1、簡單句簡單句 (simple sentence) 并列句并列句 (compound sentence)復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 (complex sentence)What kinds of English sentences do you know?簡單句簡單句: 只有只有主語主語(或并列主語或并列主語) 和和謂語謂語(或并列謂語或并列謂語): .Tom likes rock music. .Tom and John are fond of rock music. .Tom sat down at his desk and began to do his homework.特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動詞都特點(diǎn)：句子

2、謂語動詞都不能不能表達(dá)一個完整的表達(dá)一個完整的意思，必須意思，必須加上加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語表語構(gòu)成構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動詞叫做這類動詞叫做( (連連) )系系動詞。動詞。 1.含含“是是”意義的有：意義的有：2.表感知狀態(tài)的表感知狀態(tài)的 有有3.表示狀態(tài)表示狀態(tài)變化變化的有：的有：4.表狀態(tài)延續(xù)的有：表狀態(tài)延續(xù)的有：常見的系動詞有哪些？常見的系動詞有哪些？feel, smell, taste, sound, look;become, get, grow, turn, go, run, fall;remain,

3、keep, stay;be, seem, prove1. _主語主語+系動詞系動詞+表語表語 (S+V+P)系動詞的用法系動詞的用法: (注意三點(diǎn)注意三點(diǎn)) +_作表語作表語; 無無 _; 無無 _; e.g. The dish _. (嘗起來好吃嘗起來好吃) The story _. (聽起來有趣聽起來有趣).adj. 賓語賓語被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)tastes delicioussounds interesting主系表主系表S+V+P1. You are very happy.2. Everything looks nice. 3. The weather became colder and

4、colder.beautiful Correct mistakes:1.Her voice sounds beautifully.2. Jim was remained a worker.2. _ Our chalk has run out. On hearing the news, he cheered.經(jīng)常經(jīng)?？疾榈牟患拔飫釉~（或短語）考查的不及物動詞（或短語）: “發(fā)生發(fā)生” _; _; _ ; _ “用完用完,用光用光”_; _. 不及物動詞的用法不及物動詞的用法: 無無 _, 無無_ 主語主語 + 謂語謂語 (S + V)happen occurtake placebreak out

5、run out give out 賓語賓語被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)(1)The teacher was speaking.2每天八點(diǎn)開始上課。每天八點(diǎn)開始上課。(begin)every day. Classes begin at eight111明天她會過來。明天她會過來。(come)She will come tomorrow.five years ago.2五年前我住在武漢。五年前我住在武漢。 (live)I livedin Wuhan1、Translation Do you know what was happened yesterday? 2、Correct the mistake 基本句型基

6、本句型 三三 特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞都是特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞都是實(shí)義動詞實(shí)義動詞，但不能表，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟賓語達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟賓語(即該動作的承受即該動作的承受者者)才能使意思完整。此時，這類動詞叫做才能使意思完整。此時，這類動詞叫做及及物動詞或者短語物動詞或者短語。常見的及物動詞有：常見的及物動詞有：like, enjoy, desire, expect, look for, take care of等等。等等。 e.g. We like the movie. S Vo2022-2-27131昨晚我寫了一封信。昨晚我寫了一封信。 2這本書我已經(jīng)讀過多次了。這本書我已經(jīng)讀過多次了。I wr

7、ote a letter last night. I have read this book many times.Translation 基本句型基本句型 四四 + +IO +D 特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞必須跟有特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個兩個賓語才能表達(dá)完賓語才能表達(dá)完 整的意思。這兩個賓語一個是動作的整的意思。這兩個賓語一個是動作的直接承受直接承受者者，另一個是動作的，另一個是動作的間接承受者間接承受者。 通?？筛臑椋和ǔ？筛臑椋篹.g. She gave Tom an apple. I bought him a pen yesterday. 主主 +謂謂+直賓直賓+介詞介詞+間賓間賓=She ga

8、ve an apple to Tom.=She bought a pen for him 基本句型基本句型 四四（及物）（及物）I（多指人）（多指人）D（多指物）（多指物）1. I 2. Heshowedboughthimme my pictures. a beautiful skirt.若要若要先說出直接賓語，后說間接賓語，則要借助與先說出直接賓語，后說間接賓語，則要借助與介詞介詞to 或或for。He bought me a beautiful skirt.He bought a beautiful skirt for me.用用to側(cè)重指動作的方向，表示側(cè)重指動作的方向，表示朝著，向著，

9、對著某人。朝著，向著，對著某人。用用for 側(cè)重指動作的受益者，表示側(cè)重指動作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語的動詞有：常跟雙賓語的動詞有：（需借助（需借助 to的）的）bring, give, lend, offer, pass, pay, teach, tell, write, ask等等（需借助（需借助for的）的）buy, call, cook, choose, find, get, 等等。181. 今年劉老師教我們數(shù)學(xué)。今年劉老師教我們數(shù)學(xué)。 (teach)2昨晚她給我們講了一個有趣的故事。昨晚她給我們講了一個有趣的故事。(tell) 3. 你能把那本字典

10、遞給我嗎？你能把那本字典遞給我嗎？ (pass)Mr. Liu teaches us maths this year.She told us an interesting story last night.Could you pass me the dictionary? 基本句型基本句型 五五特點(diǎn)：動詞雖然是特點(diǎn)：動詞雖然是及物動詞及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個補(bǔ)充語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整。成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整。 判斷原則：判斷原則：此類結(jié)構(gòu)能表達(dá)成此類結(jié)構(gòu)能表達(dá)成（賓語）（賓語）是是/要做

11、要做e.g. We made him the manager. 主主謂謂賓賓賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)I heard him singing.1. 1. I saw him writing a letter.I saw him writing a letter.2. I find maths difficult.2. I find maths difficult.3. We call her Lily.3. We call her Lily.4. Father asked me to turn off the TV.4. Father asked me to turn off the TV.分析下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)及

12、其成分。分析下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)及其成分。 1.Plants need water. S+V+O ( 主主 + 謂謂+ 賓賓 ) 2.The flower is so fresh.S +V +P (主主 + 系系 + 表表) 3.They work hard. S +V (主主 + 謂謂 ) 4.He gives me some seeds. S +V +IO + DO (主主 + 謂謂 + 間賓間賓 + 直賓直賓) 5.We should keep the classroom clean.S+V +O +OC (主主 + 謂謂 + 賓賓 + 賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ))更正下列句子的錯誤更正下列句子的錯誤Exerc

13、ises :Exercises :1. He came the room. 2. The music sounds. 3. I have seen. 4. He gave a pen me. 5. My father bought a book to me. 1. He came into the room. 2. The music sounds wonderful. 3. I have seen the film.4. He gave a pen to me. 5. My father bought a book for me . Exercises :Exercises : 翻譯下列句子

14、并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：翻譯下列句子并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 1.我經(jīng)常在早晨讀英語。我經(jīng)常在早晨讀英語。 2. 2.瑪麗是個聰明的學(xué)生?，旣愂莻€聰明的學(xué)生。3.3.我的老師交給我一封信。我的老師交給我一封信。4. 4.我母親經(jīng)常叫我努力學(xué)習(xí)。我母親經(jīng)常叫我努力學(xué)習(xí)。5. 5.我們叫我們的老師王先生我們叫我們的老師王先生 6. 6.他正在房里做家庭作業(yè)。他正在房里做家庭作業(yè)。1. I often read English in the morning. 2. Mary is a clever student. 3. My teacher gave me a letter. 4. My mother oft

15、en asks me to study hard. 5. We call our teacher Mr. Wang. 6. He is doing his homework in the room. 主主 + + 謂謂 + + 賓賓主主 + + 系系 + + 表表 主主 + + 謂謂 + + 雙賓雙賓 主主+ + 謂謂 + + 賓賓 + +賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)主主+ + 謂謂 + + 賓賓 + + 賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)主主 + + 謂謂 + + 賓賓請用所學(xué)知識完成下面雙向翻譯請用所學(xué)知識完成下面雙向翻譯,并分析并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)。 Our class is made up of 42 members. This is a big family. We always help each other. Our monitor is a boy. He studies very hard.We call him bookworm,1._and he is always ready to help others. 我們都很喜歡他。2._ Our class is happy grou