1、2015年中考命題要點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化與新題預(yù)測(cè)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)【考點(diǎn)串講】中考對(duì)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查主要是不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 高頻考向一語(yǔ)態(tài)用法的重點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞中，只有及物動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 【例1】【2013，江西】The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France.His new book _ into French as soon as it came out. Awas translated Btranslated Cis translated D

2、translates 解析：“他的新書(shū)”作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句也應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：_A_ 【例2】【2013，鹽城】In the past few years，thousands of films _ all over the world. Ahave produced Bhave been produced Care producing Dare being produced 解析：由“in the past few years在過(guò)去的幾年里”可知要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。“films”作主語(yǔ)，須用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案：_B_ 高頻考向二語(yǔ)

3、態(tài)用法的難點(diǎn)某些動(dòng)詞形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但含有被動(dòng)的意思。如：This dictionary sells well.這種字典很好銷(xiāo)售。The woolen sweater costs $88.這件羊毛衫賣(mài)88美元。The car needs repairing.That car needs to be repaired.那輛車(chē)需要修理。The soup tastes delicious.這湯嘗起來(lái)味道很好。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中有些動(dòng)詞，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要帶上to.如：He made the boy work for

4、himThe boy was made to work for him.這男孩被迫為他工作。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)短語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面的介詞或副詞不能省略。如：The baby was looked after by her sister.這嬰兒由她姐姐照顧。His plan was laughed at by everyone.大家都嘲笑他的計(jì)劃。形容詞cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。如：A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行車(chē)是很經(jīng)濟(jì)的。This qu

5、estion is difficult to answer.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難回答。形容詞worth后接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，該動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。如：The book is worth reading.這本書(shū)值得讀一讀。【例3】【2013，常州】This listening material，together with its CDROMs，_well. Asells Bsell Cis sold Dare sold 解析：本文的主語(yǔ)為this listening material，為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)；sell well意為“暢銷(xiāo)”。句意為“這份聽(tīng)力材料以及它的光盤(pán)很暢銷(xiāo)”。答案：_A_ 【例4】【201

6、3，黃石】This pair of shoes_hand，and it _very comfortable. Ais made with；is felt Bare made from；is felt Care made of；feels Dis made by；feels 解析：“這雙鞋是由手工制成的，它感覺(jué)起來(lái)很舒服?！敝髡Z(yǔ)this pair of shoes是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的承受者，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，用is made by；feel為連系動(dòng)詞，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 答案：_D_ 【例5】【2013，呼和浩特】 If you see the cartoon film，you wi

7、ll_laugh. Abe made Bbe made to Cmade to Dmake 解析：“如果你看到這部動(dòng)畫(huà)電影，你將會(huì)被逗笑”可以判斷用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞make在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，后面跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，而變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)to必須加上。 答案：_B_ 【要點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化】【例1】【2013天津】36.What languages _ in that country'? German and EnglishA. are speaking B. are spoken C. speak D. is spoken【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：那個(gè)國(guó)家說(shuō)什么語(yǔ)言？德語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)。通過(guò)上句可知“語(yǔ)

8、言是被人們所說(shuō)”，即用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)即句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，排除A、C；又因主語(yǔ)languages是復(fù)數(shù)形式，排除A。答案：_B_【例2】【2013陜西】28. The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _.A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：自從手機(jī)發(fā)明后，它在很大程度上影響了人們的生活。根據(jù)句意判斷用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，手機(jī)與動(dòng)詞invent在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案：_D_ 【例3】 【201

9、3哈爾濱】26. On June 11th, 2013,Shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts _ into space from the space center in Jiuquan. All the Chinese people are proud of its successful launch.A. sent up B. are sent up C. was sent up 【解析】本題考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。由On June 11th, 2013可知該句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，排除B項(xiàng)；主語(yǔ)Shenzhou-10與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

10、，故選C。答案：_C_ 1.【2013江蘇常州】6. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, well.A. sellsB. sellC. is soldD. are sold【答案】A【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副詞連用的不及物動(dòng)詞如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等，且主語(yǔ)是非生命的名詞或代詞，用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)含義。本句的主語(yǔ)為T(mén)his listening material為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)；sell

11、 well意為“暢銷(xiāo)”。句意為“這個(gè)聽(tīng)力材料以及它的光盤(pán)很暢銷(xiāo)?！惫蔬xA。2.【2013湖南益陽(yáng)】30. The sports meeting_next month.A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held【答案】C 【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。主語(yǔ)the sports meeting不能執(zhí)行謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hold，是hold的承受者，需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。next month說(shuō)明句子用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為：will be held。故選C。3.【2013 湖南衡陽(yáng)】27. Teenagers allowed to drive.A. should

12、 not be B. should be not C. not should be【答案】A【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的否定形式。其形式為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。故選A。4.【2013湖北宜昌】34. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 【答案】B【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

13、的用法。句子大意為“小組學(xué)習(xí)為學(xué)生提供了更多相互學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)”?！皺C(jī)會(huì)”和“提供”之間存在“被動(dòng)”關(guān)系，須用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有are offered為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。所以選擇答案B。5.【2013湖北十堰】36. I want to borrow the book, but I dont know how long it may _. For two weeks.A. keepB. be borrowedC. borrowD. be kept36【答案】D【解析】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞用法辨析，根據(jù)題干意義我們知道書(shū)應(yīng)該被借或者被保存，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。又根據(jù)回答For two weeks.可以知道是一

14、段時(shí)間，所以要選用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞keep，根據(jù)以上兩個(gè)條件，選D。6.【2013湖北孝感】38. Many trees _ on the streets every years. So the air is very fresh now. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted【答案】B 【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。根據(jù)“every years”得知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)是Many trees故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此選B。7.【2013湖北襄陽(yáng)】39. Didn't you see the sign "No Pa

15、rking!" on the right?Sorry, I didn't. But now I know parking here.A. wasn't allowed B. isn't allowedC. won't allow D. doesn't allow39.【答案】B【解析】選B。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。由上句中的"No Parking!"可知，停車(chē)不被允許，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now可知，考察一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選B。8.【2013湖北咸寧】30. From May 6, pedestrians(行人) 10 yuan

16、 if they run red lights, according to Beijing traffic authorities. A. will fine B. were fined  C. are fine  D. will be fined30. 【答案】D 【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)pedestrians是動(dòng)詞作的承受者，應(yīng)當(dāng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；再根據(jù)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，可以推斷出主句中應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。9.【2013黑龍江綏化】9. Boys and girls, the books in the library should _ good care

17、 of.A. be taken B. take C. are taking【答案】A【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：男孩們和女孩們，應(yīng)該好好保管圖書(shū)館的書(shū)。書(shū)應(yīng)該被保管，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，此題should be done句型，故選擇答案A。10.【2013河南】28. Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.Sorry. The book you ask for_ out.A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold28. 【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)th

18、e book和動(dòng)詞sell構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)句意“對(duì)不起，你要的書(shū)已售完”。故選B?！拘骂}預(yù)測(cè)】【南京市江寧區(qū)2014中考英語(yǔ)一模】12. Its said the Nanjing Airport light rail_ into service in two months. Thats great! It will be fast to go to the airport.A. putsB. will putC. is putD. will be put 【答案】12.D【南京市建鄴區(qū)2014中考英語(yǔ)一?！?3. Mom, my classmates are playing outside. Ca