1、.定語從句1、 關(guān)系詞的根本用法引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)某種句子成分，有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩種。1.關(guān)系代詞that既可以指人也可以指物，指人時間一般可與who,whom互換，指物時一般可與which互換。That在從句中可作主語、賓語、表語，作賓語時可以省略。His father works in a factory that/which makes cars.他父親在一家汽車制造廠工作。注意：作介詞賓語時，介詞不可提到that之前；假設(shè)介詞提早，指物用which,指人用whom。 2.關(guān)系代詞which一般指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語，作賓語時可以省略放在介詞后除外。

2、Did you see the letter which came today?你看到今天來的那封信嗎？3.關(guān)系代詞who,whom都用于指人。who在定語從句中作主語、賓語，whom在定語從句中作賓語；who,whom可代替whom作賓語。作賓語的關(guān)系代詞who,whom可以省略，但whom放在介詞后時不能省略。The man who lives in that house is my uncle.住在那所房子里的人是我叔叔。Tom is the boywho/whom we saw in the shop.湯姆就是我們在商店里看見的那個男孩。注意：whom在從句中作介詞的賓語，且介詞提到w

3、hom前面時，不能用who代替。4.關(guān)系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語，可以指人也可以指物。Chaplin was a great actor whose name is well-known all over the world.卓別林是一位出名于世的偉大演員。The book whose cover is broken belongs to me.那本封面破了的書是我的。5.引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語時應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞。表示時間用副詞一般可用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞交換。From he year when/in which he was 10,he began to learn French by him

4、self.他從10歲那年開場自學(xué)法語。The reason why/for which he refused the invitation is not clear.他回絕邀請的原因不明確。二、只用that不用which的情況1.先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級修飾或先行詞本身就是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級時。This is the most exciting game that Ive ever played.這是我玩過的最刺激的游戲。2.先行詞是不定代詞all,little,few,much,something,anything,everything等或被all,every,no,some,an

5、y,little,much等修飾時。He did everything that he could to help me.他盡他所能來幫助我。3.先行詞被the only,the very等修飾時。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice. 我們唯一能幫的事情就是給你一些建議。4.先行詞既有人又有物時。 Vera describe in her article the people and places that interested her most. 維拉在文章中描繪了最讓她感興趣的一些人和地方。三、只用which不

6、用that的情況。 1.用于介詞后，跟介詞一起引導(dǎo)定語從句時。 The house in which I used to live has become a clothes shop. 我過去住的房子如今變成了一家服裝店。 2.先行詞本身是that時。 Whats that which flashed in the sky just now? 剛剛在天空中一閃而過的是什么？四、只用who不用that的情況 1.先行詞假如是指人的不定代詞或指示代詞，如one,anyone,no one,all,nobody,none, those等,不適宜用that。 Those who have good m

7、anners will be respected. 那些有禮貌的人會受到尊重。2. 領(lǐng)先行詞指人并含有較長的后置定語或在被分割的定語從句中時，用who不用 that。 The artist is coming soon who will give us a talk on oil painting. 那位給我們作油畫講座的藝術(shù)家快要到了。 專項練習(xí) 1.The movie we saw last night was fantastic. A.that B.what C.whose D.who 2.People are talking about the old houses Jackie Ch

8、an bought in Anhui twenty years ago. A.where B.which C.who D.whom 3.They young lady is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net. A.who B.whom C.which D.whose 4.Yesterday Li Ming went to the village his family lived ten years ago. A.when B.which C.where

9、 D.that 5.-Do you know the girl with our English teacher often? -Yes,her name is Helen. A.whom to talk B.who talks C.who is talking D.whom talks 6.Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut has ever traveled in space. A.whom B.which C.who D.whose 7.-What are you looking for? -Im looking for the watch I bought yesterday. A.which B.who C.whose D.whom 8.This is the school we visited last year. A.that B.where C.who D.whose 9.The house Lu Xun used to liv