1、英語(yǔ)試題第1頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）2018 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英 語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂 黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在 答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的 答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié) （共 5 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 7.5 分）聽下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小

2、題，從題中所給的A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例: How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B. 9L. 18.C. 9：15.答案是 Co1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.2. What can we say about the woma n?A. She gen erous.B. She curious.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:3

3、0.B. At 8:30.4. How does the woma n go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.5. What is the probable relati on ship betwee n the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Teacher and stude nt.絕密啟用前C. Write a report.C. Shes helpful.C. At 10:30.C. By bike.C. Doctor and patie nt.英語(yǔ)試題第2頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）第二節(jié) （共 15 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 22.5 分）

4、聽下面 5 段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出 5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。6. What does the woma n regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropp ing out of college.C. Changing her major.7. What is the woma n in terested in study ing now?A. Ecology.B

5、. Educati on.聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 題。8. What is the man?A. A hotel man ager.B. A tour guide.C. A taxi driver.9. What is the man doing for the woma n?A. Look ing for some local foods.B. Show ing her around the seaside.C. Offeri ng in formati on about a hotel.聽第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。13. Why does the woma n

6、meet the man?A. To look at an apartme nt.B. To deliver some furniture.C. To have a meal together.C. Chemistry.聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。10. Where does the con versati on probably take place?C. At a restaura nt.C. Work extra hours.C. Catherine.英語(yǔ)試題第3頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）14. What does the woma n like about the carpe

7、t?A. Its color.B. Its desig n.15. What does the man say about the kitche n?A. It a good size.B. It n ewly pain ted.16. What will the woma n probably do next?A. Go dow ntow n.B. Talk with her friend.聽第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 題。17. Who is the speaker probably talk ing to?A. Movie fans.B. News reporters.18

8、. When did the speaker take En glish classes?A. Before he left his hometow n.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A. He proud.B. He sympathetic.20. What does the speaker mai nly talk about?A. How educati on shaped his life.B. How his

9、 Ian guage skills improved.C. How he man aged his bus in ess well.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40 分）第一節(jié) （共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Durati on: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fan tastic way to see th

10、e world-famous cherry trees withbeautiful flowers of Washi ngton, D.C. Your guide will provide a history less on about the trees andthe famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability and thecherry blossoms -disappear!C. Its quality.C. It adequately equipped.C. Make payme

11、nt.C. College stude nts.C. He grateful.英語(yǔ)試題第4頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDurati on: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washi ngton,D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the Nati onal Mall as your guide shares unique fac

12、ts and history at eachstop. Guided tour in cludes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Durati on: 3 hoursMorni ng or After noon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. n ewcomers and locals looking to experieneeWashington, D.C. in a healthy way with

13、minimum effort. Kno wledgeable guides will en terta in you with the most in teresting stories about Preside nts, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路線)makecycli ng betwee n the sites fun and relax ing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDurati on: 3

14、hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of explorati on in the heart of Wash ington,D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the Natio nal Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo tak ing as your guide offers unique facts and histor

15、y. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottledwater. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you n eed to book in adva nee?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washi ngto n, D.C.B. Wash ington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washi ngt on, D

16、.C.D. Washi ngton Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a n atio nal park.C. Visit well-k nown museums.D. Enjoy in teresti ng stories.23. Which of the followi ng does the bicycle tour at ni ght provide?A. City maps.B. Ca

17、meras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.英語(yǔ)試題第5頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）Good Morning Britain Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cook ing up astorm in her latest role -show ing families how to prepare delicious and nu tritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food , she v

18、isits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers toptips on how to reduce food waste, while prepari ng recipes for under 氏 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britainpresenter says she s been ableput a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home, preparing

19、meals for sons, Sam, 14,Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.“Wdove Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaura nt,”she expla ins.I pay onH5ffo）,aDpoMatt makes them for26p a porti on, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometime

20、s were notaware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series （系歹 U 節(jié)目）,Save Money: Good Food , follows in the footsteps of ITV Save Money: GoodHealth , which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekl

21、y household expe nse, Susa nna and Matt spe nd time with a different fami ly each week.In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in needof some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the familys long weekend ccelebratio n with less expe nsive but still tasty recipes

22、.24. What do we kn ow about Susa nna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrass ing her guests.C. She dislikes work ing early in the morning.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susa nna?A. He buys cook ing materials forher.C. He assists her in cook ingmatters.26. What does the author intend to doA. Summarize the previ

23、ous paragraphs.C. Add some backgro und in formatio n.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keep ing Fit by Eat ing SmartC. Maki ng Yourself a Perfect ChefB. She has started a new programme.D. She has had a tight budget for her familyD. In troduce a new topic for discussi on.B. Bala ncing

24、Our Daily DietD. Cook ing Well for LessB. He prepares food for her kids.D. He in vites guest families for her.in paragraph 4?B. Provide some advice for the readers.英語(yǔ)試題第6頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）Lan guages have bee n coming and going for thousa nds of years, but in recent times there hasbeen less coming and a lot m

25、ore going. When the world was still populated by hun ter-gatherers,small, tightly kn it (聯(lián)系)groups developed their own patter ns of speech independent of each other.Some Ianguage experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten milli onpeople, they spoke perhaps 12,000 Ian

26、guages betwee n them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and theirIanguages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, in dustrialisatio n,the developme nt of the n ati on-state and the spread of uni versal compulsory educati o

27、n, especiallyglobalisati on and better com muni cati ons in the past few decades, all have caused many Ianguagesto disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chin ese are in creas in gly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 Ianguages. The distribution of these Iangua

28、ges is hugelyuneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few Ianguages, often spoken by manypeople, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200Ian guages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of

29、whichPapua New Guinea alone acco unts for well over 800. The median number (中位數(shù))of speakers is amere 6,000, which means that half the world s Ian guages are spoke n by fewer people tha n that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 Ianguages are close to extinction ( 消亡),with only afew elderly s

30、peakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipa n Apache in the Un ited States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one,with a questi on-mark): none of these seems to have much cha nee of survival.28. What can we infer about Ian guages

31、 in hun ter-gatherer times?30. How many Ian guages are spoke n by less tha n 6,000 people at prese nt?A. About 6,800.B. About 3,400.C. About 2,400.D. About 1,200.A. They developed very fast.C. They had similar patter ns.29. Which of the follow ing best expla insA. Complex.C. Powerful.B. They were la

32、rge in nu mber.D.They were closely conn ected.dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?B.Advaneed.D. Modern.31. What is the mai n idea of the text?A. New Ian guages will be created.B. People lifestyles are reflected in Ian guages.C. Huma n developme nt results in fewer Ian guages.D. Geography determ ines

33、 Ian guage evolutio n.DWe may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn tech no logy at the first sight of somethingshiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （ 裝置） well after they goout of style. That s bad news for t-anenoinowmlents -as theseoutdated devices con

34、sume much more en ergy tha n the n ewer ones that do the same thin gs.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at theRochester In stitute of Tech no logy in New York tracked the environmen tal costs for each productthroughout its life -from when its min

35、erals are mined to when we stop using the device. This methodprovided a readout for how home en ergy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices weregrouped by gen eratio n. Desktop computers, basic mobile phon es, and box-set TVs defi ned 1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP

36、3 players, smart phon es, and LCD TVs en teredhomes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn th row out our old ones. “ The living-room televisi on is replaced and gets pla nted in the kids room, and sudde nly one day, you havea TV in e

37、very room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devicesrose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We re not just keeping these old devices -wecontinue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt s team, old desktop mon itors and box TVswith cathode ray t

38、ubes are the worst devices with their en ergy consumption and contribution togreenhouse gas emissions （ 排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 win dow.So whats the solution（解決方案） ？The team data only we nt up to 2007, but the researchersalso explored what would happe n if con sumers replaced

39、old products with new electronics that servemore than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewi ng. They found that moreon-dema nd en terta inment viewi ng on tablets in stead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy con sumpti on by 44%.32. What does the author think of n

40、ew devices?A. They are en viro nmen t-frie ndly.B. They are no better tha n the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.英語(yǔ)試題第 7 頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）英語(yǔ)試題第9頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）s team con duct the research?A. To reduce the cost of min erals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update con

41、 sumers on new tech no logy.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV . B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV . D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electr onic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Ta

42、ke them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.第二節(jié) （共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為 多余選項(xiàng)。Color is fun dame ntal in home desig n -someth ing you ll always have in every room. A graspof how to man age color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creati ng rooms you love

43、 to liv e in.Do you want a room that full of life? Professi on al? Or are you just look ing for a place to relax after along day?36, color is the key to making a room feel theway you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approachthis impor

44、ta nt point.37, they can get a little complex. But good n ews is thatthere re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium on es, and the large on es.38. They re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets thatmost o

45、f us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and lessexpensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant ben efit ofbeing easily cha ngeable.Medium color choices are gen erally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables

46、or bookshelves.39. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they havea more powerful effect on the feeli ng of a space.The large color decisi ons in your rooms concern the walls, ceili ngs, and floors. Whether you riooking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense p

47、ut into it are sig ni fica nt.40.A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you re looking for33. Why did Babbitt英語(yǔ)試題第10頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）C. If you re experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we re most familiar withE. It not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it

48、pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45 分）第一節(jié) （共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。During my second year at the city college, I was told

49、that the education department was offeringa “ free course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because,after all, who doesn42 t wa rfewodollars? More than that,Id always wan ted to lear n （tiess. And, even if I were n 43 eno ugh about free credits, n ews about

50、our 44 was appeali ng eno ugh to me. He was an intern ati onal gran dmaster, which 45 I would belearning from one of the game46.Isould hardly wait to47him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this48was no game for him; he meant bus in ess. In his in troduct io

51、n, he made it49that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write apaper on how we pla n to 51 what we would lear n in class to our future professi ons and,52 , toour lives. I man aged to get an A in that 53 and lear ned lifeless ons that have serv

52、ed me well bey ond the 54.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I m still putting to use wha55e me:The absolute most importa nt56 that you lear n whe n you play chess is how to makegood 57. On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what youropponent （對(duì)手）is doing and 59 the best

53、move from among all your options.” These words still ringtrue today in my 60 as a jour nalist.英語(yǔ)試題第11頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）41. A. put forwardB. jumped atC. tried outD. tur ned down42. A. wasteB. earnC. saveD. pay43. A. excitedB. worriedC. movedD. tired44. A. titleB. competitorC. textbookD. in structor45. A. urge

54、dB. dema ndedC. heldD. meant46. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD. rarest47. A. in terviewB. meetC. challe ngeD. beat48. A. chanceB. qualificati onC.honorD. job49. A. realB. perfectC. clearD. possible50. A. atte ndB. passC. skipD. observe51. A. addB. exposeC. applyD. compare52. A. even tuallyB. n aturall

55、yC. directlyD. no rmally53. A. gameB. prese ntati onC. courseD. experime nt54. A. criteri onB. classroomC. departme ntD. situati on55. A. taughtB. wroteC. questi onedD. promised56. A. factB. stepC. mannerD. skill57. A. gradesB. decisi onsC. impressi onsD. comme nts58. A. an alyzeB. describeC. rebuil

56、dD. con trol59. A. announceB. sig nalC. blockD. evaluate60. A. roleB. desireC. concernD. behavior第二節(jié) （共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Accord ing to a review of evide nee in a medical journ al, runners live three years 61 (long) tha nnon- runn ers. You don t have to run fa

57、st or for lon2 (see) the ben efit. You may drink, smoke, beoverweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective atlen gthe ning life 65 walki ng, cycli ng or swimmi ng. Two of the authors of th

58、e review also made astudy published in 201466 showed a mere five to 10 mi nu tesa day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).英語(yǔ)試題第12頁(yè)（共 13 頁(yè)）The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise it peobably running. Toavoid knee pain, you can r

59、un on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (stre ngth) your leg muscles (肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it s always 69 (energy). Ifyou are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same ben efits as other sports, soperhaps we should all give 70 a try.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共 10 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有 10 處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（人），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2 .只允許修改 10