1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上0.This project is “Library Management System”O(jiān)ur project helps library to make money and helps librarians easier to manage the libraryIt is a website based on Python & Html & MySQL, which is fast and stable1.開發(fā)架構(gòu)方式：B/S架構(gòu)，開發(fā)方法：scrum2.Scrum is a lightweight agile project management framew

2、ork mainly used for software development. The Scrum Framework tries to deal with the fact that the requirements are likely to change quickly or are not completely known at the start of the project. Another central aspect within the Scrum Framework is continuous improvement: inspect & adapt. （檢查和適應(yīng)）S

3、crum敏捷開發(fā)（agile dl development）的關(guān)鍵字就是增量、迭代，他更重視項目團(tuán)隊之間的現(xiàn)場溝通，不向傳統(tǒng)瀑布式開發(fā)那樣需要萬事具備，才開始開發(fā)，Scrum在大方向和小故事點確認(rèn)好了后，團(tuán)隊就可以開動了。product owner（產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)人）、scrum master（團(tuán)隊負(fù)責(zé)人）、scrum team（開發(fā)/測試團(tuán)隊）。 Product owner :需求方，提出需求，能對功能流程、業(yè)務(wù)流程拍板的人。 Scrum master :團(tuán)隊負(fù)責(zé)人，負(fù)責(zé)解決團(tuán)隊各類問題，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)項目的人。 Scrum team :項目執(zhí)行人員，一般指項目具體開發(fā)和測試的人員。 Scrum開發(fā)的步驟：

4、 步驟一：頭腦風(fēng)暴 輸出一個產(chǎn)品建議表。 步驟二：product owner對產(chǎn)品建議表進(jìn)行篩選并做減法，提煉最核心的需求。 步驟三：工作量估算 把任務(wù)量化， 然后估算總體項目時間。 把每個任務(wù)都貼在白板上面，白板上分三部分： （1）to do-待完成（2）in progress-進(jìn)展中（3）done-完成步驟四：SprintEach Sprint start with two planning sessions to define the content of the Sprint: the WHAT-Meeting and the HOW-Meeting. In the WHAT-Meet

5、ing the Scrum Team commits to the User Stories from the Scrum Product Backlog and It uses a HOW-Meeting to break the committed User Stories into smaller and concrete tasks. Then implementation begins.經(jīng)過討論后，已經(jīng)把任務(wù)量化到需要具體完成的時間，然后把n個任務(wù)按照開發(fā)的重要度，組合成n個sprint（沖刺），每次執(zhí)行一個sprint。 Sprint：每個sprint都是獨立的，一般先做主要功能，

6、再到次要功能，再到小功能，最后的sprint一般是修復(fù)bugs。） 步驟五：評估 需要改的地方還是要改的3.backlog：分三種backlog：1 product backlog：The Product Backlog consists everything that needs to be done in order to successfully deliver a working software system. A list of features prioritized by business value2 sprint backlog ：Within the Sprint Bac

7、klog all activities required to complete the committed entries from the Scrum Product Backlog are stored. The highest-priority items from the product backlog to be completed within a sprint3 release backlog4.Creating the Work Breakdown Structure 工作分解結(jié)構(gòu) (WBS)A WBS is a deliverable-oriented grouping o

8、f the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project. WBS是一個面向交付的分組工作，它定義了項目的總范圍。WBS is a foundation document that provides the basis for planning and managing project schedules, costs, resources, and changes.A work package(工作包) is a task at the lowest level of the WBS.no tas

9、k is less than 8 hours or more than 80 hours in the WBS. If a task is greater than 80 hours then it needs to be decomposed further into work packages.A WBS dictionary is a document that describes detailed information about each WBS itemWBS分四層：project, release，sprint，work package.5.Gantt charts provi

10、de a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a calendar format 甘特圖通過列出項目活動及其相應(yīng)的開始和完成日期以日歷格式提供了顯示項目進(jìn)度信息的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式。記住example中的箭頭所代表的意思Milestones emphasize important events or accomplishments(完成的工作) on projec

11、ts6.Estimating Costs If possible, estimate costs by major WBS categories（老師問你這項預(yù)算是怎么得出的時候，猜測答案是，根據(jù)wbs）1Training can help people understand themselves, each other, and how to work better in teamsTeam building activities includephysical challenges2Reserves are dollars included in a cost estimate to mi

12、tigate（減輕） cost risk by allowing for future situations that are difficult to predict.當(dāng)問起reserves有什么用的時候可以回答 for unknown riskreserves allow for future situations that may be partially planned for (sometimes called known unknowns) and are included in the project cost baselineRP=Rate of performance3.CP

13、I and SPI less than 100% indicate problemsProblems mean the project is costing more than planned (over budget) or taking longer than planned (behind schedule)CPI和SPI小于100%表示問題問題意味著項目的成本超過計劃（超出預(yù)算）或花費比計劃的時間長（進(jìn)度落后）。The CPI can be used to calculate the estimate at completion (EAC)an estimate of what it

14、will cost to complete the project based on performance to date. The budget at completion (BAC) is the original total budget for the projectCPI可以用來計算完工時的估計（EAC）根據(jù)完工日期估算完成項目的費用?？⒐ゎA(yù)算（BAC）是該項目最初的總預(yù)算。7.RACIR = responsibilityA = accountability, only one A per taskC = consultationI = informed問題1：問你raci是什么，

15、回答各個字母代表的意思。問題2：根據(jù)你在項目中的分工，問你你應(yīng)該找誰溝通，你就在你是r的那一行里找一個為c的人，他就是你要溝通的人。8.Performing Quantitative(定量的) Risk Analysis technologies often require extensive(大量的) quantitative risk analysis Main techniques include: Decision tree analysis Expected Monetary Value (EMV) 預(yù)期貨幣價值 Simulation Sensitivity analysisPlanning Risk Responses Four main response st