unit 3under the sea閱讀詞匯1.anecdote n.軼事;奇聞2.migration n.遷徙;遷居;移居3.shore n.岸;海濱4.offshore adv.& adj.近海(的);離岸(的)5.suck vt.& vi.吮吸6.lip n.一片嘴唇;(容器或洞的)邊,口7.shark n.鯊魚8.telescope n.望遠鏡9.tide n.潮(汐);潮水;潮流10.dimension n.維(數(shù));方面;側(cè)面11.seaweed n.海草;海藻12.flashlight n.閃光信號燈;手電筒;閃光燈13.grey adj.& n.灰色(的)14.steep adj.陡峭的15.boundary n.界限;分界線16.antarctic adj.南極的17.the antarctic南極洲18.seal n.海豹;封條;印章19.pension n.養(yǎng)老金;退休金20.pensioner n.領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金者識記詞匯1.annual adj.每年的;按年度計算的n.年刊;年鑒2.witness vt.當(dāng)場見到;目擊n.目擊者;證人;證據(jù)3.accommodation n.住所;住宿4.opposite prep.在對面adj.相對的;相反的5.yell vi.大叫;呼喊n.叫聲;喊聲6.pause vi.& n.暫停;中止7.teamwork n.協(xié)作;配合8.dive vi.& n.跳水(的動作);潛水(的動作);俯沖9.flee vi.逃避;逃跑vt.逃離10.drag vt.拖;拉;扯11.depth n.深(度);深處識記詞匯12.meantime adv.其間;同時13.relationship n.關(guān)系;血緣關(guān)系;交往14.conservation n.保存;保護15.urge vt.催促;極力主張;驅(qū)策16.abandon vt.放棄;遺棄;拋棄17.jog vi.慢跑vt.輕推;輕撞18.seaside n.& adj.海邊(的);海濱(的)19.net n.網(wǎng);網(wǎng)狀物;網(wǎng)絡(luò)20.target n.目標(biāo);靶;受批評的對象21.reflect vi.思考vt.映射;反射;思考22.pure adj.純的;純粹的;純潔的23.cell n.細(xì)胞;(蜂房的)巢室24.aware adj.意識到的;知道的25.vivid adj.生動的;鮮明的;鮮艷的26.neat adj.好的;整齊的;勻稱的27.narrow adj.狹窄的;有限的;狹隘的28.sharp adj.銳利的;鋒利的;敏捷的29.tasty adj.好吃的;可口的30.scare vt.恐嚇vi.受驚嚇31.shallow adj.淺的;膚淺的;淺顯的32.awesome adj.使人敬畏的;令人畏懼的拓展詞匯1.accommodation n.住所;住宿 accommodate vt.提供住宿2.depth n.深(度);深處 deep adj.&adv.深的(地) deeply adv.深深地 deepen v.使加深;使強烈;變深3.urge vt.催促;極力主張;驅(qū)策 urgent adj.緊急的;迫切的4.abandon vt.放棄;遺棄;拋棄 abandoned adj.被遺棄的;放縱的5.relationship n.關(guān)系;血緣關(guān)系;交往 relate v.使有聯(lián)系;敘述;涉及 related adj.有關(guān)系的;有關(guān)聯(lián)的 relation n.關(guān)系;敘述拓展詞匯6.conservation n.保存;保護 conserve v.保存;保護7.reflect vi.& vt.思考;映射;反射;思考 reflection n.反射;反映;映像8.aware adj.意識到的;知道的 awareness n.意識;認(rèn)識9.sharp adj.銳利的;鋒利的;敏捷的 sharpen v.削尖;磨快;尖銳;變鋒利 sharpener n.鉛筆刀;磨具10.tasty adj.好吃的;可口的 taste n.味道 v.品嘗 tasteless adj.無味的11.scare vt.恐嚇 vi.受驚嚇 scared adj.恐懼的;害怕的 scary adj.恐怖的;可怕的短語記憶1.help (.) out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難2.bebecome aware of對知道、明白;意識到3.upside down上下翻轉(zhuǎn)4.(be) scared to death嚇?biāo)懒司湫驼?.it was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那個時期,虎鯨(當(dāng)時被稱為“殺手”)幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉須鯨。2.as we drew closer,i could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.隨著我們的靠近,我能看見一條鯨魚正被其他大約6條(虎鯨)襲擊。3.this was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.這是宣告捕鯨行動馬上就要開始的呼聲。4.the water was quite shallow but where the reef ended,there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很淺,但是到了珊瑚礁的盡頭,就有一個陡坡,一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。重點語法revise the passive voice () (including the -ing form)復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)()(含動詞的-ing形式)1.witness n.目擊者;證人;證據(jù)vt.當(dāng)場見到;目擊;見證歸納拓展a witness to sth.的目擊者見證人witness to (doing) sth.作證(說)(做)某事(to為介詞)give witness to 作為的證據(jù);證明單句填空italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration,has witnessed(witness) a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.(2017年6月浙江,閱讀理解c)the driver witnessed to having seen (see) the man enter the building.the late 20th century witnessed (witness) the rapid development of chinas economy.巧學(xué)助記the witness who witnessed the accident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness.這個目擊了這場事故的目擊者向警方提交了證據(jù)并答應(yīng)作證人。 witness作及物動詞,其主語可以是時間或地點,表示“某地或某時見證了某事的發(fā)生”。類似動詞有see,find等,為擬人手法。2.abandon vt.放棄;遺棄;拋棄;離棄歸納拓展abandon oneself to 沉溺于be abandoned to(to為介詞)沉溺于abandon doing sth.放棄做某事with abandon放任地,放縱地單句填空.in order to satisfy the desire,they may go so far as to abandon(abandon) their sense of right and wrong.feeling frustrated,i found myself abandoning myself to playing (play) computer games.that might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning (abandon)phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications.(2019北京,閱讀理解c)3.scare vt.恐嚇vi.受驚嚇歸納拓展scare sb.awayoff 把某人嚇跑scare oout of doing sth.嚇得某人做不敢做某事be scared to do sth.害怕干某事be scared of 害怕be scared to death 嚇?biāo)绬尉涮羁説owever, it became scared (scare) and started to run like crazy.(2018年6月浙江,讀后續(xù)寫)i was scared to death(die) at the thought of being bitten by the dog.選詞填空(intooff)jeff had hunted in iowa before thanksgiving with his dog,rosie,but the gun shots had scared the dog off.(2019全國,完形填空)some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.4.urge vt.催促;極力主張;力促n.沖動;迫切要求歸納拓展urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事urge+that.(should+)do 主張it is urged that sb.(should) do sth.堅決要求極力主張某人做某事have an urge to do sth.迫切要做某事urgency n. urgent adj.單句填空.does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do(do) so wasnt present a generation ago?because of all this extra time,there was no sense of urgency (urge) to do my school work immediately.(2018年6月浙江,完形填空)1.help (.) out 幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難;協(xié)助;使(某人)脫離困境歸納拓展help sb.with(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事cant help to do不能幫忙做某事cant help but do 只得做,不得不做help oneself (to sth.) 隨便用(食物等)用help相關(guān)短語形式完成句子如果你來不及做完,我會幫你一把。if you havent got time to finish ill help you out.請幫我打掃一下屋子好嗎?would you please help me clean the room?由于有如此多的工作要做,他不得不向朋友們求助。with so much work to do,he cant help but ask his friends for help.2.bebecomeget aware of 對知道、明白;意識到歸納拓展be aware that.知道;體會到make sb.aware thatof.提醒某人注意raise ones awareness of. 提高某人的意識develop an awareness of.逐漸懂得單句填空some activities should be carried out to make people aware of the importance of donating blood.完成句子if she had been aware that(她意識到) the mushrooms were poisonous,she would not have picked them for dinner.there are lots of ways to raise awareness (提升意識)for a cause.(2019年6月浙江,完形填空)3.hold up 舉起;抬起;阻止歸納拓展hold on堅持;抓住;稍等(電話用語)hold back 躊躇,阻止hold out 堅持到底;伸出(手)用hold相關(guān)短語填空1870年,狄更斯去世了,全世界為他深深默哀,把他當(dāng)作是首位著名的,又受人尊敬的職業(yè)作家和出版商,在小說出版和讀者數(shù)量上引領(lǐng)了爆炸性的發(fā)展。他所塑造的人物,從奧利弗到小蒂姆,都被當(dāng)作了道德的標(biāo)桿。in 1870, when dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom oliver twist to tiny timwere held up as moral touchstones.(2018年6月浙江,閱讀理解a)警察阻攔不住人群。the police were unable to hold back the crowd.1.it was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那個時期,虎鯨(當(dāng)時被稱為“殺手”)幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉須鯨。ittherethisthat was a time when.是when引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞a time “曾經(jīng);一度”。歸納拓展其他與time有關(guān)的句型:itthisthat is the firstsecond.time that sb.havehas doneitthisthat was the firstsecond.time that sb.had done這那是某人第幾次做某事it is (highabout) time that sb.didsb.should do sth.該是某人做某事的時候了(should不可以省略)完成句子他生活在一個盲人無法接受大量教育的時代。he lived in a time when the blind couldnt get much education.那個國家曾經(jīng)很強大。there was a time when that nation was a powerful country.這是這位總統(tǒng)第一次訪問這個國家。this is the first time that the president has visited the country.2.as we drew closer,i could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.隨著我們的靠近,我能看見一條鯨魚正被其他大約六條(虎鯨)襲擊。see a whale being attacked看到一條鯨魚正在被襲擊,句中being attacked作賓語補足語,表示被動的含義。being done結(jié)構(gòu)是doing的被動形式, 在句中作主語、賓語、定語、賓語補足語等。完成句子當(dāng)我還是個孩子時,我喜歡看修理自行車。when i was a child,i liked to watch bicycles being repaired.正在建設(shè)的這所學(xué)校是給這個地區(qū)的孩子們使用的。the school being built is for the children in the area.她受不了人家那樣跟她開玩笑。she could not bear being made fun of like that. “being done”形式作賓語補足語和后置定語時表被動同時又表進行,然而在作主語和賓語時僅表被動。3.this was the call that an