本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 中英文對照翻譯 院（系部） 機(jī)械與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院 專業(yè)名稱 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 年級(jí)班級(jí) 2004-02 學(xué)生姓名 李洋 指導(dǎo)老師 劉傳邵 張昌娟 二 00 八年四月 英文翻譯（原文） The Discuss on Multi-functional Products Design The Telephone Design for the Elder is Taken for Example 1.product features The product is a product function in terms of the specific uses, can also Function as role, effectiveness, efficiency, that is a product of stem What is the use of the. For example, the cup is the function of water, is the function of clocks and watches , The speaker of the function is sound, and so on. Product value is realized through the function, the function is to yield For the basic attributes. Product features include functional, aesthetic Features two aspects. The main product is as functional as people reach a certain head .The manner of tools, such as motor vehicles are the means of transport tools, Production equipment is manufactured articles tools, monitors the human-computer exchange of workers With, the rest of the seats, and other tools. Generally speaking, all the industrialized approved Production of the products have a certain degree of practical function, which is producing For a basic attribute. The aesthetic product features mainly refers to products through modeling, color, Materials, as embodied in the fabric of the United States and bring feelings of pleasure and emotional Meet. Aesthetic features clearly subject to different social factors, different Cultures, beliefs and different walks of life, occupation, there will be people of different ages Different aesthetic taste, aesthetic function over time a change Of. 2. product-analysis Multi-functional product that is a product of the original function at the same time on the basis of An increase of other features. In the modern product design, a lot of products Taste-oriented products, to the neglect of the product itself should be achieved Function. More incredible is that many products do not function between There is no contact, resulting in the use of barriers to consumers. I Can the following areas for analysis: （ 1） . Multifunctional products used in the course of interaction between the functional People in the use of multi-function products, in any particular definition Tasks, only to use a feature, and in the use of this function when Further, other features is idle, but will to some extent .Affect the normal function of use, so a certain inconvenience. （ 2） . Multifunctional costs of waste Multi-function products in the realization of multi-function, it is bound to consider the function .Integration, and relative position, the use of mutual influence and therefore will Modeling the effect of the increase in costs, （ 3） . Multi-purpose function caused by waste Products are designed for specific consumer, the products features, According to the specific needs of the same characteristics of the consumers consider, if the functions of the product , Is bound to cause the target groups are not satisfied with, because they choose a product At the same time as the purchase of this product to other subsidiary functions, and when they do not need this .Some function of time, causing a waste product. 3. the elderly on the phone function of attitude The multi-function mobile phone has become the elderly impede a clear choice for mobile phones Su, the elderly handset design to understand the function of the elderly on the phone and see attitude , To guide the choice of the appropriate functions. The author interviewed by the user, for the following five issues on the 40-year-old 60 to 70 The goal of a consumer survey: you will choose to smart phones or cell phones? 3 G you think are familiar with a new cell phone? Difficult process you use the phone call often encountered difficulties What is your opinion Reasons for the mobile phone operating difficulties you understand the functions of the existing mobile phone set up for you? you in the market to see whether their satisfaction over the phone Survey results are as follows: 100% of the elderly do not understand that it would not choose or smart phones or hand 3 G - This shows handset technology and the development of information technology has not brought benefits to the elderly And convenient, because they are on the forefront of technology and information is not sensitive and does not understand the new mobile phones The use of another part of older persons about smart phones, but they are not elected Optional because of the specialized and complex operation is they can not accept. 29% of elderly people generally think, with a new mobile phone is not the process Too difficult to 71 percent of the elderly that difficult or very difficult. For users with a new brand of mobile phones, will have an adjustment The process of the adaptation of this process could speed evaluation of a cell phone during the operation A reasonable degree. And the majority of older persons familiar with a cell phone that the process is difficult, That is now the mobile phone operator relatively cumbersome； the other hand, the old People accept new things, the weak, and the phone did not take note of this special design The special needs groups. the elderly in the use of mobile phones, the main difficulty encountered the following: 1) Operating cumbersome； 2) unclear screen display； 3) unclear key figure 4) big enough voice. On the other hand, the elderly, leading to difficulties in the main mobile phone operators are: 1) too many functions； 2) key locations and with disorder. the existing phone features: 71 percent of the elderly that is not satisfied or not Satisfied with only 29 percent of the elderly satisfactory. 71% of the elderly believe that the market does not have its own satisfaction with the phone. Because the hand Main developments in the two directions: First, high-end handsets, with more features, to Smart direction, the operation was too complex for the elderly, but also the relative prices Higher and the other is low-end phones, features a simple, but most of the past few years launched Style, a smaller screen, smaller buttons, the elderly do not meet the vision requirements. So Both types of cell phone use are not suitable for the elderly. Survey results show that most of these elderly people can not accept multi-function mobile phones, due to For multi-function mobile phone to give them the easy but not difficult. To interview a - 68-year-old Ge Xiansheng example, the functions of mobile phones is very offensive, when asked why the , He said, I will not use the phone, then the complex functions and procedures, no resistance Heart to see to learn, I feel no fixed-line phones instead of convenience. The Ge Xiansheng the Reflect the views of the actual situation of many elderly people. At the same time over the phone survey reflects the features of older persons to the requirements: useful function: many mobile phones now in order to catch up with the forefront of technology, added Many useful features, thus increasing the difficulty of the use of mobile phones. Phone features should be The relevance, that is, in the use of time-saving, effective and easier to achieve the purpose of use. This The use of the elderly must be considered when and if some of the features of the settings can not be effective Use, it is not easy to complete, or simply do not have access to these features, then the phone Design for the elderly, is a failure. easy to use: the elderly tend to want to live supplies to use simple, gymnastics For easy and convenient maintenance, Moyoufudan. Now the phone constantly modified, Trying to meet more needs, such as phone keypad gradually change to the computer keyboard, This is a significant increase in the use of the difficulty of the elderly do not want to use the phone - Status. Thus, simple, easy-to-use phone for the elderly is the most important. economic durability: the elderly due to the economic basis of generally poor, but also because of thinking To the concept of reasons, even if the economic situation better, their lives will be very frugal, because This life they will choose the economic and durable products, more functional and decorative, Lai, higher prices of handsets will not be generally accepted by the elderly. 4. to mobile phones as an example of multi-function products for analysis Phone as a people daily use of mobile communications equipment, it should realize The function is linked to anytime, anywhere to be able to contact the people, or to each other and voice - Words or transmit text messages. However, we are seeing today the phone while colorful, Quezao has deviated from the most simple request, cell phone and a lot of functions spelled As a result, these features are not well used. We can From the following aspects of the functions of mobile phones inappropriate for analysis: 1. Multifunctional phone idle From camera phones to mp3, mp4 mobile phones, mobile phones become increasingly more functional, it is Dazzling. The multi-function mobile phone and let us feel the era of progress and technology Fast development, but also create a more exciting world of cell phones, but in fact we We really need so many? Text messaging, Notepad (acting reminded), the tone set, Bluetooth, Internet browsing, Download, calendar, infrared, games, mobile phone set, business card holder (telephone directories), single Digital conversion, digital camera, the English-Chinese dictionary, e-purse, digital camera, video podcasts Fang, tape recorders, keyboard lock, electronic books, phone records, office software, text Items folder (pictures, music, etc.), an alarm, e-mail, ringtone editor, call transfer, Music player, the screen transform In such a multi-function, calls and send and receive text messages is still the highest utilization rate of hand Machine function. Even many young consumers that: Hua Leqian bought a function - The phone, trying to take full advantage of all the phone functions, and in fact do not With many new features is idle. To the camera phones as an example, the frequency of use, in just to buy As the phone when novel, occasionally want to use it, once familiar, this work Can be left idle with a display, while the picture quality, the camera phone Machine far as ordinary digital cameras. Therefore camera is no doubt does not apply When the function. Mobile video player, theoretically speaking it could be achieved, players can Functions. But the current mobile phone video format supported by less than many of the computer, and Since the majority of the screen and small, and rarely use wide-screen design, visual effect .Fruit not always. Even the use of large-screen handwriting smart phones (Ruyou ), The sharpness of the image can hardly satisfactory, but the phone sound effects relative Quality is not high, watch videos will also affect the results. Therefore, over the phones functions flashy, particularly older consumers Consumers Fee, how can those willing to idle in the state, the bad effects of the use of power Can be paid ？ 2. Multifunctional lead to shorten the waiting time Increasing the screen, gradually strengthen the camera, high-quality ringtones, built-in Tour Drama, video applications such as spread, the function of increasingly powerful cell phones, of course, Power consumption will naturally grow. Ministry of Information Industry of the persons concerned, the current Mobile phones on the market function and the development of mobile phone batteries can not simultaneously, making some new work When in use was limited. A color screen camera phones normal standby time is three days, but if used Take pictures, then their standby time only five hours, if at the same time use a variety of functions So, its standby time will be shorter, leading to some of the functions of power has become more In name only. This use of these features to users at great inconvenience. Super power .Question has become almost all 3 G mobile phone users in trouble. These inappropriate function for the elderly, can not be good use, But also affect other features are used so that they encountered in the use of more Great difficulties, from the elderly to a large extent limited the use of multi-function mobile phone possible. 3. Startling new features consumption Can watch TV, movies on demand in recent years is a major new phones selling point. Such GPRS handset can use the Internet, but to see a half-hour television at least 50 yuan, to see 90 Minutes to 200 yuan over large! And the screen slow, like animation, special consumption Xinhua. This largely affected the interests of consumers, but not very high cost .Good service, the result is to give up the use of these features. 4. Bring Internet phone virus The emergence of mobile phone virus is also the last year or so, the popularity of mobile phones with special Do not be smart phones and 3 G network development, mobile speed of transmission and harm - Degree will also be increasing. Bluetooth dare not open, mobile Internet is also very carefully, Mo Health and dare not open the messages, cell phone viruses emerging and greatly limit the functions of mobile phones The full use of. From the above aspects of the analysis, the mobile phone with features that make excessive It lost its true colors, these extra features can not be fully used, But also affect the normal function of the use of mobile phones, but also increase the consumers economy Burden for young consumers even so, then they asked for the elderly That will become more pronounced. These inappropriate function on the phone had a negative shadow Ring, failed to meet the real needs of consumers, but also caused the phone a waste of resources. 5. Conclusion To sum up, product design can not be excessive in the pursuit of the neglect of middle - The usefulness of goods, consumers should be able to take full advantage of the characteristics of the consumer-specific To design, select the most appropriate product features, such products can not only make Reflects the best value, but also conducive to the safe use of products of comfort, but also To reduce product costs, more conducive to consumer acceptance and use of products. References 1 Wang Ming purpose. Product design. Beijing: China Academy of Fine Arts Publishing House, 1999.11 (April 2003 reprint) 2 Ren Health. Design Psychology. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2005.7 3 Zhang Zhihua, 000 ran. Appropriate design: product modeling of contemporary design concepts. Nanchang University Journal Vol.34 No. 6, 2003.11 4 into the phone a few new features on useless. Telephone information reported, 2003.11 5 have a say. Handset additional features practical analysis. Zhongguancun Online Forum, 2006.8 英文翻譯（譯文） 對產(chǎn)品多功能設(shè)計(jì)的探討 以老年人手機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)為例 楊晶晶 YANG Jingjing 南京理工大學(xué)泰州科技學(xué)院 一、產(chǎn)品功能 對產(chǎn)品而言功能是指產(chǎn)品的具體用途，也可以把功能理解為作用、效用、效能，就是說一個(gè)產(chǎn)品是干什么用的。例如杯子的功能是盛水，鐘表的功能是計(jì)時(shí)，喇叭的功能是發(fā)出聲音等。 產(chǎn)品的使用價(jià)值是通過功能來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，功能是產(chǎn)品的基本屬性。產(chǎn)品的功能主要包括實(shí)用功能、審美功能兩個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容。 產(chǎn)品的實(shí)用功能主要是以作為人們?yōu)檫_(dá)到某一目的的工具的方式體現(xiàn)的，比如汽車是人的代步工具，生產(chǎn)設(shè)備是制造物品的工具、顯示器是人機(jī)交流的工具，座椅是休息的工具等。一般來說，所有工業(yè)化批量生 產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品都具備一定程度上的實(shí)用功能，這是產(chǎn)品的一項(xiàng)基本屬性。 產(chǎn)品的審美功能主要是指產(chǎn)品通過造型、色彩、材料、肌理所體現(xiàn)的美給人帶來心情的愉悅和情感的滿足。審美功能明顯地受不同社會(huì)因素的影響，不同文化、信仰，不同階層、職業(yè)，不同年齡的人們會(huì)有不同的審美情趣，審美功能也隨時(shí)間的推移而發(fā)生變化。 二、產(chǎn)品的多功能分析 多功能產(chǎn)品即一種產(chǎn)品在原有功能的基礎(chǔ)上同時(shí)又增加了其他功能。在現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)中，很多產(chǎn)品一味注重產(chǎn)品的多功能，而忽略了產(chǎn)品本身應(yīng)該實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能。更不可置信的是，很多產(chǎn)品的功能之間根本不存在任何聯(lián)系， 從而造成了消費(fèi)者使用中的障礙。我們可以從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析： 1. 多功能產(chǎn)品使用過程中，功能之間相互影響 人們在使用多功能產(chǎn)品的時(shí)候，定義在任何特定任務(wù)中，都只用到一種功能，而在使用這種功能的時(shí)候，其他的功能處于閑置狀態(tài)，而且會(huì)在一定程度上影響正常功能的使用，因此會(huì)形成一定的不便。 2. 多功能造成成本的浪費(fèi) 多功能產(chǎn)品在實(shí)現(xiàn)多功能的時(shí)候，勢必要考慮功能之間的整合，以及相對位置關(guān)系，使用中的相互影響作用，因此就會(huì)無形中增加了造型的成本， 3. 多功能造成功能浪費(fèi) 產(chǎn)品都是針對特定消費(fèi)者進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的，對于 產(chǎn)品的功能，同樣需要根據(jù)具體消費(fèi)者的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行考慮，如果產(chǎn)品的功能過多，勢必會(huì)造成目標(biāo)人群的不滿意，因?yàn)樗麄冊谶x擇一個(gè)產(chǎn)品的同時(shí)也購買到這個(gè)產(chǎn)品的其他附屬功能，而當(dāng)他們不需要這些功能的時(shí)候，就造成了產(chǎn)品的浪費(fèi)。 三、老年人對手機(jī)功能的態(tài)度 手機(jī)的多功能已經(jīng)成為阻礙老年人選擇手機(jī)的一個(gè)明顯因素，因此老年人手機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)要了解老年人對手機(jī)功能的態(tài)度和看法，以指導(dǎo)適當(dāng)功能的選擇。筆者通過用戶訪談，針對以下5 個(gè)問題對 40 位 60 70 歲 的目標(biāo)消費(fèi)者進(jìn)行了調(diào)查： 您會(huì)選擇智能手機(jī)或 3G 手機(jī)嗎？ 您認(rèn) 為熟悉一款新的手機(jī)的過程困難嗎？ 您使用手機(jī)打電話時(shí)經(jīng)常遇到什么困難？您認(rèn)為是什么原因?qū)е率謾C(jī)操作困難？ 您所了解的現(xiàn)有手機(jī)的功能設(shè)置適合您嗎？ 您在市場上是否看到過自己滿意的手機(jī)？ 調(diào)查結(jié)果如下： 100% 的老年人表示不會(huì)選擇或不了解智能手機(jī)或 3G 手機(jī)，這說明手機(jī)技術(shù)及信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展沒有給老年人帶來利益和方便，因?yàn)樗麄儗η把氐募夹g(shù)及信息不敏感，不了解手機(jī)新 的使用方式；另一部分老年人了解智能手機(jī)，但他們卻不會(huì)選擇，因?yàn)椴僮鞯膶I(yè)化及復(fù)雜化是他們所無法接受的。 29% 的 老年人認(rèn)為一般，熟悉一款新的手機(jī)的過程不是太困難； 71% 的老年人認(rèn)為困難或很困難。使用者在換用新的品牌的手機(jī)的時(shí)候，必然會(huì)有一個(gè)適應(yīng)的過程，對這個(gè)過程的適應(yīng)速度可以評價(jià)一款手機(jī)操作過程的合理程度。而大部分老年人認(rèn)為熟悉一款手機(jī)的過程是困難的，這就說明現(xiàn)在的手機(jī)操作相對較為繁瑣；從另一方面來說，老年人接受新事物的能力較弱，而手機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)沒有注意到這個(gè)特殊群體的特殊需求。 老年人在使用手機(jī)時(shí)，主要遇到以下困難： 1）操作繁瑣； 2）看不清屏幕顯示； 3）看不清按鍵數(shù)字； 4）聲音不夠大。 另一方面，老年人認(rèn) 為，導(dǎo)致手機(jī)操作困難的主要原因有： 1）功能太多； 2）按鍵位置及排列錯(cuò)亂。 對于現(xiàn)有的手機(jī)功能： 71% 的老年人認(rèn)為不太滿意或不滿意，只有 29% 的老年人認(rèn)為滿意。 71% 的老年人認(rèn)為市場上沒有自己滿意的手機(jī)。因?yàn)槭謾C(jī)主要朝兩個(gè)方向發(fā)展：一是高端手機(jī)，擁有較多的功能，向智能方向發(fā)展，對于老年人來說操作過于復(fù)雜，而且價(jià)格相對 較高；二是低端手機(jī)，功能較簡單，但是大多是前幾年推出的款式，屏幕較小，按鍵較小，不符合老年人的視覺要求。因此這兩種類型的手機(jī)都不適合老年人使用。 以上調(diào)查結(jié)果表明大多數(shù)老 年人無法接受多功能手機(jī)，因?yàn)槎喙δ苁謾C(jī)給他們帶來的不是方便而是困難。以訪談中的一位 68 歲的葛先生為例，他對手機(jī)的功能很反感，當(dāng)問及原因的時(shí)候，他說，我不會(huì)用手機(jī)，那么復(fù)雜的功能和程序，沒有耐心去看去學(xué)，感覺手機(jī)反而沒有固定電話方便。這位葛先生的看法反映了很多老年人的實(shí)際情況。 同時(shí)以上調(diào)查反映出老年人對手機(jī)功能的要求： 功能實(shí)用：現(xiàn)在好多手機(jī)為了追趕技術(shù)的前沿，增添了許多不實(shí)用的功能，從而增加了手機(jī)的使用難度。手機(jī)功能應(yīng)該具有實(shí)用性，即在使用時(shí)省力、有效，容易達(dá)到使用目的。這是老年人使用時(shí)必須考慮的 ，如果某些功能的設(shè)置不能夠有效使用，不容易完成，或者這些功能根本就用不上，那么手機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)對于老年人來說就是失敗的。 使用簡便：老年人往往希望生活用品使用方法簡單，操作輕松，而且保養(yǎng)維修方便，沒有負(fù)擔(dān)?，F(xiàn)在的手機(jī)不斷改型，力圖滿足更多的需求，例如手機(jī)鍵盤逐漸向電腦鍵盤轉(zhuǎn)變，可是這明顯增加了使用的難度，造成老年人不愿意使用手機(jī)的狀況。 因此，操作簡單，使用方便的手機(jī)對老年人來說是最重要的。 經(jīng)濟(jì)耐用：老年人由于經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)一般較差，而且由于思想觀念的原因，即使經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況較好，他們的生活也會(huì)很儉樸，因此生活 中他們會(huì)選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)耐用的產(chǎn)品，因此功能較多、裝飾華麗、價(jià)格較高的手機(jī)一般不會(huì)被老年人所接受。 四、以手機(jī)為例對產(chǎn)品多功能進(jìn)行分析 手機(jī)作為一種人們?nèi)粘Ｊ褂玫囊苿?dòng)通訊設(shè)備，它應(yīng)該實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能是隨時(shí)隨地能聯(lián)系到所要聯(lián)系的人，即能和對方語音通話或傳輸文字信息?？墒俏覀兘裉焖吹降氖謾C(jī)