1、名詞性從句完美講義第一節(jié)相關(guān)概念一、 定義：在復(fù)合句中相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，做主語、賓語、表語、同位語的從句。二、 引導(dǎo)詞：1.連詞：that , if, whether, as if2.連接代詞:who , what, which, whose, whom以及whoever, whatever, whichever等3.連接畐U詞:whe n, where, why, how，when ever, wherever,however等三、 各類名詞性從句的特征：主語從句表語從句賓語從句同位語從句練習(xí)：辨別下列名詞性從句的類別。1.How the book will sell depe nds on

2、its author.2.Joh n said that he was leavi ng for London on Wedn esday.3.The fact is that he has not bee n see n rece ntly.4.The fact that he has not bee n see n recen tly disturbs every one in his office.5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.6.It is impossible that I go and atte nd the meeti

3、 ng.第二節(jié)主語從句1.定義：在復(fù)合句中作句子主語的從句叫做主語從句。2.連接詞：引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞有三類：連詞that、whether;疑問代詞who, what, which,whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever ;疑問畐U詞when, where, how, why,however,whenever, wherever等 連詞that（無詞意），whether（是否）,在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用；whether能引導(dǎo)主語從句,而if不能。That you dont like him has nothing t

4、o do with me.Whether Joh n will do this experime nt rema ins a questio n.a. That the wou n ded soldier is still alive is a won der.常見的句型有：1It is/was +形容詞+that從句Its uniikely that 不可能2It is/was +名詞+that從句It sa pity that遺憾的是.3It +不及物動(dòng)詞+that從句It seems that 似乎.It appears that 看來.4It is/was +過去分詞+that從句It

5、 sn ot known that.不得而知5其他TIt is a wonder that the wounded soldier is still alive.It sstrange that奇怪的是Its a fact that事實(shí)是.It happe ned that碰巧It turns out that結(jié)果Its said that 據(jù)說.It doesnmatter +that /wh-Clause 是無關(guān)緊要的It makes no differenee +that /wh-Clause 毫無區(qū)另U. 疑問代詞who, what, which,在從句中既作連接詞又充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表

6、語、定語等。What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violi n so well.Whose dict ionary has not bee n found is still unknown.Whoever wants this book may take it. 疑問副詞when, where, how, why,whenever, however, wherever等在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、方式 狀語、原因狀語女口：When they will start hasnt been decid

7、ed yet.Where the hero ine wen t is not men ti oned at the end of the story.第三節(jié)表語從句1.定義：用作表語的從句叫做表語從句。2.引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞種類：連詞that，whether（無if）that在引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)無詞義，而whether有詞義，意為、是否”。這時(shí)主句的主語常常是些抽象名詞，如question（問題），trouble（麻煩），problem（問題），result（結(jié)果），chance（可能性），suggestion（建議），idea（想法），reason（理由）等。表語從句對(duì)主句主語進(jìn)行說明、解釋，

8、使主語的內(nèi)容具 體化。The trouble is （that） she has lost his money .麻煩的事是他丟了錢。The question is whether we need more ice cream .問題是我們是否還需要一些冰淇淋。我們不能理解越來越少的學(xué)生對(duì)他的課不感興趣。（2）連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever連接畐U詞where, when, how, why, wherever, whenever,however。女口：The problem is who we c

9、an get to replace her.問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。The question is how he did it.問題是他是如何做此事的。（3）由連詞because, as if/as though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句。It looked as if it was going to snow .看起來好像要下雪了。Thats because we never thought of it .這是因?yàn)槲覀儚奈聪脒^此事。第四節(jié)賓語從句1.定義：用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。2.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類：（1）從屬連詞that。女口：He told us that he felt ill

10、.他對(duì)我們說他感到不舒服。Everybody could see what happe ned and that Tom was frighte ned大家都會(huì)看出所發(fā)生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。（and連接兩個(gè)賓語從句，that賓語從句放在and的后面時(shí)，that不能省略。）I know nothing about him except that he is from the south .對(duì)他我一無所知，只知道他是南方人。（that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作介詞賓語時(shí)，that不能省略。）We decided, in view of his special circumsta nces, that

11、 we would admit him for aprobationary period.鑒于他的特殊情況，我們決定應(yīng)允他一段試用期。（主句謂語動(dòng)詞與that從句之間有插入語，that不可省略。）（2）從屬連詞if/whether。如：I doubt whether he will succeed.我懷疑他是否會(huì)成功。I dont know if you can help me我不知道你能否幫助我。if和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以互換使用，但whether常和or not連用，if一般不與or not連用。如：I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它

12、是真是假。用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句如果會(huì)引起歧義，應(yīng)避免使用if而用whether。試比較：Please let me know if you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.（3）連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever連接畐U詞where, when, how, why。Who or what he was, Martin n ever lear ned.他是什么人？他是干什么的？馬丁根本不知道。I wonder what hes wtO

13、inge about.我不知道他要給我寫信說什么事。4.賓語從句包括動(dòng)詞賓語從句，介詞賓語從句及形容詞賓語從句。(1)介詞賓語從句女口：He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他對(duì)那天發(fā)生的事感到很不快。(2)動(dòng)詞賓語從句注意：a.在dema nd, order, desire, request, comma nd in sist, suggest, advise,等 表愿望，命令等時(shí)，用虛擬語氣。賓語從句常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”。女口：a) I in sist that she (should) do her wor

14、k alone.b.動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+賓語從句。動(dòng)詞如：advise, ask, i nform, promise, questi on, remi nd, show, teach, tell, warn等，賓語從句前可以有一個(gè)間接賓語，這個(gè)賓語有時(shí)可以省略，有的不能省略。He has in formed me whe n they are to discuss my proposal .他已經(jīng)通知我們將什么時(shí)候討論我的建議。(me不可省略)(3) 形容詞或過去分詞后接賓語從句I am not certain whether I have met him before.我不能肯定從前是否見過他。

15、注意：that引導(dǎo)的從句在下列形容詞后面作賓語，that可以省略。an xious, aware, certai n, con fide nt, convinced,determ in ed, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, tha nkful, ashamed, disappo in ted, anno yed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content, proud等。第五節(jié)同位語從句1.定義：用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。2.用法：1同位語從句的先行詞多為fact, news, idea, thought, qu

16、estio n, reply, report, remark等，關(guān)聯(lián)詞多用從屬連詞that。如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.對(duì)你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。注：同位語從句偶爾由從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)。如：I have no idea whether hell come o我不知道他是否來。2連接代詞who, which, what和連接副詞where, when, why, how亦可引導(dǎo)同位語從句。The questi on who should do the work requires

17、con sideratio n.誰該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問題需要考慮。高考趨勢與重點(diǎn)名詞性從句在歷年地高考中幾乎都有所涉及，并且每年地命題各有變化。近年來地高考試題更側(cè)重于在一定地語言環(huán)境下考查熟練使用英語語序和關(guān)聯(lián)詞地能力。因此，在平時(shí)地備考復(fù)習(xí)中我們除了牢固掌握基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)外，還要多注意一定語境下基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)地運(yùn)用。一、It在名詞性從句中得用法：1.It is time that虛擬語氣)2.It is the first time that(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))3.It is necessary (important) that 虛擬語do )(4.It is likely(possible, obviou

18、s, cle ar, natural, certain,)that5.It is a pity(a fact, good n ews, no won der, an honour, a shame, com mon sen se, a com mon practice6.It turned out that；It happe ned that；It occurred to sb. that；7.It is said(reported, believed, estimated, announced, exp ected)that8.It is suggested(required, ordere

19、d) that虛擬語氣)(二、What與that在名詞性從句中用法比較：That Tom fell off his chair by accide nt got the classmates laugh ing.What Tom lear ned in uni versity helps him a lot in his job.注：that在從句中不作任何成分，what在從句中必須擔(dān)當(dāng)主語或賓語。We have reached what is called Xi nJie kou.三、賓語從句1.一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后跟多個(gè)賓語從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)開始的連詞that不能省略。He said (that) he

20、 didnt attend the party and that he didn2.否定轉(zhuǎn)移I dont think he is fit for the job, is he?I n ever thought that he would come for the dinner party.3.有些不可直接跟賓語從句的動(dòng)詞。I hate it when；I dislike it when；Id appreciate it ifI will see to it that4.與定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換Jerry told us_he had see n abroad.A.what B. all that C.

21、 all what D. all注：本題四個(gè)答案都正確。答案C可以看作all是前面的us的同位語。四、主語從句a.主語從句于定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換What is n eeded has bee n bought.All that is n eeded has bee n bought.b.幾個(gè)特殊句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換It is known to all that Chi na has joi ned the WTO.t want to.As is kn ow n to all, Chi na has joi ned the WTO.What is kn ow n to all is that Chi na

22、has joi ned the WTO.五、表語從句a.表語從句中的虛擬語氣My suggesti on is that we should carry out the pla n as soon as possible.b.幾個(gè)表語從句的切換The reas on why I came late is that my car broke dow n on the half way.He came late. Thats because his car broke down.His car broke down on the half way . Thats why he came late.

23、a.與定語從句的區(qū)別It is a fact that he has done his best.It is a fact that you cant refuse.b.同位語從句中的虛擬語氣The proposal that he put forward is to be discussed at the meet ing.The proposal that we should import more equipme nt is to be discussed.c.have no idea后面跟同位語從句I have no idea where Gree n Park lies.第一部分：基

24、礎(chǔ)題1._makes his shop differe nt is that it offers more pers onal services.A. What B. Who C. WhateverD. Whoever2.Its thirty years si nee westamet.But I still remember the story, believe it or not,_we got lost on a rainy ni ght.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whe n3.See the flags on top of the buildi ng? That

25、 was_we did this morning.A. whe nB. whichC. whereD. What4.Could you do me a favor?It depe nds on_it is.A. which B. whicheverC. whatD. whatever5.These shoes look very good. I won der_.A. how much cost they areB. how much do they costC. how much they costD. how much are they cost6.Doris success lies i

26、n the fact_she is co-operative and eager to lear n from others.A. whichB. thatC. whe nD. why7.Mary wrote an article on_the team had failed to win the game.A. whyB. whatC. whoD. that8.Do you have any idea_is actually going on in the classroom?A. thatB. whatC. asD. which9.Why does she always ask you f

27、or help?There is no one else_, is there?A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn10.Elepha nts have their own way to tell the shape of an object and_it is rough or smooth.A. /B. whetherC. howD. what11.Danny left word with my secretary_he would call aga in in the aft

28、er noon.A. whoB. thatC. asD. which12.Mum is coming. What prese nt_for your birthday?六、同位語從句A. you expect she has gotB. you expect has she gotC. do you expect she has gotD. do you expect has she got13.The way he did it was differe nt_we were used to.A. i n whichB. in whatC. from whatD. from which14.G

29、reat cha nges have take n place in that school. It is no Ion ger_it was 20 years ago,so poorly equipped.A. what; whe n B. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; that15.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt_a cure for AIDS will be found.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whetherit was第二部分：強(qiáng)化題1.We havent

30、settled the question of_itiecessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that2.A warm thought sudde nly came to me_I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for mymothers birthday.A. ifB. whe nC. thatD. which3.There is much cha nee_Bill will recover from his injury in time for th

31、e race.A. thatB. whichC. un tilD. if4.Please remi nd me_he said he was goin g. I may be in time to see him off.A. whereB. whe nC. howD. what5.We saw several n atives adva ncing towards our party, and one of them came up to us._we gave somebells and glasses.A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with wh

32、ich6.With his work completed, the bus in essma n stepped back to his seat, feeli ng pleased_he was a man ofactio n.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether7._eam wins on Saturday will go through to the n ati onal champi on ships.A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever8.I just won der t

33、hat makes him so excited.A. why it doesB. what he doesC. how it isD. what it is9._is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger , more prosperous economy.A. AsB. ThatC. ThisD. It10.Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class_he had to meet his uncle at the air

34、port.A. whyB. thatC. whereD. because11.The shopkeeper did not want to sell for_he thought was not eno ugh.A. whereB. howC. whatD. which12.He no ticed that the straight part of the dance was differe nt in the after noon from_it had bee n in themorni ng.A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which13.Id like to work

35、 with_is honest and easy to get on with. （200年山東模擬題）A. whoB. whoeverC. whomeverD. no matter who14.When you are readi ng, make a n ote of_you thi nk is of great importa nee.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whe n15.Can we get everyth ing ready by the weeke nd?It all depe nds on_we can get Mr. Gree nA. thatB.

36、whatC. whether1. A此題考察what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的用法。在此題中what引導(dǎo)主語從句，同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)主語。2.B通過對(duì)句子的分析可知，believe it or not是插入語，在此句中that引導(dǎo)的是the story的同位語從句。3.D通過對(duì)句子的分析可知，此題需要選一詞來引導(dǎo)表語從句， 而從句中的明顯缺少賓語， 故只能what用來充當(dāng)4.C介詞on后面賓語從句不完整，同時(shí)從句缺少主語，故只能由5.C wonder后面的從句是疑問句應(yīng)用陳述語序。即：特殊疑問詞6.B此句主句完整，從句也完整，故用that引導(dǎo)構(gòu)成與the fact的同位語從句。7.A why在它引導(dǎo)的從句

37、中充當(dāng)原因狀語，從句在主句里充當(dāng)介詞on的賓語。s cooperati on.D.what來充當(dāng)。+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞8.B what在它引導(dǎo)的從句中充當(dāng)主語，同時(shí)整個(gè)從句可看成是idea的同位語從句，來說明idea的具體內(nèi)容。9. B本題考查定語從句以及固定短語turn to的用法，關(guān)系代詞因?yàn)樵诤竺娑ㄕZ從句中做賓語因此省略掉，turn to sb求助于某人10.B本題根據(jù)意思以及后面與or的搭配關(guān)系可判斷該處是 是否”whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句。B本題考查名詞性從句 中的同位語從句，根據(jù)下文可知Danny留下的口信的內(nèi)容，that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。11.C本題考查雙重疑問句，疑問詞+do you

38、 think/believe/expect+句子的其他成分（句子用稱述句語序）。12.C本題考查固定短語be different from同時(shí)也考查名詞性從句中的賓語從句，介詞from后是賓語從句，但從句中be used to后面少賓語，且根據(jù)上文是我們過去習(xí)慣的方法，這用what符合語意。13.A本題考查的是名詞性從句中的表語從句，后面表語從句不完整，it was后面還缺少表語，根據(jù)意思是 “20年前的樣子”后面一個(gè)句子是對(duì)20年前的補(bǔ)充說明，是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，20年前學(xué)校設(shè)備條件不好，when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。14.B本題考查名詞性從句的同位語，doubt后的同位語根據(jù)意思沒有

39、懷疑故選擇that引導(dǎo)，that在從句中不充當(dāng)成 強(qiáng)化題1.C whether引導(dǎo)的從句構(gòu)成與名詞the question的同位語。（原答案似乎有誤）2.C主句完整，同時(shí)從句也不缺成分。根據(jù)句意可看出that引導(dǎo)的從句構(gòu)成與a warm thought的同位語。3.A that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，具體說明chance（可能性）的內(nèi)容。4.B句意：請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐宜f他將什么時(shí)候走。5.B因先行詞是natives，故淘汰A和D。又因give sth. to sb.固定短語，所以選B。介詞to可放在關(guān)系代詞whom的前面。6.B pleased后面缺少賓語從句，he was a man of action句意

40、完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。7.D No matter what/which只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，排除A和B。C和D的區(qū)別在于一個(gè)無范圍，一個(gè)有范圍。8.D wonder后面的賓語從句本是what makes him so excited:。但what需要被強(qiáng)調(diào)，故用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。9.D本題考查it作形式主語，后面的that引導(dǎo)真正的主句從句.10.B本題考查同位語從句reason后面 有for引導(dǎo)的短語,接著后面是that引導(dǎo)的句子來說明理由的內(nèi)容.11.C本題考查名詞性從句的賓語從句，介詞for后接賓語從句但賓語從句中缺少主語，he thought是插入語.連詞what引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中充當(dāng)主

41、語,which的意思不符合.12.C本題考查固定短語be differentfrom同時(shí)也考查名詞性從句中的賓語從句，介詞from后是賓語從句，但從句中it had been后面少表語，所以what符合語意、。13.B本題考查名詞性從句中的介詞賓語從句，根據(jù)下文意思以及在賓語從句中作主語，D不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，who表達(dá)的意思不對(duì)14.C本題考查名詞性從句介詞賓語，賓 語從句中you think是插入語，故句中缺少主語，which意思不對(duì)，故選what15.C本題考查介詞賓語從句，根據(jù)上下 文意思該處應(yīng)該是”我們是否能得到Green先生的.2012高考英語單選題分類匯編名詞性從句【2012安徽

42、】27. The limits of a pers onin tellige nee，gen erally speak ing， are fixed at birth， but_he reaches these limits will depe nd on his environment.A. whereB. whetherC. thatD. why【答案】B【2012重慶】34. Evidenee has been found through years of study_childrenearly sleepingproblems are likely to continue when they grow up.A. why B. how C. whether D. that【答案】D【2012全國】24. It is by no means clearthe preside nt can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【答案】