1、動詞與動詞短語動詞與動詞短語1.概念：概念：動詞是表示動作和狀態(tài)的詞動詞是表示動作和狀態(tài)的詞2. 基本形式：基本形式：n動詞的四種基本形式：現(xiàn)在時，動詞的四種基本形式：現(xiàn)在時，過去時，過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。過去時，過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。動詞的規(guī)則變化nP 4332.動詞的種類動詞的種類1、 行為動詞（即實義動詞，表示動作的動詞。它行為動詞（即實義動詞，表示動作的動詞。它分為及物動詞和不及物動詞兩種）分為及物動詞和不及物動詞兩種） 1.1 及物動詞及物動詞a.動詞后要求動詞后要求有賓語有賓語，否則意思不完整的動，否則意思不完整的動詞。詞。及物動詞有被動結(jié)構(gòu)。及物動詞有被動結(jié)構(gòu)。I always re

2、view my lessons in the evening.b. 及物動詞的使用結(jié)構(gòu)及物動詞的使用結(jié)構(gòu)n1. 動詞動詞+賓語賓語(V.+O.)nJane likes music very much.n2. 動詞動詞+直接賓語直接賓語+間接賓語間接賓語(V.+O.+O.)nShe gave me a book.n3. 動詞動詞+賓語賓語+補語（補語（V.+O.+OC.)nI found the book interesting.2) 不及物動詞不及物動詞n不及物動詞指不及物動詞指不可帶賓語不可帶賓語的動詞，也的動詞，也不可用于不可用于被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)。(P 444-445)nMake sent

3、ences: rise, come, worknThe sun rises in the east.He came last month.He works hard.2、連系動詞類、連系動詞類 連系動詞只起連系作用，雖有詞義但連系動詞只起連系作用，雖有詞義但不能單不能單獨作謂語，后必須加表語一起構(gòu)成謂語獨作謂語，后必須加表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。(P450-459)Now watch the flash and get the general idea of the link verbs.連系動詞常用結(jié)構(gòu)連系動詞常用結(jié)構(gòu) P451n1.+形容詞形容詞n2. +名詞、代詞名詞、代詞n3. +副詞副詞 連

4、系動詞后面一般不加副詞。連系動詞后面一般不加副詞。n4. +分詞分詞n5. +介詞短語介詞短語ngo bad / hungry / mad / wrong fall (fell-fallen) ill / asleep Your dream will come true one day. 變化類變化類:become（成為）（成為）, get（變得）（變得）, turn（變?yōu)椋ㄗ優(yōu)椋? grow（變得）（變得）, come（成為，（成為，后來證實）后來證實）, go（變成，進入（變成，進入的狀態(tài)）的狀態(tài)）, fall（變成）（變成）感觀類感觀類:look（看起來）（看起來）, sound（聽起

5、（聽起來）來）, feel（覺得）（覺得）, taste（嘗起來）（嘗起來）, smell（聞起來）（聞起來）E.g. His voice sounds _. A.well B.beautifully C.excellent D.wonderfullyCn顯得類顯得類:seem, appear, look It looks as if/ though It seems as if / that It appears that 可接從句可接從句 eg. It looks as if it is going to rain. He looked as though he were from the

6、 country.“l(fā)ook” 為連系動詞，意為為連系動詞，意為“看起來、似乎看起來、似乎”，從句中的謂語，從句中的謂語多用直陳語氣，有時可以用虛擬語氣。多用直陳語氣，有時可以用虛擬語氣。n狀態(tài)類狀態(tài)類:keep, stay, remain, lie, sit, stand The weather will_hot for another two weeks. A.last B.remain C.get D.turn The hot weather will _another two days. A.last B.remain C.get D.turnBA3、使役動詞、使役動詞/感官動詞類：感

7、官動詞類：n使役動詞是表示使、令、讓、幫、叫等意義的使役動詞是表示使、令、讓、幫、叫等意義的動詞動詞,主要有主要有make(使使,令令), let(讓讓), help(幫助幫助), have(有；讓；從事；允許；拿有；讓；從事；允許；拿)等。等。nEg. n1）He made me laugh.n他使我發(fā)笑。他使我發(fā)笑。n2）I let him go.n我讓他走開。我讓他走開。nlook, sound, smell, taste, feel這一類的動詞這一類的動詞既可作既可作連系動詞連系動詞，又可作感官動詞。，又可作感官動詞。除除look外，外，其他幾個動詞的主語往往是物而不是人其他幾個動詞的

8、主語往往是物而不是人。nEg.nThese flowers smell very sweet.n這些花聞起來很香。這些花聞起來很香。 nThe tomatoes feel very soft.n這些西紅柿摸起來很軟。這些西紅柿摸起來很軟。 使役動詞和感官動詞練習使役動詞和感官動詞練習nThe boss made them _12 hours a day.nA.work B.to work nC.worked D.workingnThey were made_12 hours a day.nA.work B.to work nC.worked D.workingABnThe boy was la

9、st seen_football on the playground.nA.play B.playing C.to play D.playednHe often heard this song_by the famous singer.nA.sing B.singing C.to sing D.sungnHe had his leg_.nA.break B.breaking nC.to break D.brokenBD D4、主動表被動類：、主動表被動類：n與與easily ,well等副詞連用的動詞等副詞連用的動詞 nsell, wash, burn, cook, cut, drive, d

10、ress, play, last, open, write, start, translate, run, read, operate, break, measure, weighnDry wood burns easily.nThe cloth washes well.nThis phrase does not translate well into Chinese.n-Have you got a ticket for the concert? -No, the tickets_well and they _out last week. A.sell;were sold nB.sell;s

11、old nC.sell;have been sold nD.are sell;sold A5、一般只接動名詞做賓語的詞、一般只接動名詞做賓語的詞/詞組詞組nmind, risk, avoid, enjoy, miss, keep, suggest, appreciate, practice, delay, finish, dislike, excuse, imagine, consider, forbid, escape admit, advise, allow, nput off, give up, be worth, be busynget down to, devoteto, look

12、forward to, be used to, lead to, nsucceed in, spend/waste time (in) have a good/hard time (in) have difficulty /trouble (in) there is no use(in) nShe looked forward every spring to_ the flower-lined garden. A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking innI would appreciate _back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre callingDCB6、一般只接不定式作賓語的詞、一般只接不定式作賓語的詞/詞組詞組ndecide, expect, hope, wish, order, refuse, promise, pretend, agree, seem, attempt, fail, offer, happen, warn, affordnShe pretended_me when I passed by. A.no