1、高考新題型專題研討高考新題型專題研討“七選五七選五”試題分析與備考試題分析與備考章丘市創(chuàng)新中學章丘市創(chuàng)新中學 張岳張岳高考大綱要求高考大綱要求l試題模式試題模式：給出一篇缺少給出一篇缺少5個句子的文章，對應有個句子的文章，對應有7個選個選項，要求項，要求考生考生根據(jù)文章結構、內容，選出正確的句子，根據(jù)文章結構、內容，選出正確的句子，填入相應的空白處。填入相應的空白處。l考查重點：考查重點：主要考查考生對主要考查考生對文章的整體內容文章的整體內容和和結構結構以及以及上下文邏輯意義上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。（考試說明）的理解和掌握。（考試說明）l選項特點：選項特點： 主旨概括句（文章整體內容）主

2、旨概括句（文章整體內容） 過渡句（文章結構）過渡句（文章結構） 細節(jié)細節(jié)句（上下文邏輯意義）句（上下文邏輯意義）2010年年2011年年2012年年2013年年2014年年體裁體裁問答式問答式 短文短文短文短文短文短文短文短文短文短文題材題材Question & answer Money mattersFighting stressBusinessDeveloping job skills 詞數(shù)詞數(shù)283283331331335335246246322322篇篇章章結結構構主旨概主旨概括句括句1 12 21 11 11 1(40)(40)過渡句過渡句3 33 31 13 32 2(36

3、/39)(36/39)細節(jié)細節(jié)句句1 10 03 31 12 2(37/38)(37/38)近五年題型設計近五年題型設計 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. _36_ . By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1.Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. _37_ . Ask kids, “What ingredi

4、ents (配料配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new _38_. There are a dozen different things yo

5、u can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 3.Personal skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read peop

6、le helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. _39_ . “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 4. Self Expression _40_ there are many ways to express thoughts an

7、d ideas music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A. Encourage kids to cook with you. B. And we cant forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prep

8、are for jobs that dont yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.命題特點命題特點1.1.選文原則：選文原則：體裁以指導類說明文為主，體裁以指

9、導類說明文為主，為為“問題問題回答回答”或或“矛盾矛盾解決解決”模式；題材模式；題材貼近考生，貼近生活，與時俱進，貼近考生，貼近生活，與時俱進，便便于學生理解；于學生理解；文章長度約文章長度約300左右。左右。2.2.語篇結構特點明顯：語篇結構特點明顯：文章的結構嚴謹，層次分明，行文邏輯性文章的結構嚴謹，層次分明，行文邏輯性強；注重內容的統(tǒng)一性，段落的連貫性，段內的關聯(lián)性，句句銜強；注重內容的統(tǒng)一性，段落的連貫性，段內的關聯(lián)性，句句銜接的自然性。接的自然性。3.3.題目信息指向準確：題目信息指向準確：七個選項意義上都與短文相關，但正確答七個選項意義上都與短文相關，但正確答案在文章的主旨結構、行

10、文邏輯上定位準確，信息指向性強，便案在文章的主旨結構、行文邏輯上定位準確，信息指向性強，便于學生在理解文章結構的同時，準確捕捉有效信息，確定答案。于學生在理解文章結構的同時，準確捕捉有效信息，確定答案。4.4.選項設計對能力考察全面：選項設計對能力考察全面：三類功能的句子所占比重合理，能三類功能的句子所占比重合理，能科學地考察學生對文章的整體內容、結構以及上下文邏輯意義的科學地考察學生對文章的整體內容、結構以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。理解和掌握。 分析篇章結構、把握全篇文脈是解題的關鍵。分析篇章結構、把握全篇文脈是解題的關鍵。語篇通常由段落構成，所以分析篇章結構包括兩語篇通常由段落構成，所

11、以分析篇章結構包括兩個層次：一是分析段落之間的層次，也就是語篇個層次：一是分析段落之間的層次，也就是語篇層次；二是分析每個段落內部的層次，即句際層層次；二是分析每個段落內部的層次，即句際層次。次。尤其是選項與前（后）句之間的邏輯關系，尤其是選項與前（后）句之間的邏輯關系，是確定答案的主要依據(jù)。是確定答案的主要依據(jù)。 考點把握考點把握篇章結構類題解題技巧篇章結構類題解題技巧通讀整篇文章，理清文章結構和中心（主旨），通讀整篇文章，理清文章結構和中心（主旨），根據(jù)試題所在的位置實施不同的解題策略。根據(jù)試題所在的位置實施不同的解題策略。篇章結構類題解題技巧篇章結構類題解題技巧1. 如果空格設在段首或為

12、段落標題如果空格設在段首或為段落標題 ： 總總分分 通常是段落主題句通常是段落主題句。認真閱讀后文內容，根據(jù)段落一致性原。認真閱讀后文內容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出主題句。關注每段首則，查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出主題句。關注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題尾句，了解大意知主題 。2. 如果空格設在段尾如果空格設在段尾 ：分：分總總 通常是結論、概括性語句通常是結論、概括性語句。注意在選項中查找表示結果、結。注意在選項中查找表示結果、結論、總結等的信號詞，如論、總結等的信號詞，如therefore, as a result, thus, in short, to su

13、m up, to conclude, in a word等詞語，選項中也等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。3. 如果空格是一整個自然段如果空格是一整個自然段 通常是承上啟下的句子。通常是承上啟下的句子。要特別關注前后段的內在聯(lián)系和邏要特別關注前后段的內在聯(lián)系和邏輯關系。輯關系。空格設在段首空格設在段首 （ 4. Self Expression 40 there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find th

14、at your child is attracted by one more than another.E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 73 When a person is as

15、king a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.A. Show your true interest.B. Restate the question with respect.C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.另：另：20112011年年7474題題 (4) Be positive. Most stress is temporary (暫時的). Remember stress d

16、oes go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it. These steps arent magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, youll help yourself feel better even faster. _75_空格空格設設在段在段尾尾 （AAsk for a helping hand to get yo

17、u through the tough situation.BNotice your friends feelings and find a way to help them.CDifferent people feel stress in different ways.DAh, it feels so good when the stress is gone.句際細節(jié)類題解題技巧句際細節(jié)類題解題技巧立足語段，關注空白前后句，理清句際邏輯關立足語段，關注空白前后句，理清句際邏輯關系，鎖定關鍵詞，甄選答案。系，鎖定關鍵詞，甄選答案。句際細節(jié)類題型解題技巧句際細節(jié)類題型解題技巧1 1、詞語重現(xiàn)法、

18、詞語重現(xiàn)法 詞語重現(xiàn)是指詞語在文章與答案中的重復出現(xiàn)，詞語重現(xiàn)是指詞語在文章與答案中的重復出現(xiàn)，重現(xiàn)詞語可能以不同詞類、詞性、數(shù)、格、時態(tài)、語重現(xiàn)詞語可能以不同詞類、詞性、數(shù)、格、時態(tài)、語態(tài)，等形式出現(xiàn)。比如：態(tài)，等形式出現(xiàn)。比如：read, reading, reader, read, reading, reader, readersreaders。還可能是以同義詞、近義詞、反義詞甚至是。還可能是以同義詞、近義詞、反義詞甚至是等形式出現(xiàn)。（即關鍵詞復現(xiàn)或同現(xiàn)）等形式出現(xiàn)。（即關鍵詞復現(xiàn)或同現(xiàn)） 2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to t

19、ake something existing and create something new. 38 . There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we cant forget science education.C.

20、 We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.During my first meeting, I presented and then opened the floor to questions. 71 . My first reaction was to answer defensivelyB. Restate the question with respect.C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.D. There were many difficult questions.

21、There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend 71 . But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. D. Try not to find fault with your friends. E. Making new friends com

22、es easy for some people. F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 . By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.B. And we cant forget science education.C. We can give kids chan

23、ces to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?Parents should help their children understand money. 71 so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.D. Talk yourself wh

24、at things that cost money are most important to you.E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.，it等，通過分析代詞所指帶的名詞或等，通過分析代詞所指帶的名詞或句子判斷答案。句子判斷答案。句際細節(jié)類題型解題技巧句際細節(jié)類題型解題技巧3.Personal skills Underst

25、anding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 . “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looki

26、ng at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skil

27、l.Try taking these four steps. the next time you are stressed:(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to “trusted adult, such as “parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved p

28、et. D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone. E. You need to figure out what the problem is. F. And dont forget about your friends.3、邏輯關系線索法、邏輯關系線索法并列與遞進關系并列與遞進關系：and, also, further, moreover, whats more, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, firstly, secondly, thirdly. 等;因果關系因果關系：so, there

29、fore, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result等；轉折與讓步關系轉折與讓步關系：however, nevertheless, though, yet, in spite of, on the contrary, otherwise, while, rather than, even if, despite, fortunately等。句際細節(jié)類題型解題技巧句際細節(jié)類題型解題技巧The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 . By helping them develop cla

30、ssic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.Most businesses seek

31、to make a profit（利潤） that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 71_ Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. _72_ D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.解題步驟解題步驟：1.1.通讀選項，理解句意，找出關鍵詞（名詞、代詞、動通讀選項，理解句意，找出關鍵詞（名詞、代詞、動詞、連詞等）；詞、連詞等）；2.2.通通，結合，結合分析語篇分析語篇