一份規(guī)范的改證函主要包括三方面內(nèi)容： 1 感謝對方開來信用證。2 列明不符點(diǎn)并說明如何修改。3 感謝對方合作，并希望信用證修改書早日開到。常用的語句有：(1) Thank you for you L/C No.SG99WE34 issued by West Country Bank, Los Angeles Branch dated February 5, 2000.(2) We are very pleased to receive your L/C No.YUC9022 established by the National Bank of Bangladesh dated March 1, 2001 against S/C No.98DXB15.(3) However, we are sorry to find it contains the following discrepancies.(4) But the following points are in discrepancy with the stipulations of our S/C No. ERT12.(5) As to the description of the goods, please insert the “red” before “sun”.(6) Please delete the clause “The invoice evidences that the goods are packed in wooden cases,” and insert the wording “The invoice evidences that the goods are packed in cartons.”(7) Please amend the amount in figure to US$78,450.00.(8) The expiry date should be February 15, 2001 instead of February 5, 2001.(9) Please extend the shipment date and the validity of the L/C to March 15, 2001 and March 30, 2001 respectively.(10) Thank you for your kind cooperation. Please see to it that the L/C amendment reaches us within next week, otherwise we cannot effect punctual shipment.改證函撰寫模版Write a letter in English asking for amendments to each of the following letters of credit by checking it with the given contract terms.(1)Dear Sirs, We have received your L/C No.2211, but regret to say that we have found some discrepancies in the above mentioned L/C. Please make the following amendments in the L/C. 1)The beneficiary should be China Machinery Imp/Exp Corp. and the applicant should be Smith & Co. 2)The credit number should be 2211 instead of 2234. 3)S/C number should be A2066, not B1124. 4)Delete “30days after” in relation to the draft. 5)Unit price should be at US$60000 CFR EMP 6)Delete insurance clause. 7)“Partial shipments prohibited” should read “Partial shipments allowed.” As the stipulated time of shipment is drawing near, please make the requested amendments to the L/C as soon as possible so that we can effect shipment in time. Yours faithfully, (2)Dear Sirs, Thank you very much for your L/C No. F-07567. However, upon checking, we have found some discrepancies and would request you to make the following amendments: 1)The place of expiry should be in China instead of Melbourne. 2)The amount both in figures and in words should respectively be US$150000 and Say US Dollars One Hundred And Fifty Thousand Only. 3)Transshipment should be allowed. 4)Delete insurance clause. 5)The specifications should be tins of 450 grams instead of 500 grams. 6)As per contract No. SP5666 instead of Sp2316. Please make amendments as soon as possible so as to enable us to arrange shipment. Yours，(3)Dear Sirs, Thank you for your L/C No. 97425, but we regret to say that we have found some discrepancies. Please amend the L/C as follows: 1)“US$10000(Say US Dollars Ten Thousand Only)” should read “f10000(Say Pounds Sterling Ten Thousand Only).2)“Freight to collect” should read “freight prepaid.” 3)“Shipment from China port to Manchester, England” should read “Shipment from China port to Liverpool, England”. 4)“Partial shipments are allowed. Transshipment is prohibited.” Should read “Partial shipments are prohibited. Transshipment is allowed.” 5)“This credit expires on July 31, 2002” should read “This credit expires on August 15, 2002.” We are awaiting your early telex amendments. Yours根據(jù)合同條款審證并起草改證函【要點(diǎn)歸納】本類型試題涉及兩個(gè)方面：一是通過審證找出應(yīng)該修改之處；二是寫一封英文信函提出具體改證要求。在外貿(mào)實(shí)際業(yè)務(wù)中，當(dāng)外銷員收到外商寄來的信用證時(shí)，應(yīng)對照銷售合同嚴(yán)格審查信用證的各項(xiàng)條款。（一） 審證審證應(yīng)熟練掌握以下十個(gè)方面的要領(lǐng)：1、信用證的種類必須與合同規(guī)定一致。如合同規(guī)定用保兌的不可撤銷的跟單信用證付款(Confirmed, irrevocable documentary credit)，則信用證應(yīng)正確明示。但應(yīng)注意：UPS500（以下簡稱“慣例”）規(guī)定如果信用證未注明時(shí)可撤銷的(revocable)，則視為不可撤銷的。2、信用證的開證人和受益人(beneficiary)不能顛倒，不能錯(cuò)寫為某個(gè)第三方；雙方的名字應(yīng)與合同完全一致；開證人一般為進(jìn)口人，受益人一般為出口人。3、信用證中引述的合同號必須正確。4、信用證的金額絕對不能低于合同金額（注：信用證金額允許超過合同金額）；所用貨幣種類、金額大小寫應(yīng)與合同一致；如貨物數(shù)量有5%溢短裝的規(guī)定，則信用證金額也須注明 “5% more or less”。5、信用證所規(guī)定的即期付款或遠(yuǎn)期付款須與合同規(guī)定一致。若是遠(yuǎn)期付款，還應(yīng)注意付款的具體期限是否一致。6、信用證的裝運(yùn)期和有效期既要符合合同要求，又要注意兩個(gè)日期的合理關(guān)系，信用證有效期一般應(yīng)比裝運(yùn)期晚15天，這樣才能保證裝運(yùn)后安全結(jié)匯。此外，還應(yīng)特別注意信用證的到期起點(diǎn)，若規(guī)定在受益人所在國境外到期則不能接受，因?yàn)槭芤嫒穗y以確定單據(jù)寄到境外銀行的時(shí)間。7、信用證所列貨物的品名、規(guī)格、數(shù)量、單價(jià)、總值，以及傭金和折扣的規(guī)定等均須符合合同規(guī)定。8、審核運(yùn)輸條款與合同是否一致，是否合理。具體應(yīng)注意以下三個(gè)方面：（1）裝運(yùn)港和目的港必須符合合同要求（但若信用證規(guī)定的港口范圍大于合同要求，等于給了受益人更大選擇余地，則不必修改，例如：合同規(guī)定的裝運(yùn)港/目的港分別是Shanghai和London，而信用證規(guī)定為China Port 和European main port，則完全可以接受）；目的港在信用證中可能出現(xiàn)兩次（一次是在運(yùn)輸條款中出現(xiàn)，另一次是在價(jià)格條款中出現(xiàn)），審證時(shí)應(yīng)注意兩者的一致。（2）注意分批裝運(yùn)和轉(zhuǎn)船規(guī)定應(yīng)符合合同要求，還應(yīng)注意分批批數(shù)和轉(zhuǎn)船地點(diǎn)、次數(shù)有無特別要求。（注：根據(jù)“慣例”規(guī)定，信用證若對分批和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)無明確要求，則視為允許。）（3）注意包裝要求和嘜頭應(yīng)與合同保持一致。9、信用證中規(guī)定的價(jià)格條款必須與合同要求一致（若信用證中漏掉該項(xiàng)條款，則須要求開證人補(bǔ)上）。10、投保險(xiǎn)別和金額必須符合合同規(guī)定。具體應(yīng)注意以下三個(gè)方面：（1）如信用證要求合同條款外的險(xiǎn)別且不明確說明額外保費(fèi)由開證人負(fù)擔(dān)，則應(yīng)要求其修改；（2）一般合同均規(guī)定投保金額為 “110% of Invoice value”，如超出此金額，信用證又未明確額外保費(fèi)由開證人負(fù)擔(dān)，也應(yīng)修改；（3）如價(jià)格條件是FOB或CFR，信用證則不能要求受益人投?；蛱峁┍ｋU(xiǎn)單據(jù)。（二） 改證改證信函的正文一般包括三個(gè)層次的內(nèi)容：1、說明收到了信用證并表示經(jīng)審核發(fā)現(xiàn)有不符要求之處（最基本的要求是說明信用證號碼）；2、信用證具體要修改的內(nèi)容（最為重要）；3、信函的結(jié)尾（表達(dá)要求盡快修改的意愿即可）。改證函常用套語：1、 開頭語：Thank you for your L/C Noagainst Contract NoWe are glad to inform you that we have received your L/C Noagainst our S/C NoYour L/C Nohas been received with thanks.2、“經(jīng)審查，發(fā)現(xiàn)”：On examination, we find thatOn going through the clauses, we find with regret that3、常見改證內(nèi)容及表達(dá)：Please amend the L/C to readPlease amend the L/C allowing transshipment and partial shipments.Please delete / cross off / leave outPlease insertPlease change into / amend to read / should be instead of / insert before / add before4、結(jié)束語：Please amend the relative L/C at once under advice to us.We shall appreciate it if you will give this matter your immediate attention.Please send us your amendments to the L/C as soon as possible._附：改證函例證Aug. 23, 2002Dear Sirs,Thank you very much for your L/C No. 456 which we have duly received. After checking it, however, we would request you to make the following amendments:1.The beneficiary should be “Tianjin Foreign Trade Corporation” instead of “Beijing Foreign Trade Corporation”.2.The total amount of the credit should be “USD23, 000 5% more or less” instead of “USD23, 000”.3.“Bank expenses for beneficiarys account” should be deleted from the credit.4.The word “New York” should be added to the term CFR.5.The credit should be “valid until Oct. 15, 1999 in Tianjin” instead of “in New York”.We hope you will make the above amendments as early as possible and thank you for your cooperation. Yours truly英文合同基本內(nèi)容簡介【注意事項(xiàng)】合同作為具有法律約束力的文件，在實(shí)際業(yè)務(wù)中十分重要。填制外銷合同是出口業(yè)務(wù)中一項(xiàng)非常關(guān)鍵的工作，既要將所有買賣雙方經(jīng)過反復(fù)談判達(dá)成的條款填寫完整，又要求語言正確、準(zhǔn)確、符合規(guī)范。為此，應(yīng)注意以下兩個(gè)問題：（一） 必須完全看懂合同，正確理解買賣雙方的往來函電內(nèi)容。在此基礎(chǔ)上，還應(yīng)特別留意在“討價(jià)還價(jià)”過程中一些交易條件的變更及最后的確認(rèn)；此外，有些條件買賣雙方若未明示，則按慣例辦理，如：嘜頭(Shipping Mark)，雙方如未明確說明則可寫為 “At Sellers Option”（由賣方選定）；保險(xiǎn)(Insurance)，如按慣例辦理則是指“按發(fā)票金額的110%投?！?for 110% of the invoice value)。（二） 必須熟悉買賣合同的基本內(nèi)容，熟記合同主要條款的英文名稱及英文表達(dá)?，F(xiàn)將合同的12項(xiàng)基本內(nèi)容及其英文表達(dá)簡介如下：1、買賣雙方的名稱和地址(Sellers / Buyers)相關(guān)信息可在成交憑證的往來英文函電中找到，如：（1）信函的“信頭”、“落款”均指寫信人；（2）“封內(nèi)地址”是指收信人；（3）Outgoing / Incoming分別表示“發(fā)出”與“收進(jìn)”的信函。2、商品名稱(Commodity)如有牌號，則需填寫，且要大寫。3、商品規(guī)格(Specifications)商品規(guī)格實(shí)際上是反映商品品質(zhì)的，不同商品有不同規(guī)格，其表達(dá)方式也各不相同。如：（1）型號：Type / Model No.（2）貨號：Art. No.（3）尺寸大小、色彩搭配：2040yards / yellow and white equally assorted（4）包裝規(guī)格：in cans of 250 grams（5）質(zhì)量符合樣品規(guī)格：Quality as per sample No4、數(shù)量(Quantity)注意計(jì)量單位的表示，如：piece / pcs（件），set（套，臺），yard / yds.（碼），metric ton / M/T（公噸），case/ c/s（箱），carton（紙板箱），dozen / dz.（打）等。5、單價(jià)(Unit Price)一般用 “Atper”的表達(dá)方式。按照國際貿(mào)易慣例，單價(jià)應(yīng)包含價(jià)格術(shù)語在內(nèi)。完整的單價(jià)由四部分構(gòu)成，缺一不可：（1）貨幣名稱及單位；（2）金額；（3）計(jì)價(jià)數(shù)量單位；（4）貿(mào)易術(shù)語。例如：USD 100.00 per carton CIF Vancouver / at ￥ 47.50 per dozen CFR Shanghai6、總值(Total Value)一般要求給出大小寫兩種寫法，即先用數(shù)字后用文字在括號中表示。用文字填寫時(shí)應(yīng)注意第一個(gè)詞用 “SAY”，最后用 “ONLY”結(jié)尾。例如：CAD 30,000 (SAY CANADIAN DOLLARS THIRTY THOUSAND ONLY)7、包裝(Packing)根據(jù)繁簡不同的要求，一般分為三種情況表達(dá)：（1）“用包裝”(in)（2）“用裝，每件裝多少”(in, each containing/ inofeach)（3）“用裝，每件裝多少，若干件裝一大件”(inofeach, to)8、嘜頭(Shipping Mark)一般由買賣雙方選定，可用 “At Buyers Option” / “At Sellers Option”表達(dá)；若未作明確說明，則按 “At Sellers Option”填寫。9、保險(xiǎn)(Insurance)應(yīng)熟悉表現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)中常見的三個(gè)基本險(xiǎn)和常見的附加險(xiǎn)。若函電中對該條款未予明示，則按慣例處理，即： “To be covered by the Sellers (or Buyers) for 110% of the invoice value against All Risks and War Risk as per”（由買/賣方根據(jù)條例，按發(fā)票金額的110%投保一切險(xiǎn)和戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)）；在以FOB / CFR 術(shù)語成交時(shí)，應(yīng)由買方自行投保，此時(shí)可簡單寫為： “To be effected by the Buyers”。10、裝期(Time of Shipment)裝期一般只用“某年某月”，按英文習(xí)慣，先寫月、后寫年，介詞用in/during。此外，若是分