年了。3.打那以后，她一直住在這。4.“你曾經(jīng)到過那里嗎？”“不，我從來沒到過那里?！盜II.用適當?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1.Shes_(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem_(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Botho