1、復習unit3 單詞、短語、重點句子和語法一、單詞：核心詞匯名詞可數(shù)名詞field a field two fields quiz a quiz three quizzesa ground four groundsland a land two landsproblem a problem four problemsFact a fact several facts 不可數(shù)名詞the Earth（地球） the Moon(月亮) the Sun(太陽)pollution（n.） pollute（v.）=make sth dirtyenergy (n.) clean energy（清潔能源） h

2、eat energy（熱能）二、 短語/固定搭配：1、短語： provide with putintofind out throw away be covered by on earth in the sky a lot of make energy of course for example one quarter three quarters at home take a look come from find out different types of in the end get cooler 2、固定搭配：call sth. vide sb. with sth.sto

3、p doing sth.it be +形容詞 + for sb. +to do sth.let sb. do sth.help sb. do sth.ask sb. (to) do sth.keep sb. + 形容詞三、 經(jīng)典句型：There are also many people like you and me on earth.It is important for us to protect the earth for our future.What is the weather like in different places on earth?四、重點短語1. protect t

4、he Earth保護地球 protect sb/sth from doing我們必須保護那片森林免受火災。 翻譯：2. provide sb with sth. = provide sth. for sb.為某人提供某物=give sb sth=give sth to sb【拓展】supply sb with sth. = supply sth. to sb.為某人提供某物 offer sb sth. = offer sth. to sb提供某人某物太陽給我們提供光和熱。翻譯：3. make energy制造能源 4. put into 把倒入他們把廢水倒入河中。 翻譯：和put 相關的短語：

5、put on put off put out5. stop doing sth停止做某事 stop sb from doing sth阻止某事發(fā)生 stop to do sth.停下來去做（另一件）事王先生進來時，我們停止了談話。 翻譯：當我們在街道上碰見時，我們停下來說話。 翻譯：6. throw away扔掉 不要亂扔廢紙。 翻譯： 7. a report on/about 關于的一個報告8. keep sb/sth. safe保證某人/某物的安全keep sb. /sth+ 形容詞 保持某人/某物 外套能使你暖和。 翻譯： 我們盡最大的努力使我們的學校保持干凈、整潔。 翻譯：9. tak

6、e a look at sw.看一看某地10. on Earth在地球上 我們生活在地球上。 翻譯 ： on earth 還有“到底，究竟”的意思，置于what, when等疑問詞后，以加強問句的語氣這到底是什么東西？ 翻譯：on earth 還可以作“世上”解，用于最高級以后，以加強語氣我是世界上最幸福的人。 翻譯：相關短語： on the land在陸地上 in the sky在天上 under the water在水下11. go with sth.與相配;適合于12. lift sth up舉起某物13. keep sth alive使某物繼續(xù)存在/使某物繼續(xù)下去14. come fr

7、om sw.= be from sw.來自（于）15. ask sb (not) to do sth.要求某人（不）做某事 ask sb for sth向某人要某物16. make sth. clean/dirty使某物干凈/弄臟 make sb do sth.使某人做某事17. at the beginning of 在之初 【拓展】at the end of在結尾；在末端18. some some一些一些這里有許多花園，一些是大的，一些是小的。翻譯：19. burn sth=set sth on fire 燃燒某物她把書全燒了。 翻譯：20. fewer and fewer 越來越少 形容

8、詞比較級+and+形容詞比較級 越來越. 我們的國家變得越來越強大。 翻譯：?？季湫?. There are forests and rivers, mountains and fields.(地球上)有森林和河流，山脈和田野?！颈嫖觥縯here be表示“某時/某地有某人/某物”，強調存在關系；have 表示“擁有”，強調所屬關系。2. All plants need light and water. 所有的植物都需要陽光和水。 Light and water are needed by all plants. need sb./sth. to do sth. 需要某人/物做某事我需要你幫我

9、。 翻譯：need to do sth. 需要做某事你需要馬上去那兒。 翻譯：3. There are also many people like you and me on Earth.地球上也有很多像你我一樣的人。= There are many people like you and me on Earth, too.【辨析】also, too, either三者都表示“也”，also和too可以互換，都可以用于肯定句和疑問句，但also常放在句中；too常放在句末，too前面要加逗號；either只用于否定句。4. The Earth provides us with air, wat

10、er and food. 地球給我們提供空氣，水和植物。= The Earth provides air, water and food for us.5. It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.為了我們的未來，保護地球很重要。= To protect the Earth for our future is important. “It+be+形容詞+for+sb.+動詞不定式短語”句型，意為：對某人來說做某事是it 在句首做形式主語，后面的動詞不定式短語才是句子的真正主語。對我們來說學英語很重要。 翻譯：對我們來

11、說學好英語很有用。 翻譯：練習：I根據(jù)句意及首字母提示寫單詞，補全句子。1. We all live on E_. 2. It is a good design (設計) p_ for us to learn. 3. This morning, we have a q _ about Maths. 4. We must p_ ourselves because there are many dangerous things. 5. Today, its my turn to make a r_ on studying. II根據(jù)句意及漢語提示寫單詞，補全句子。 6. The arm is a_

12、(部分) of our body. 7. There are many plants on the_(陸地). 8. There are many kinds of vegetables(蔬菜)in the _(田野). 9. The box is too _ (大的) for you to carry. 10. The country _ (提供) people with fruit. 11. There is a lot of _(污染) in this city. 12. I have no _ (能量) to go on running!III根據(jù)漢語提示補全句子，每空一詞，縮寫算一詞

13、。 13中國有許多漂亮的地方。 There are many _ _in China. 14關于地球你知道些什么？ What do you _ _the Earth? 15這場考試對我來說很重要。 This exam is very _ _me. 16不要在房子里燒東西，因為很危險。 _ _things in the house, because its dangerous. 17你必須按時睡覺。 You _ _to bed on time. 18爸爸告訴我不要殺鳥兒。 Father tells me not _ _birds. 19我有許多書。有些有趣，有些無聊。 I have many b

14、ooks. _are interesting and _ are boring. 20我們必須停止工作。 We must _ _. 21今天天氣如何？ _ the weather _today? 22圖書館有許多不同的書。 There are _ _ _ in the library. IV從下面的方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~或短語并用其正確形式填空，補全句子。 put . into, protect . from, in the sky, much 23. There is _ rubbish in the place. 24. We can see a lot of kites _ _ _. 25

15、. The little girl _her hands _ her pockets. 26. We should _ our eyes _ being hurt(被傷害) 五、名詞的數(shù) 名詞按其所表示的事物的性質可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞兩類?？蓴?shù)名詞有復數(shù)形式。不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復數(shù)形式?？蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)往往要與不定冠詞a/an連用，復數(shù)則使用其復數(shù)形式。1. 可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式的構成： 規(guī)則變化：_如：cap cake _如：glass watch _如：shelf knife _如：story baby _如：potato hero 不規(guī)則變化：a. 改變元音字母，發(fā)音也隨之

16、變化：man(人；男人) woman(女人) postman(郵遞員) fireman(消防員) foot(腳) tooth(牙齒)t goose(鵝) a man teacher(一名男老師) a woman nurse(一名女護士) b. 單復數(shù)同形的詞：a sheep(一只羊) a fish（一條魚） a deer（一頭鹿） c. 通常以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞：scissors(剪刀) trousers(褲子) clothes(衣服) glasses(眼鏡) shorts(短褲)d. 表示“某國人”的單復數(shù)：單數(shù)和復數(shù)相同， 如：a Japanese a Chinese 變man為men,

17、如：an Englishman a Frenchwoman 詞尾加-s, 如：a German an American 【總結】中日不變，英法變，其他“s”加后面 e. 其他形式：a childtwo children an oxthree oxen(三頭牛) a mousefour mice（四只老鼠） 不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù):不可數(shù)名詞通常只有單數(shù)形式，前面無需加不定冠詞a/an。如：water, milk, oil, soil, ink, bread, juice等。但如果需要表示具體的數(shù)量時，要使用以下短語：a glass of juice a piece of paper a slice o

18、f bread 練習：I根據(jù)句意，用a，an, much或many填空，補全句子。 1. I eat _apple every day.2. Mum, I want to have _ orange. 3. He buys _bananas. 4. In the morning, I drink _ milk. 5. He has _ map.6. Carla has _ different books.7. There is _water on the road.8. He knows _different languages.9. I book _room for my brother.

19、10. In China, there are_ foreigners(外國人).六、 There be句型1、構成：There be .句型表示的是 “某處(存在)有某人或某物”，其結構為There be(is，are，was, were )+名詞+地點狀語。例如：There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago. 1、 各種句式：否定句：There be句型否定句式的構成和含有be動詞

20、的其它句型一樣，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”來表示。即：no + n.（名詞）= not aanany + n.（名詞）。注意：no + n.（可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）= not aan + n.（可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)）；no + n.（可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)）= not any + n.（可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)）；no + n.（不可數(shù)名詞）= not any + n.（不可數(shù)名詞）。例如：There is an orange in her bag.There isnt an orange in her bag. = There is no orange in her bag.There are some orange

21、s in her bag.There arent any oranges in her bag. = There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.There isnt any juice in the bottle. = There is no juice in the bottle. 一般疑問句：There be結構的一般疑問句變化只需把be動詞移到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可。例如： There is some money in her handbag. Is there any money in her

22、 handbag? (疑問句和否定句中，some改為any, something改為anything.)There is something new in todays newspaper. Is there anything new in todays newspaper? 3、特殊疑問句：There be句型的特殊疑問句有以下三種形式： 1）對主語提問：當主語是人時，用 “Whos + 介詞短語?”；當主語是物時，用 “Whats + 介詞短語?”。其中there在口語中常常省略。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)，對其提問時一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時卻要根據(jù)實際情況來決定)。如： T

23、here is a bird in the tree. Whats in the tree? There are some bikes over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? 對地點狀語提問：用 “Where is are + 主語?”表示（注意其答語變化）：例如： There is a computer in my office. Where is the computer? Its in my office. There are four children i

24、n the classroom. Where are the four children? They re in the classroom. 對數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種提問方式：如果主語是可數(shù)名詞，無論是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)，都用“How many +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語？”表示如：There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year?There is only one book in my bag. How many books are there in your bag?There

25、is a cat in the box. How many cats are there in the box?如果主語是不可數(shù)名詞，則用“ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？”表示如：There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse? 4、注意事項：1.） There be句型中be動詞的形式要和其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。如果句子的主語是單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞，或是不可數(shù)名詞，be動詞用“is”。例如：There is a basketball in the box.

26、如果句子的主語是復數(shù)名詞，be動詞就用“are”。例如：There are many birds in the tree.如果有兩個或兩個以上的名詞作主語，be動詞要和最靠近它的那個主語在數(shù)上保持一致，也就是我們常說的 “就近原則”。例如：There is an orange and some bananas in the basket. There are some bananas and an orange in the basket. 2. ）There be句型和havehas的區(qū)別：There be句型表示 “存在有”, havehas表示 “擁有” “所有”,兩者不能同時使用.例如

27、：桌子上有三本書。 There are three books on the desk.我有三本書。 I have three books.【總結】There be句型有特點，主語放在be后邊。 主語單三用is，復數(shù)主語要用are。 變否定，很簡單，be后要把not添。 變問句也不難，把be提到there前。 肯定句中用some，否定疑問any換。練習：I.根據(jù)句意，用適當?shù)南祫釉~填空，補全句子。 11. There _ a book and two pens on the desk. 12. There _ many apples in the bag. 13. There _ much w

28、ater in the glass. 14. There _ an egg on the table.15. There _ many animals in the zoo. II將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問句。1.There is some water in the bottle.2.There are many apples in the box. 單項填空。( )8.There_ not _ milk in the cup on the table .A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much ( )10.How many _

29、are there in the room ? A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper ( )11.Do you know if _ a meeting next Sunday ? A. there was going to have B. there was going to beC. is there going to be D. there will be ( )12. Is this the last exam we have to take ? C No, but there _ another test three months later fr

30、om now.A. will be going to B. is C. will be D. has been( )13.There _ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years. A. is B. are C. will be D. have been( )14.There _ a film tomorrow evening Awill have Bhave Cis going to be Dhas( )15.There _ a football match on TV this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have( )16.There _ a school at the foot of the hill. Ahave Bstand Care Dstands( )17.Theres going to _ in tomorro