1、Part One Basis of Legal English公證人：notary立遺囑者：testator專門名詞；術語：terminology承租人：tenant故意的；蓄意的：deliberate等同；同價物：equivalent責任：obligation終止：termination對等的，互惠的：reciprocal開端：commencement分期付款：instalment制定：formulation上述的；前述的：aforesaid恐嚇，威脅：intimidate不當：inappropriate議會，國會：parliament審理委員會；特別法庭：tribunal不可撤銷的：irr

2、evocable否認：negative拆分；分立：split訴訟：litigation傳喚；傳訊：summon賠償；補償：compensation訴訟當事人：litigant提起（申請等）；提起（訴訟等）；把登記備案：file辯解；申訴；事實陳述：allegation質詢（書）：interrogatories偽證；偽證罪：perjury否定：denial庭外采證：deposition小冊子：booklet控告（某人）犯罪：impeach常設的；永久的：permanent（法庭上證人的）證詞：testimony調解、調停：mediation仲裁：arbitration法官；裁判官；法官席：ben

3、ch無陪審團員的審判：bench trail一致的：unanimous（陪審團的）裁決，判決，結論：verdict強制的；不得上訴的：peremptory批捕令；搜查令：warrant財產保全；查封；扣押：attachment留置權，扣押權：lien賠償金：damages欺詐，誤導：deceive泄露：divulge侵權：infringement舉證責任：the burden of proof訴訟案件：lawsuit憲法的：constitutional控告：prefer入侵：invasion動產：chattel租約：lease執(zhí)行者：executor成文法：statute訴狀：pleading

4、樣式條款：boilerplate clause公司面紗：corporate veil無效的：null and void全部，所有的人：all and sundry 其他以外：inter alia= among others保釋：bailment：abatement宣告無效：annul將遺贈：bequeath報酬：emolument起源：provenance扣押財物：distress扣押：seizure拘押：hold本金：the principal sum合適和恰當：fit and proper規(guī)定，條款：provision爭議，糾紛或索賠：dispute，controversy or clai

5、m承諾,同意和契約：promise，agree and covenant儲蓄：deposits原告：plaintiff訴狀：complaint被告：defendant代表自己，自辯：pro se（without an attorney）承認：admission和解協(xié)議：settlement回避：for cause協(xié)商；法律顧問：counsel交叉盤問：cross examination專家證人：expert witness訴由不成立：no cause無效審判：mistrial清償保證書：satisfaction推翻：overturn發(fā)回重審：relitigante back自由心證：power

6、 of discretionary宣誓過的：sworn先行本：advance sheet法典注釋：annotated code法警：bailiff法律顧問：barrister受益人：beneficiary匯票：bill of exchange最佳證據(jù)：best evidence引證：citation or cite傳訊者：citator編成法典：codify法令：decree最高上訴法院：court of last resort記錄法庭：court of record法庭書記官：court reporter授權立法：delegated legislation法律匯編：digest備審案件目錄表

7、：docket（寫在判決書前面的）摘要：headnote對答案有誘導性的提問：leading question名義上的當事人：nominal party初審管轄：original jurisdiction律師助手：paralegal被告：respondent州長：sheriff單行本：slip law遵循先例：stare decisis（判決書的）判決理由/說明：syllabus摘要：synonym正式起訴書：true bill法令：wirt傳票：subpoena懸而未決的陪審團：hung jury習慣法：common law拉丁語：Bona fide = good faith 善意De no

8、vo =anew 重新；更始Ex parte =from one side 片面的 Habeas corpus =you should have the body人身保護令In re =in the matter of 關于，對于Non obstance verdioto =notwithstanding the verdict 否定裁決Per capita =by leads 人均Per curiam =by the court 引用法官判詞對價：consideration相對人：counterpart匯票：draft兌現(xiàn)：honor票據(jù)：instrument請求：motionChapter

9、 Two American Legal Regime美國聯(lián)邦上訴法院：United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit=巡回上訴法院：Federal Circuit最高法院：Supreme Court上訴法院：Court of Appeals中級上訴法院：intermediate Courts高級法院上訴庭：Appellate Division，Supreme Court美國案例選編：American Law Reports法律百科全書：Corpus Juris Secundum任命：nominate任期：tenure等級制度；統(tǒng)治集

10、團：hierarchy司法權，管轄權；管轄范圍：jurisdiction地方法官，治安官：magistrate轉讓（法律權利或義務）：assign遺囑檢驗法庭：probate court少年法庭：juvenile court仲裁人：arbiter對（指訴訟，比賽中等）；相對：versus無效；廢棄：nullification執(zhí)行，施行，實施（法律等）；免除：dispense疏忽，過失；粗心大意：negligence支持者；建議者；提出認證遺囑者；提出證據(jù)的人：proponent淵源；根源：source立法機關；立法機構；立法部；（特指）州會議：legislature合理的：equitable挑

11、選陪審團成員：impanel證詞，證據(jù)：testimony陪審員名單：array挑選陪審團的過程：voir dire自由裁量權：discretion強制的；不得上訴的：peremptory當事人；訴訟委托人：client審議：deliberation偏一方的：partisan審判官似的；調查官似的；愛打聽的：inquisitorialVt.仲裁，裁判N.裁判，仲裁人：umpire對抗性的，敵對的：adversarial上訴的，受理上訴的：appellate審理委員會；特別法庭：tribunal前提：premise送還，還押；發(fā)回重審：remade發(fā)誓：swear抵押；抵押品；質權：pledge

12、依照法令的；法定的：statuary成文法；制定法：statuary law制定（法律）；頒布：enact判例，先例：precedentAdj.立法的，有立法權的N.立法權；立法機構：legislativeAdj.適當?shù)腣t.占用，侵吞：appropriate競合：concurrence傳票；引證：citation概要，大綱：synopsis控告，起訴：prosecution復審：review證人證言：affidavit再審：rehear全體陪審員：panel參議院：Senate大陪審團：grand jury僵局：deadlock分配，分布：distribution有效：valid過錯相抵：c

13、ontributory negligence篡改：tamper專利池：patent pool證據(jù)規(guī)則：evidentiary rules糾問式：inquisitorial system of justice糾錯法院：Court of Errors訴訟文件移送命令：certiorari撤銷：vacate駁回：dismiss中止：order暫停：stay發(fā)回重審：remand異議：dissent特權：privilege抗辯制度：adversarial system主張，用戶：advocacy公平的：impartial自認犯罪：self-incrimination公告，宣告：announcement

14、有說服力的法律依據(jù)：persuasive authority處理：dispose廉正：integrity蘇格拉底問法：socratic method民事訴訟：civil procedure法律術語：legalese法律聯(lián)合會：legal fraternity附錄：appendix公司章程：article of incorporation出庭律師：attorney of record計費工時：billable hour顧問：consultant標準：criterion法官的附帶意見：dictum網域名稱：domain name委托書：engagement letter當庭提出證據(jù)：exhibit

15、出口許可證：export license合營企業(yè)：joint venture許可證協(xié)議：license agreement貸款申請：loan application公證人：notary public專利申請書：patent application公民投票權：referendum股東，股票持有人：shareholder法定時效：statute of limitation可撤銷的合同：voidable contract分區(qū)條例：zoning ordinanceChapter Three Constitutional Law司法權：judicial power合法的：legitimate合法化，正當

16、性：legitimacy海事法，海商法：admiralty海事管轄權：maritime jurisdiction按照，根據(jù)：pursuant to/in pursuance of全權：plenary power闡明：set forth終身任期：life tenure被授予、賦予（權利）：be vested with原始（初審）管轄權：original（trial）jurisdiction上訴管轄權：appellate jurisdiction自動生效：self-executing共同管轄權，并存管轄權：concurrent jurisdiction參考司法性（或審判）解釋：advisory o

17、pinions做出裁判、裁決：rendition做出裁判裁決，判處：render模擬訴訟：moot cases串通訴訟：collusive suits成熟原則：ripeness doctrine確認判決，宣告是判決：declaratory judgment訴由，訴訟資格：standing可歸因于：be attributable to可救濟性：redressability裁決，裁定：ruling規(guī)避（原則）：abstention不適用聯(lián)邦管轄權（以避免和州管轄權的沖突）：abstain以作為前提/條件：be premised on待決的，未決的：pending禁止、命令、指示：enjoinV.

18、阻卻、禁止N. 阻礙、阻卻因素；法律界：bar豁免權：immunity立法權：legislative power明確列舉的權力：enumerated power默示的權利：implied power輔助/附屬權利：auxiliary/ancillary power必要與適當條款：necessary and proper clause實施、實行：carry into execution人頭稅：capitation直接稅，對財產征收的稅：direct taxes公共基金開支權：spending power貿易權：commerce power國會調查權：investigatory power彈劾：i

19、mpeachment剝奪（權利）：deprive of/abridge of鑄幣：coin money立法權的委托/授予：delegation of legislative power三權分立原則：the separation of power doctrine促進、助長、推動：in furtherance of申請：petition of公共職權：public functions有溯及力的，溯及既往的：retroactive剝奪公民權法案：bills of attainder事后的、有溯及力的、溯及既往的：ex post facto程序性的正當程序：procedural due proces

20、s實質性正當程序：substantive due process平等保護：equal protection裁決、判決：adjudication個人財產：personal belongings法定權利：entitlement任意的、武斷的：arbitrary在下、從下：infra嚴格審查（標準）：strict scrutiny（maximum scrutiny）中登記審查（標準）：intermediate scrutiny合理依據(jù)、最低審查（標準）：rational basis（minimal scrutiny）引發(fā)、觸發(fā)：trigger不合理分類：suspect classification監(jiān)

21、禁、禁閉：incarceration受制于、以為條件：be subject to主要因素：predominant factor為量身定做：be tailored to授權條款：enabling provision商業(yè)條款：Commerce Clause必要的國家利益：compelling state interest歧視性待遇：disparate treatment準嫌疑犯分類：quasi-suspect classification糾正歧視行動：affirmative action不正當關系：illicit relationships確認生父訴訟、親子鑒定訴訟：paternity suits

22、基本權利：fundamental rights避孕藥物、避孕工具：contraception包括、包含：encompass撤銷、使無效：revoke財政部：The Treasury Department流產，墮胎：abortion全體出席的：plenary實施：implement嚴格的必要性：strict necessity原因：causation確權之訴：quiet title action修正案：amendment驅逐出境：deport支持：upheld代表：delegate違反：infringe有特權的：prerogative損害：impair非懲罰性：non-punitive區(qū)別對待：

23、discriminatory application避孕：contraceptives反駁：rebuttal據(jù)說，據(jù)稱：allegedly牽連：entanglement十足信用法案：full faith and credit授權，命令：mandate問題的可討論性，未決狀態(tài)：mootness司法審查：judicial review多元管轄權：diversity jurisdiction當代的，同時代的：contemporary批準，認可：ratification行政部門：executive branch取締誹謗：outlaw slander使無效：invalidate授予，給予：confer詳

24、盡的，徹底的：exhaustivepart4promise允諾 agreement between the parties 當事人之間的協(xié)議acceptance承諾a meeting of minds意見一致mutual assent當事人之間的協(xié)議executed contracts已履行合同executory contracts待履行合同specialty contract書面蓋印合同valid 有效的parol contract非要式合同void 無效的simple contract簡單合同voidable 可撤銷的offer 要約unenforceable 不能強制執(zhí)行contract

25、s under seal 蓋印合同revocation撤回contracts in writing書面合同rejection by the offeree受要約人拒絕contracts evidenced in writing有書面證明的合同counter-offer反要約lapse of time期限屆滿口頭合同oral contractsincapacity無行為能力unqualified無條件的failure of a condition subject to which the offer was made要約條件未能滿足conditional assent 有條件的同意standin

26、g offer持續(xù)要約performance履行return performance 相應允諾the mirror image rule鏡像原則letter書信telegram電報Mail-box Rule投郵主義consideration對價the promisee被允諾人past consideration is no consideration過去的對價不是對價公共職責public dutyaccord and satisfaction和解與清償the principle of mutuality相關性原則允諾禁反言原則doctrine of promissory estoppel衡平禁

27、反言原則doctrine of equitable estoppelexpress terms明示條款implied terms 默示條款exemption clauses免責條款condition 條件warranty擔保rescind 廢除repudiate拒絕履行the concept of total integration合同完整性的概念certainty確定性terms implied in fact事實上的默示terms implied in law 法律上的默示customary implied terms慣例性的條款the contra proerentem不利于提供者規(guī)則t

28、he repugancy rule 矛盾解釋規(guī)則the four corners rule四角規(guī)則the Control of Exemption Clauses Act管制免責條款條例warning notices警告性通知capacity to contract締約能力minor 未成年人a person under the influence of drink醉酒的人persons of unsound mind精神病人corporations公司mistake錯誤misrepresentation虛假陳述duress脅迫undue influence不當影響illegality非法性v

29、alidity 效力operative mistakes關鍵性錯誤liable to be set aside衡平法上被撤銷common or identical mistakes相同之錯誤mutual mistakes雙方錯誤non-identical mistake不相同之錯誤unilateral mistake 單方錯誤non est factum非我所簽契約null and void 無效fraudulent misrepresentation欺詐性的虛假陳述innocent or neglient misrepresentation無過錯或過失性的虛假陳述affirm確認duress

30、 to a person對人的脅迫duress to goods 對貨物的脅迫economic duress經濟脅迫actual undue influence實際不當影響persumed undue influence假設不當影響inequality of bargaining power談判能力的不對等unconscionability顯示公平制度operation of law依法定得解除illegal contract strictly so called嚴格意義上的非法合同illegal contract traditionally so called傳統(tǒng)的非法合同illegal a

31、s formed成立違法illegal as performed履行違法intended beneficiaries 有益受害人incidental beneficiaries 附帶受益人discharged解決performance履行tender of performance交付履行frustration合同落空impossibility履行不能履約具有不現(xiàn)實性impracticabilityoccurrence of condition subsequent后續(xù)條件的發(fā)生rescission合同的廢除novation合同的更新 cancellation合同的取消release棄權書sub

32、stituted contract替代合同account stated明細賬lapse 終止（或失效）supervening illegality繼起違法breach of contract違約anticipatory breach預期違約damages損害賠償action for an agreed sum商定金額之訴quantum meruit按合理價格支付specific performance實際履行injunction禁令alternative dispute resolution替代性糾紛解決機制corporate law 公司法new words and expressionsn

33、ominalized 使轉變?yōu)槊~inducememt誘因，誘導abstain抑制，棄權solemnity莊嚴destitute使喪失perpetrator做壞事者，犯罪者usage慣例revocation撤銷，撤回contingency意外事故，偶發(fā)事件dispatch發(fā)出telex電傳facsimile傳真detriment損害，傷害forbearance忍耐，克制，不作為undertaking承諾accure發(fā)生，產生charter包租，租用vessel船舶l(fā)umber木材 freight運費furnish提供aver提出appellee被上訴人demurrer異議，抗辯rescind廢

34、除repudiate拒不履行reputable值得尊重的shack棚屋，簡陋的小屋emasculate閹割，削弱collateral附屬的demolish摧毀，推翻，駁倒absurdity荒謬的shear(shore,shorn)切斷，剝奪rote死記硬背，生搬硬套perjury偽證（罪）supersede廢除，廢棄officious愛管閑事的efficacy功效indemnity賠償（金）onus義務，負擔subrogation代位（求償權）dissipate揮霍vitiate（使）消弱，（使）無效salvage救援，營救reef礁，暗礁tender招標ab initio自始，從開始時sta

35、tus quo現(xiàn)狀rescission廢除puff吹噓pecuniary金錢的restitutio in integrum拉恢復原狀rogue無賴，流氓avoidance廢止，無效uberrimae fidei 拉最大誠信coercive強制的；強迫的convent女修道院ward被監(jiān)護人devotee皈依者the balance of probabilities可能性較高者consummate完成lopsided不平等的infirmity虛假defraud詐取，騙取ex turpi causa non oritur actio 拉非法或不道德行為不能取得訴因quantum meruit 拉（

36、無合同規(guī)定時）支付合理報酬；應得額；合理金額quantum valebant 拉支付合理價格原則oust剝奪，驅逐solus單獨的covenant協(xié)議，協(xié)定effectuate實行，完成supervening接著發(fā)生revoke撤銷；取消encompass圍繞；包含concurrent同時發(fā)生的coronation加冕禮exculpatory辯解的，辨明無罪的remote damages間接損失expectation interest期待利益reliance interest信賴利益restitution interest返還利益liquidated damages約定損害賠償金maxim格言

37、permeate彌漫，遍布subterfuge托詞，借口evasion規(guī)避，遁詞overt明顯的，公開的slack off松懈；懈怠a Mareva injunction瑪瑞瓦禁令warranty保修單，擔保Textinternational business transactions國際商業(yè)活動；國際經濟交往securities law證券法franchise 特許經營contract合同，有法律約束力的承諾或協(xié)議Convention on the International Sales of Goods(CISG) 聯(lián)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約restatement再聲明，重述duty義務;

38、 職責，責任binding有約束力的deed 地契，土地證stipulation契約，約定，協(xié)定seal 密封文檔，密封（證明真實有效）evidenced in writing有書面證明的formation成立mutual assent相互同意manifestation表現(xiàn)形式bound  有義務的advertisements of rewards懸賞廣告auction拍賣lapse of offer要約失效revocation撤回English law英國法option期權，選擇權Blackacre黑地，黑田（辯論中的假設名字，與whiteacre相對）contingency意外事

39、故，偶發(fā)事件standing offer持續(xù)要約writ of error糾錯令decree判決，裁定Chancery Courts大法官法庭，大法庭refinance再融資Chancellor首席法官，大法官unqualified沒有附加的條件的conditional assent附條件同意return promise 反允諾order confirmation確認訂單terms and conditions 條款及細則general conditions of sale銷售的一般條件；買賣共同條件；一般銷售條件UNIDROIT PICC 國際統(tǒng)一私法協(xié)會國際商事合同通則Mail-Box R

40、ule郵箱規(guī)則consideration 對價detriment損害，傷害promisee受約人promisor做出承諾者，契約者，要約人executory待執(zhí)行的executed已執(zhí)行的accord and satisfaction和解與清償full settlement of a debt全額清償the principle of mutuality交互性原則promissory承諾的，約定的suspensory中止的Privy Court樞密院法庭resume恢復the principle本人，被代理人，委托人；保證人；財產，信托財產Doctrine of Equitable Estopp

41、el衡平禁反言原則qualification條件，資格charter party租船合同frustrate the main purpose of the contract主要目的受阻volition自愿選擇the Parol Evidence Rule口頭證言規(guī)則total integration一體化；完全整合absurdity 荒謬，不合理genesis起源；開端superseded documents替代文件officious bystander好事的旁觀者negligence過失；疏忽the inserter起草者indemnity賠償（金）the onus of proof舉證責任

42、Age of Majority Act成人年齡法guarantees of minors contracts未成年人保證責任guarantee被保人subrogation代位清償unsound mind/ mental-imcapacity心智不全fiduciary基于信托的，受托人，被信托人non est factum否認立約inducement引誘，誘導actionable misrepresentation可訴的虛假陳述restitutio in integrum恢復原狀Uberrimae Fidei最大誠信原則，坦率誠實the Utmost Good Faith最大善意原則prospe

43、ctus說明書，簡介，募股章程undue influence 不當影響contemplation深思熟慮，沉思self-induced自己導致的，自己誘導的vendor賣方，賣主operation of law(OOL) 法律的實施（效果）mutual rescission相互解約unilateral rescission單方廢止；債權人得單方解除契約frustrating events受阻事項a final balance 最后應付余額，最后結余；最后平衡original transactions原始交易commercial impracticability商業(yè)不現(xiàn)實性Statute of

44、Limitations訴訟時效impossible of performance履行不能supervening illegality繼起違法frustration of purpose合同目的落空coronation加冕禮Forcr Majeure Clauses 不可抗力條款remoteness of damage損害的間隔性foreseeability可預見性,預見性unliquidated damages未經算定損害賠償；未清算的損失；未確定損害賠償額extravagant奢侈的；揮霍的claimant原告，索賠者specific performance照規(guī)定嚴格執(zhí)行constant s

45、upervision持續(xù)監(jiān)督good faith善意；真誠good faith performance合同履行中的誠信原則；善意履行express repudiation明示的履行拒絕interlocutory (判決等)在訴訟期間宣告的perpetual不間斷的；持續(xù)的prohibitory禁止的mandatory強制的；法定的pending trial候審期間，未決事項Municiple Courts市法院Choice of Forum Clause選擇法院條款Forum Selection Clause法院管轄之條款Choice of Law Clause適用法律選擇條款commerci

46、al arbitration商事仲裁arbitration agreement仲裁協(xié)議arbitration clauses仲裁條款exercisecontested 有爭議的recital 一系列事件等的詳述boilerplate樣板文件； 公式化，陳詞濫調Caveat Emptor貨物出門概不退換，買主須自行當心（貨物的品質）； 買主當心prevail占優(yōu)勢option contract期權合同merchandise 貨物leverage杠桿作用， 舉債經營Statute of Fraudes反欺詐法unconscionability顯失公平;顯失公平原則unjust

47、enrichment不正當?shù)美鹴hird-party beneficiary 受益第三方· detrimental reliance有害依賴；不利之信賴forfeiture沒收，喪失material breach重大違約，實質性違約illusory promise虛幻允諾rescind廢除； 撤銷omission 疏忽，懈怠，做某事失敗Uniform Commercial Code(UCC)美國統(tǒng)一商法典in pais無法律手續(xù)或書據(jù)quasi-contract準契約； 準合同Unit Five 故意侵權 intentional torts毆打 battery威嚇

48、assault非法監(jiān)禁 false imprisonment侵害地產或動產trespass to Land/Chattels侵占他人動產conversion故意精神傷害Intentional infliction of emotional distress抗辯事由 defenses特權 privilege原告同意 consent正當防衛(wèi) self-defense緊急避險 necessity責任duty不履行責任 breach實際損失或傷害actual loss or damage原告過失 contributory negligence比較過失comparative negligence自冒風險

49、 assumption of risk明示自冒風險express assumption of risk免責條款 exculpatory clause暗示自冒風險implied assumption of risk后果的預見性foreseeability of consequences中介原因 intervening cause連帶責任 joint and several liability補償 indemnity分擔 contribution土地所有人possessor所有權人 owner占有人 occupier自然危險情況 natural hazards土地侵權人 trespasser被許可

50、人 licensee侵權兒童 trespassing children誘惑性公海原則 attractive nuisance doctrine被邀請人 invitee商業(yè)被邀請人 business invitee不當行為/不當履行 misfeasance懈怠不作為/不作為 nonfeasance替代責任 vicarious liability低于成本銷售 sales below cost侵犯隱私 privacy torts盜用他人肖像權 appropriation侵擾他人私生活 intrusion扭曲他人形象 public disclosure of private life不正當競爭comp

51、etitive torts虛假宣傳false advertising傾銷 dumping雇主負責制respondent superiorLiability for negligence 過失責任Civil liability 民事責任Remedies 損害賠償Invasion of privacy侵犯隱私Defamation 誹謗Fraud 欺詐Misrepresentation 虛假表述Conversion 侵犯他人財產Trespass非法侵入Trespass to land/chattels 侵犯他人土地/財產Product liability 產品責任Restitution返還原物，賠償

52、金Damages 賠償金Compensatory damages 補償性傷害賠償金Punitive damages 懲罰性賠償金Special damages 特定損害賠償金Discrete 分離的Affinity親切關系The statute of limitations 訴訟時效Causation 因果關系Tavern 客棧Cause in fact 事實上的原因Hatchet 短柄小斧；言歸于好Proximate cause 最近原因Integrity完整Malice惡意Prima facie case 表面上證據(jù)確鑿的案件Blackout 燈火管制；暫時失去知覺Impediment 妨

53、礙Res Ipsa Loquitur 讓事實說話Quare clausum fregit 緣何侵入私地令Foreseeability 預見性Intermeddle干涉Tort-feasor 侵權行為人Dispossess 剝奪Misconduct 行為不當Misfeasance 錯誤行為Non-feasance 不行為Agrarian 土地的，農村的Nuisance 妨害行為Public nuisance 公共公害Private nuisance 私人妨害Omission 疏忽；懈怠Contributory negligence 混合過失Entrant 參加者Confinement 拘禁Sat

54、isfaction 清償Indemnity補償Negligent misrepresentation 過失的虛假表述Malpractice 玩忽職守Sedition 煽動Libel 書面誹謗Loathsome 令人討厭的Consortium 配偶的地位和權利Duty of care 注意義務Venereal 性交的Incompatible 矛盾的Unchastity 放蕩Disparagement 輕視False light 扭曲他愛人形象Revelation 披露Deceive 欺詐Competitive torts 侵權競合Idiosyncratic 獨特的Premises 房地產Pass off 冒充Palm off 哄騙Recoup 重獲Wherewithal 為做某事而需要的錢Disclose 告知