1、1 / 7上海滬教版英語八年級下冊第二學(xué)期知識點(diǎn)歸納集錦第一部分：詞與詞組I、重點(diǎn)詞匯與詞組1、be interested in_cut dow n_bel ong to_keep alive_protect oneself_2、at one s suggestion_make a suggestion _on the suggesti on of._in dan ger_let out_on earth_comm un icate with_on one s suggestio_offer a suggestio n _3、come to a decision / arrive at a d

2、ecision / reach a decisiongive a decisi on aga inst _make a decisi on _4、take charge of_ under the charge of_ in charge of_5、agree on_ agree with_ agre to (do sth)_6、remind sb. of sth, in addition (to), now that, be excellent for, enable sb to do sth, be covered with, feel likebe resp on sible for,

3、now that, help on eself (to + food/dri nk/vegetable.)4、happen, take place5、frozen, freezingn、詞與詞組辨析1、alive, living 都是活著”的意思，用法不同。例如：alive 是表語形容詞，一般在句子中放在系動詞后面，用作表語。例如：I am your friend as long as I am alive.只要我活著就是你的朋友。living 是定語形容詞，一般在句子中放在名詞前用作定語。例如：There are not any living things in the mountain a

4、rea.在這個(gè)山區(qū)里沒有任何活著的東西。2、patient; impatient;patienee3、comfort; comfortable; comfortably 4、reply; answer(v. & n.)5、explain; explanationgive a decisi on for_2 / 76、visible; vision；invisible7、contain hold8、experience, experienced9、conclude, conclusion10、go off, go out, go up, go away, go down, go in11

5、、used to do sth, be used to do sth, be used to doing sth, be used as, be used for12、try doing sth, try to do sth13、go on to do sth, go on doing sth14、be familiar to, be familiar with15、pleased, pleasant, pleasure, please16、accept, receive17、keep的用法18、what/how感嘆句19、數(shù)詞的用法20、不定冠詞a、an的用法21、介詞后面動詞用-ing形式

6、22、狀語從句連接詞：if/as long as, when/while/as soon as/until/before/after, though/although23、when/while24、well/good25、疑問詞+主語+情態(tài)動詞can/should/could等+謂語動詞=疑問詞+謂語動詞不定式第二部分：語法1、Its + adj. + for/of sb + to do sth2、a little, a few, little, few3、表示數(shù)量的詞：plenty of, lots of, a lot ofa great/good deal of, a large/smal

7、l quantity of, a large/small amount ofa number of, the number of4、情態(tài)動詞： mustn t, cant, may not 等的意思must與may（主語是第一人稱）開頭的一般疑問句的否定回答must 用_ 或_ may 用_ 或_3 / 7must, may等表示肯定的推測意義；can 表示否定的推測意義need作為情態(tài)動詞與實(shí)義動詞動詞的用法【情態(tài)動詞用法的基本練習(xí)】()1. May I take my pet dog with me into the cin ema? The rule says no. So you_ .

8、A. can B. mustn C. may D. neednt()2. We hope that as many people as possible_ join us for the charity show tomorrow.A. n eedB. can C. must D. should()3. Must I get up early tomorrow? No,_ .A. you mustn B. I don think you have to C. you can D. you need()4. May I play computer games, mum? No. You_ fin

9、ish your homework first.A. will B. can C. would D. must()5. Lets go to the concert toni ght, Michael! Sorry, I_. I have to help my mother with thehousework.A. mustn B. may not C. neednD. can ()6. Can you finish the work in two days? Sorry, I_ . My computer doesn work.A. don B. cantC. mustnD. needn()

10、7. _ you speak Japanese? No, I can .A. Can B. Must C. May D. Should()8. If the traffic light is red, you_cross the road. It very dan gerous.A. don B. mustn C. neednD. wouldn ()9. May I use your ruler?_ .A. Yes, please B. You are n ice C. It does n matter D. It was a pleasure5、賓語從句：陳述句改為賓語從句時(shí)，用that連接

11、；一般疑問句改為賓語從句時(shí)，用whether/if連接；特殊疑問句改為賓語從句時(shí)，用 特殊疑問詞連接?！举e語從句專項(xiàng)精選】()1 The girls asked if they_ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take()2 Catheri ne said that she_to Guan gzhou.A. has n ever gone B. had n ever gone C. has n ever bee n D. had n ever bee n()3 The stude nts want

12、to know whether they_dictati on today.A. had B. has C. will have D. are()4 She asked Linda if_go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may()5 Linda said the moon_round the earth.A. traveled B. has traveled C. travels D. had traveled()6. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty?4 / 7A

13、. who B. what C. when D. that()7. I dont know_ they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where()8. I hardly un dersta nd._ he has told me.A.that B. what C. which D. who()9. She did nt know_back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be()10. I dont know_ he still lives here

14、 after so many years.A. whether B where C. what D. whe n()11. Do you know_they liste ned to yesterday eve ning?A. what B whe n C why D how()12. He asked me_ told me the accide nt.A whom B which C who D whose()13. They dont know_their pare nts are.A that B what C why D which()14. Please tell me_last

15、year.A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where yoursister worked()15. She asked me if I knew_ .A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it()16. You must remember_ .A. what your mother said B. what did your mother s

16、ay C. your mother said what D. what has yourmother said()17. Did you know_ ?A. who he was look ing after B. who was he look ing for C. who he is look ing for D. who he is look ing after()18. Could you tell me_?A. whe n will they leave Beiji ngB. whe n would they leave Beiji ngC. whe n they will leav

17、e Beiji ngD. whe n did they leave Beiji ng()19. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper_Who Moved My Cheese was an interestingbook.A. that B. how C. what D. if()20. I dont know_ Mr. Gree n will come to see us. He will help us with our En glish.A. why B. when C. how D. where()21. We n ever kn

18、ow_the old man is. They say he is a teacher.A. what B. who C. which D. where()22. I was told_Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.A. that how B. how that C. whe n thatD. that whe n()23. Do you know_? rm going to see him. Sorry, I dont know.A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr

19、. Li liveC. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived5 / 7()24. W here do you think_ he_the computer? Sorry, I have no idea.A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy()25. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me_ this morning.A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what

20、 wrong was()26. Where is Jack?He is away to spe nd his holiday. Hes gone either to Han gzhou or to Wuha n, but rm not sure_A. thatB. whichC. whereD. there.人稱代詞和指示代詞的變化指示代詞 this 和 these 通常變?yōu)?that 和 those。人稱代詞也要根據(jù)情況做適當(dāng)調(diào)整。從句中的第一人稱多 變?yōu)榈谌朔Q，第二人稱根據(jù)情況改為第一人稱或第三人稱，第三人稱不變。例如：He said, I came to help you. ”他說：我

21、是來幫助你的?！盩He said that he had come to help me.他說他是來幫助我的。.時(shí)態(tài)的變化引述動詞如果用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)，間接引語的時(shí)態(tài)不變。引述動詞如果用一般過去時(shí)，間接引語的時(shí)態(tài)要變成相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)的一種。具體變化如下:.時(shí)間狀語的變化【注意】含有情態(tài)動詞的直接引語變成間接引語是，情態(tài)動詞也要相應(yīng)地變成過去時(shí)態(tài)。若直接引語為客 觀真理或自然規(guī)律，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。有時(shí)由于直接引語有特定的過去時(shí)間狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引 語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變?！緦⑾铝芯渥又械闹苯右Z改為間接引語】1. I am very happy. ” said Fisher proudl

22、y.I saw Mr Muskam yesterday.6、直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語般現(xiàn)在時(shí)T一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)T過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)T現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)T過去完成時(shí)般將來時(shí)T過去將來時(shí)nowTthenlast monthTthe mon th beforetodayTthat daythree days agoTthree days beforetonightTthat nighttomorrowTthe next daythis weekTthat weeknext monthTthe next monthyesterdayTthe day beforethe day after tomorrowT

23、和 two days地點(diǎn)狀語的變化hereTthere謂語動詞的變化comeTgo2. Dinny said:6 / 73. He said:I will have fini shed my work by that time.4. I have never seen anything more beautiful than this.I ve settled everyth ing; and we will leave Thorn field tomorrow.7、不定代詞辨析:all, any, another, both, each, every, either, few, little

24、, many, much, no, none, neither, one, other, some 以及由 some, any, no, every 禾口 body, one, thing 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞。one, ones的用法each,every的用法other, the other, ano ther, others, the others的用法【不定代詞專練】()1._ police officers in the UK carry guns, but most of them don t.A. No B. Some C. Ma ny D. All()2. Which do you

25、 like best, coffee ，water or juice? _ . I only like tea.A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None()3. There are many tall buildi ngs on_ sides of the street.A. either B. all C. both D. none()4. She has writte n a lot of books, but_good on es.A. any B. some C. few D. many()5. Would you like chicken noodle

26、s or beef noodles?_. I d like tomato noodles.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None()6. I m hungry. I want_ to eat.A. anything B. someth ingC. everyth ingD. nothing()7. I saw Tony at the party. But he didn t speak tome_ evening.Maybe he didn t see you.A. all B. every C. eitherD. ano ther()8. Are you_f

27、rom America? No, none of us.A. both B. all C. any D. either()9. He showed me a magazine he bought yesterday. I think it s interesting. So I bought_A. it B. this C. that D. one()10. Mike fell off the bike, but he didn t hurt_.A. he B. him C. himself D. hisself()11._ book are you look ing for?A. Whath

28、ich C. Who D. Whose()12. There isn t any milk in my glass. Would you give me_?A. some B. few C. little D. any()13. We had ple nty of paper but_ ink.A. a fewB. few C. not manyD. not much()14. Lear ning a foreig n Ian guage is especially difficult for those who haven ever lear ned_before.A. one B. it C. them D. that()15. Were very busy because weve so_books to read and so_homework to do every day.6.It is too late.