江西省吉安市井岡山大學(xué)附中高中英語 新人教版必修四unit2 working the land導(dǎo)學(xué)案（二）（一）導(dǎo)案知識梳理重點(diǎn)單詞1._vi. & n.斗爭；拼搏；努力 2._ vt. 使變大；伸展3. _ adv. 因此；所以；因而4._ vt. & vi.輸出；出口 5._ vt. & n. 遺憾；惋惜；懊悔6 ._ vt. 減少；減縮重點(diǎn)短語1. _to幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?2._of 使擺脫或除去3. be_with 對感到滿意 4. _up 逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā) 5._to 導(dǎo)致；造成（后果） 6._on 集中（注意力、精力）于 7. keep_from/of 使免受（影響、傷害等）；使不含（有害物）重點(diǎn)語法the ing form as the subject and object一、complete the sentences according to the text and then translate them into chinese1. since then, _ ways grow more rice has been his life goal. 2. at that time, hunger was a _ problem in many parts of the countryside.3. yuan longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without_the area of the fields.4. just _ for things, however, costs nothing.提出疑惑同學(xué)們，通過你的自主學(xué)習(xí)，你還有哪些疑惑，請把它填在下面的表格中疑惑點(diǎn)疑惑內(nèi)容（二）課內(nèi)探究學(xué)案學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. grasp the important words, phrases and sentence structures in this period.2. let the students know the usage of modal verbs.學(xué)習(xí)過程1. 動詞-ing形式的構(gòu)成: 是在動詞末尾加-ing 形式構(gòu)成, 因此又叫動詞的 -ing 形式。如: do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc.否定形式: not+ -ing 構(gòu)成2. 動詞-ing形式不能單獨(dú)作謂語, 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化, 但可以有自己的賓語和狀語, 還有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。3. 動詞-ing形式由動詞加-ing變化而成, 它同時具有名詞和動詞的特征, 在句中可以作主語、賓語等。一、動詞-ing形式作主語 1. 表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài), 謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。如： walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 無論對年輕人和老年人來講, 走路是一種很好的鍛煉。watching news on tv has become a routine for me. 在電視上看新聞已經(jīng)成了我的一種日常習(xí)慣。2. -ing形式作主語時常后置, 此時須用it作形式主語, 用形容詞或名詞作表語。常見的名詞或名詞短語有: no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time等; 形容詞有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。如: its no use making an excuse for this. 為這件事找借口是沒有用的。3. 在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語, 這種結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相當(dāng)于“it is impossible to do ”。如：若要人不知, 除非己莫為。there is no hiding of evil but not to do it這種事開不得玩笑。 here is no joking about such matter.無法知道他什么時候離開there was no knowing when he would leave. 動名詞與不定式做主語時的比較：動名詞表示的動作通常是一個泛指的動作, 不定式則通常表示具體的動作。如：還是個孩子的時侯, 她就覺得探視病人是一種責(zé)任, 也是一種愉悅。as a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure到美國人家里做客對我來說將是一個極好的經(jīng)歷。being a guest in an american home will be a good experience for me.（三）練案b) 翻譯：1. 我最喜歡的運(yùn)動是游泳.2. 今天去沒有用，他不會在家.3. 你寫完作文了嗎.4. 請?jiān)徫襾硗砹?5. 他不聲不響的走了進(jìn)來.6. 他走進(jìn)進(jìn)來了，沒有被看見.二單項(xiàng)選擇1. it took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. a. repairing b. repairc. to repair d. repaired5. my brother keeps _ me with my work. a. to help b. help c. helping d. helped6. we should often practise _ english with each other.a. to speak b. spoke c. speak d. speaking7. keep on _ and you will succeed. a. a try b. try c. triing d. trying8. his parents insist on _ to college. a. he should go b. he go c. his going d. him to go9. the story was so funny that we _. a. couldnt help laugh b. cant but laugh c. couldnt help laughing d. couldnt help but to laugh10. though it sounds a bit too dear (昂貴), it is worth _. a. being bought b. buying c. to buy d. buying it四、 小結(jié)和作業(yè)1. summarize the rules of v-ing form as the subject and object in your own way.2. finish the exercises of “discovering useful structures” on page 13.3. do some research on verbs following the questions:which verbs should be follow