1、小學(xué)英語骨干教師小學(xué)英語骨干教師 培訓(xùn)培訓(xùn)趙楠Rulel1、Have fun! l2、Dont be afraid to make a mistake.l3、Open your mouth and speak.l4、Only use English in class.(Use English in class as you can.)l5、Listen when other studends speak.Content（培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容）（培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容）l、communication English(交際英語)l、proverbs（諺語）l、idioms(俗語)l、rhythmic courses(律動(dòng))

2、、games(游戲) and classic songs(經(jīng)典歌曲欣賞)等.、Communication English(交際英語交際英語)一、 Social Communications(社會(huì)交際)二、 Emotions and Attitudes ( 情感態(tài)度) l一、一、 Social Communications(社會(huì)交際社會(huì)交際)（一）（一）Greetings(問候問候)1. Hello! /Hi! 語氣較隨便，是熟人、朋友間問候的常用語。后面常接對(duì)方的名字、稱謂?；卮鹑詾镠ellol！/Hi！但在打電話時(shí)不能用Hi!只能用Hello!l2. Good morning/afterno

3、on/evening! l是比較正式的問候語，evening指太陽落山到天黑之前這段時(shí)間，天黑則用night對(duì)方也用此作答。 l3. Nice/Glad to meet/see you! l 雙方初次見面時(shí)常用此句問候語，對(duì)方常用：Nice/Glad to meet you,too！作答。此外Nice/Glad to meet/see you!還是初次見面分手時(shí)的用語。l4. How are you?l用于熟人之間有一段時(shí)間未見面，或是對(duì)方身體不佳，或是較正式地向別人打招呼等場合，其答語通常是：(Im) fine/OK/all right, thank you!很好，謝謝了！l5.How do

4、 you do ?l是較正式的問候用語，用于初次見面或被介紹時(shí)初次相識(shí)的場合。對(duì)方也用此句作答。 （二）Introduction(介紹)l1Introduce oneselflIm Liu Mei.lMy name is Jack.l2Introduce the otherlThis is Miss/Mr/Mrs/Ms Green.lThis is my friend，Li Ming.lMay I introduce you to my friends?lId like you to meet Mr Green.（三）（三）asking(詢問情況詢問情況)1whats your name? W

5、hos that girl? May I have your name？2Whats this/that in English? 用It is a/an作答。3 Excuse me,is this your book? 其答語是：Yes,it is或No,it isnt.4. What about you? /How about you?（四）Farewells (告別)llGood-bye/Bye-bye/Bye!lGood night!lSee you( again)!lSee you later/tomorrow/next time/then.l2Im sorry/afraid I ha

6、ve to go/must be leaving/must be off nowlI think its time for us to leave now(五) Making appointments and Invitation(約會(huì)和邀請(qǐng))l1Would you like to go with us?l Will you join us?lWill you come?lCould you come to our party?lPlease be here before tenlAre you free this evening/Sunday?lWould you like to see a

7、 movie with me?lHow about going out for a walk？l2.Yes./Certainly./Of course.lWith pleasure.lYes,Id like/love to.lIts very kind of you to invite me.lSure.That would be fun.l3.Sorry，I cant.lIm afraid I cant.lId Iove to，butlI dont feel well.（六）Thanks(感謝)l1Thank you( very much)lThanks(a lot).lMany thank

8、s.lThank you for your help/giftlIts/Thats very kind of youl2Thats/lts nothinglThats all right.lThats OKlYoure welcomelDont mention itl(Its)My Pleasurel(lts)A Pleasurel3Its most thoughtful of YoulI dont know how I can thank you enough。lI dont know what I should have done without your help.lThank you

9、all the same.（七）Apologies(道歉)1.sorry!Im sorry!Not at all./lt doesnt matter. Thats OK/all right2.Excuse me. 3.I beg your pardon Pardon?（八）nationality(國籍)lA：Where are you/they from?lB：Im/We/They are from the USA.lA：Where is he/she from?lB：He/She is from France.lA：Where do you come from?lB：We come from

10、 China.lA：Where does he/she come from？lB:He/She comes from England.（九）occupation(職業(yè))lA:What do you do？whats your job? /What are you？lB：Im a student/teacher.lA：What does he/she do？lB: He/She is a doctorlA:What do they do?lB：Theyre workers.lA：Where do you work？lB: I work in a schoollA：Where does he/sh

11、e work？lB：He/She works in a shop.（十）Asking for permission (請(qǐng)求允許) l1. May/Can/Could l use your bike?l1 wonder if l could use your bikelWould/Do you mind if I open the window?l2.Yes，please do.lof course. /CertainlylNo，please dontlYoud better not.lIm afraid not. /Im afraid you cantlIm sorry,but Im usin

12、g it（十一）Asking and Offering help (請(qǐng)求與提供幫助)1A:Can/Could you help me?B:Yes. /Sure. /Of course. /Certainly.A:Will/Would you please close the door?B:Im afraid I cant. /Im sorry l cant.2A:Can I help you? /What can I do for you?B：OK/Yes. /Yes, pleaseA:Would you like me to help you?B:Yes,thanks. /No, thank

13、s.A:Let me help you. /Let me take the bag for you.B：Thats very kind of youThank you for your help （十二） Expressing wishes and congratulations (祝賀和祝愿)l1Happy New YearlMerry Christmas!lHappy the Spring Festival!lHave a good/nice time!lHappy Mothers DaylHappy birthday(to you)!lEnjoy yourself!lGood luck(

14、to you)!lHave a good trip/journey.lI hope everything goes well.lWish you every success!lI hope youll get well soon.l2The same to you.lThank you.（十三）Making telephone calls (打電話)l1HelloThis is Tom speakingl不能說：Hello，lm Tom.l2.1s that Kate( speaking)?l 電話用語中，打電話的一方用this，另一方用that。l3.Hello,whos that spea

15、king?l打電話時(shí)問對(duì)方是誰，不可以說：Who are you?對(duì)方的答語是：This isspeaking. 而不應(yīng)該說:Im。l4.Hello!May I speak to Wang Ming?lYes，this is Wang Ming./ Sorry，he isnt here.Can/Could I take a message for you?l5.(Wait for)A minute./A moment,please./Hold on,please.（十四）Talking about weather (談?wù)撎鞖?l1How is the weather today?l/Whats

16、 the weather like today? It is sunny/cloudy/windysnowy/foggy/rainy英美兩國人見面時(shí)常喜歡談天氣，因?yàn)椤疤鞖狻钡脑掝}不涉及任何人的隱私，不會(huì)使談話雙方感到不自在，同時(shí)還能維持雙方的關(guān)系，不至于打招呼像陌生人。l2What a cold/hot day today!l 3It looks like rainl4Im hot/cold.l Me,too!（十五）Having meals(就餐)lA：What would you like to have/eat/drink?lB:1d like a hamburger/CokelA:W

17、hat would you like to drink,tea or coffee?lB：Coffee, please.lA:Would you like a cup of tea?lB:No,thanks.lA:Would you like some more fish?lB;lm full, thank youIve had enough, thank you（十六）Shopping(購物)l1這是服務(wù)員和顧客之間常見表達(dá)：這是服務(wù)員和顧客之間常見表達(dá)：l Can I help you?l /Could I help you? /What can I do for you？/Is ther

18、e anything I can do for you? /What do you want?其中Could I help you?語氣較客氣、禮貌。lIm looking for a pen for my sonl顧客回應(yīng)服務(wù)員還可說成：1 wantId like。l2挑選物品常見表達(dá)：挑選物品常見表達(dá)：lWhat color do you Want？lWhat size of shoes do You want/wear？lMy size is 38,1 thinklI want that black pairlDo you have anything cheaper?l3.決定購買商品與

19、談價(jià)格：決定購買商品與談價(jià)格：lThats fine.Ill take itlLet me have two kilos.lHeres the money.lHow much is/are.lHow many/much do you want?lThanks. Heres the changellts 100 yuan.lThats too dear/expensivelThe color is too dark.（十七）Seeing the doctor(看病)l1Whats wrong with you?l/Whats the matter with you？l2.I have a bad

20、cold/cough/fever/headachel3.How long have you been like this?lHow long詢問持續(xù)的時(shí)間長度，應(yīng)用時(shí)間段來回答。l4.Have you taken your temperature?l5. Nothing seriousl6Take these pills three times a day.ltree times a day 一天三次，類似的短語有：two days a week一周兩天 once a month 一月一次l7Youd better stay in bed for two daysl此句為醫(yī)生的建議，用Youd

21、 better開頭，語氣較委婉，其后要接動(dòng)詞原形，否定形式為：Youd better not。（十八）Asking the way(問路)l1Excuse me. Wheres the washroom/toilet?lExcuse me. How can I get to the station?lCan/Could you tell me the way to the number l hospital?lExcuse me. Is there a post office near here?lExcuse me. Which is the way to Xinhua Bookshop?l

22、2Go down this road.lTurn left/right at the shop/the corner/the first crossing.在商店/拐角/第一個(gè)十字路口向左右拐。lWalk straight on and youll see/find it。lTake the second turning on the left/rightlTake No.3 Bus and get off at the eighth stop. lSorry,l dont know(the way).（十九）Time and Date(時(shí)間和日期)lI.What time is it? /W

23、hats the time now？lMay I ask the time? lDo you have the time？lWhat day is it?lWhat day was yesterday?lWhat day is tomorrow?lWhats the date today?l2Its 10 0clocklIts Wednesday. lIt was Friday yesterday. lTomorrow is Monday.lIts 6th of October.lTodays August 8th, 2010（二十）Advice and Suggestions (勸告與建議)

24、l1youd better(not)go therelYou should(ought to)put on more clotheslYou need(to buy)a new coatlI suggest that he(should)start at once.lShall we start at once? lLets go to school togetherlWhat(How)about a cup of tea?lWhy not try again?lWhy dont you try again?lWould you like to try? lWhat do you say to

25、 have lunch?lSuppose you ring me upl2All right. /OK. /GreatlThats a good idealSorry,l cant. /Im afraid I cant.二、二、Emotions and Attitudes(情感態(tài)度情感態(tài)度)（一）Happiness(高興)How nice! How wonderful！Thats great/wonderful！Im so happy（二）Surprise(驚奇)lReally?lOh，dear!lHow strange!lHow nice to see you! lI can hardly

26、believe it（三）Reassurance安慰lCheer up！lDont worrylDont be afraid. llts(quite)all right. lYoull do better next time.（四）Likes and Dislikes(喜歡和不喜歡)lA:Do you like music？lB：Yes，I do. /No，I dont. lA：Does she like footbaIl？lB：Yes, she does. /No, she doesntlI like Playing/to play computer gamesl1 love art ver

27、y muchlThis book is very interesting/badlI dont like the film（五）Agreement and Disagreement (同意和不同意)l1Yes.lSure.Certainly.Of courselAll right. /OK.lThats correct. lNo problem.lThats a good idea.lI couldnt agree more. lThat sounds like a good idealI agree with you on that pointl I think so, too.l 2Im

28、afraid notl I dont agree.I disagree with you.l I dont think thats a good idea.（六）Preference and Hobby(偏愛與愛好)l 1Whats your hobby?l What do you often do in your spare time?l Do You like sports?l 2. I Iike English better, but he likes maths betterl I like playing ping-pong best.l I really love dancing.

29、l I enjoy swimming.（七）Praise and Encouragement (表揚(yáng)與鼓勵(lì))l1Very good!lWonderful! lWell done!lYour pants are very cool.lYou speak Chinese very welllYou can do itlYou did a great jobl2Its very nice of you to say solThank you, Im glad you like itlIts so nice to hear that、Proverb （諺語） l1Never say diel永不言敗。

30、2No cross，no crown不經(jīng)歷風(fēng)雨，怎么見彩虹。l3New wine in old bottlesl舊瓶裝新酒.l4Never too old to learn, never too late to turn。l亡羊補(bǔ)牢，為時(shí)未晚。l5No garden without its weedsl沒有不長草的園子。l6No living man all things canl世上沒有萬事通。l7No man can do two things at once.l 一心不可二用。l8No man is born wise or learnedl沒有生而知之者。l9No man is con

31、tentl人心不足蛇吞象。l10No man is wise at all timesl聰明一世，糊涂一時(shí)。l11None are so blind as those who wont seel視而不見。ll2None are so deaf as those who wont hear.l充耳不聞l13No news is good newsl沒有消息就是好消息.l14No one can call back yesterdayl昨日不會(huì)重現(xiàn)。l15No pains，no gainsl沒有付出就沒有收獲。l16No pleasure without painl沒有苦就沒有樂。l17. No

32、rose without a thorn.l沒有不帶刺的玫瑰。l18. No sweet without sweat.l先苦后甜。 l19. No smoke without fire.l無風(fēng)不起浪。l20. Nothing brave, nothing have.l不入虎穴，焉得虎子。l21. Nothing dries sooner than a tear.l人無長痛。l22. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to itl世上無難事，只要肯攀登。l23、Nothing is difficult to t

33、he man who will try.l世上無難事，只要肯登攀。l24. Nothing seek, nothing find.l沒有追求就沒有收獲。 l25. Nothing is so necessary for travelers as languages.l對(duì)于旅行者來說，語言是必需品。l26Nothing is to be got without pains but poverty.l世上唯有貧窮可以不勞而獲，l27. Not to advance is to go back.l不進(jìn)則退。l28. Not to know what happened before one was b

34、orn is always to be a child. l不懂事故，幼稚可笑。l29. No way is impossible to courage.l勇者無懼。 l30. Obedience is the first duty of a soldier.l軍人以服從命令為天職。 l31. Observation is the best teacher.l觀察是最好的老師。l32. Offense is the best defense.l進(jìn)攻是最好的防御。l33. Old friends and old wines are best.l.陳酒味醇，老友情深。 l34. Old sin m

35、akes new shame. l一失足成千古恨。l35. Once a man and twice a child. l一次老，兩次小。l36. Once a thief, always a thief.l偷盜一次，做賊一世。l37. Once bitten, twice shy. l一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩。l38. One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. l一個(gè)和尚挑水喝，兩個(gè)和尚抬水喝，三個(gè)和尚沒水喝。l39. One cannot put back the clock.l時(shí)鐘不能倒轉(zhuǎn)。l40. One eyew

36、itness is better than ten hear says.l百聞不如一見。l41. One false move may lose the game.l一著不慎，滿盤皆輸。l42. One good turn deserves another.l行善積德。l43. One hour today is worth two tomorrow.l爭分奪秒效率高。l44. One mans fault is other mans lesson.l前車之鑒。 l45. One never loses anything by politeness.l講禮貌不吃虧。l46. One swall

37、ow does not make a summer.l一燕不成夏。l47.Ones words reflect ones thinking.l言為心聲。l48. Out of debt, out of dangerl無債一身輕。l49. Out of office, out of danger.l無官一身輕。 l50. Out of sight, out of mind.l眼不見，心為靜。l51. Patience is the best remedy.l忍耐是良藥。 l52. Penny wise, pound foolish.l貪小便宜吃大虧。l53. Plain dealing is p

38、raised more than practiced.l正大光明者，說到的多，做到的少。 (表揚(yáng)光明磊落的人多，而做的人。) l54. Please the eye and plague the heart.l貪圖一時(shí)快活，必然留下隱禍。l55. Pleasure comes through toill苦盡甘來。l56Pour water into a sieve.l竹籃子打水一場空。l57. Practice makes perfect.l熟能生巧。l58. Praise is not pudding.l恭維話不能當(dāng)飯吃。l59. Praise makes good men better,

39、and bad men worse.l好人越夸越好，壞人越夸越糟。l60Prefer loss to unjust gain.l寧可吃虧，不貪便宜。l61. Prevention is better than cure.l預(yù)防勝于治療。l62. Pride goes before, and shame comes after.l驕傲使人落后。l63. Promise is debt. l一諾千金。l64. Proverbs are the daughters of daily experience.l諺語是日常經(jīng)驗(yàn)的結(jié)晶。l65. Pull the chestnut out of fire.l

40、火中取栗。l66. Put the cart before the horse.l本末倒置。l67. Put your shoulder to the wheel.l鼎力相助。l68. Reading enriches the mind.l開卷有益。l70. Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.l要人尊敬，必須自重。l71Rome is not built in a day.l冰凍三尺，非一日之寒。l72. Saying is one thing and doing another！l言行不一。l73. Seeing is bel

41、ieving.l眼見為實(shí)。l69. Reading is to the mind while exercise to the body.l讀書健腦，運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)身。l74. Seek the truth from facts.l實(shí)事求是。l75. Send a wise man on an errand, and say nothing to him.l智者當(dāng)差，不用交代。l76.Set a thief to catch a thiefl以賊捉賊。 l77. Short accounts make long friendsl好朋友勤算賬。l78. Something is better than n

42、othingl廖勝于無。l80. Soon ripe, soon rottenl熟得快，爛得快。l81. Speech is silver, silence is gold.l能言是銀，沉默是金。l82. Still water run deepl靜水流深。l83.Strike the iron while it is hotl趁熱打鐵。l79.Soon learn, soon forgotten.l學(xué)得快，忘得快 l84. Success belongs to the persevering.l堅(jiān)持就是勝利。l85. Take things as they comel既來之，則安之。l86.

43、 Talking mends no holes.l空談無補(bǔ)。l87. Talk of the devil and he will appear.l說曹操，曹操就到。 l88. Hasty love, soon cold.l一見鐘情難維久。l90. Health is happiness.l健康就是幸福。l91. Hear all parties.l兼聽則明。l92. Heaven never helps the man who will not act.l自己不動(dòng)，叫天何用l89Health is better than wealthl健康勝過財(cái)富。l93He is a fool that f

44、orgets himself.l愚者忘乎所以l94.He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.l背后說好話，才是真朋友。l95. He is a wise man who speaks little.l聰明不是掛在嘴上96. He is lifeless that is faultless只有死人才不犯錯(cuò)誤。 l97 .He is not fit to command others that cannot command himself.l正人先正己。l98. He is not laughed at that la

45、ughs at himself first.l自嘲者不會(huì)讓人見笑。l99. He is wise that is honestl誠實(shí)者最明智l100. He knows most who speaks least. l大智若愚 、idiom（俗語）（俗語）l1a dime a dozen ldime是美國人使用的一角錢硬幣如果用它能夠買到一打(dozen)東西，那就說明這東西一定很便宜，遍地都是，a dime a dozen形容的就是一樣?xùn)|西到處都能找得到、買得到，一點(diǎn)都不稀罕、不值錢。有時(shí)我們也用not be worth a dime這個(gè)習(xí)語來形容某種東西的廉價(jià)。例如：lIt turns o

46、ut her precious painting isnt worth a dimeits a fake.l它那幅名畫被證明毫無價(jià)值那是幅贗品。l2.a fish out of waterl咱們中國人有“如魚得水”一說，老美卻偏偏來個(gè)a fish out of water，與咱們的意思正好相反：“如魚離水”當(dāng)然就是很不自在，感到別扭的意思了。這樣的場合你肯定碰到過：明明是個(gè)舞盲，卻被朋友硬拉去參加舞會(huì)，別人邀你共舞你也只能尷尬的搖搖頭，這個(gè)時(shí)候的你絕對(duì)就是a fish out of water。注意這個(gè)習(xí)語常常和介詞like搭配在一起使用。例如：lDriving a car for the f

47、irst time,Tom felt like a fish out of water.第一次開車，湯姆很不習(xí)慣。l3a little bird told melA little bird told me.別問，反正有人告訴我。此語用于表示自己從某人那里得知了某件事，但不愿透露消息的來源。a little bird也可說成a little birdie, birdie是一個(gè)口語詞匯，指小鳥，關(guān)于birdie還有其他幾個(gè)比較有趣的習(xí)語：hear the birdies sing被打昏過l去，Look at/Watch the birdie!瞧這邊！照相啦！l4a piece of cakel不知

48、道是不是因?yàn)榈案庠诿绹搜劾锾毡椋运麄儾虐讶菀赘傻氖卤扔鞒上癯砸粔K蛋糕那樣簡單，而不是吃一碗米飯，當(dāng)然，除了蛋糕，他們還愛吃派，所以我們還經(jīng)常聽到他們說Its as easy as pie. cakc和pie都是吃起來簡單，做起來難的。l5a shoulder to cry onl當(dāng)我們傷心沮喪，孤獨(dú)彷徨，身邊有一個(gè)可以靠著哭泣的肩膀(a shoulder to cry on)，幫我們收納所有的憂傷，多么好??！a shoulder to cry on比喻煩惱時(shí)撫慰我們情緒、傾聽我們?cè)V說的人。例如：lWhen Mom came home，Jane had a shoulder to cry

49、 on.媽媽回來了，簡總算有了傾訴對(duì)象。l我們把向別人傾訴煩惱比喻成cry on someones shoulder。例如：lWhen James had a problem at the office he generally cried on his sisters shoulder.l當(dāng)詹姆斯在辦公室有了不愉快，他都會(huì)找姐姐傾訴。l6.after ones own heartlafter ones own heart出自于一則圣經(jīng)故事，先知Samuel奉上帝耶和華之命，Saul為以色列國王。但Saul為人剛愎自用，常常不服從上帝的命令。Samuel警告他：“你的王位坐不久了，耶和華已經(jīng)找

50、到一位合他心意之人（a man after his own heart）來領(lǐng)導(dǎo)l百姓。”果然Saul后來被King David（大衛(wèi)士）取代。這個(gè)習(xí)語一直保持著圣經(jīng)中的愿意，表示“稱心如意；正中下懷”，既可指人也可表物。例如：lShes a cook after my own heart.她作為廚師，正合我意。l7. against the clocklagainst the clock又作against the time。這個(gè)習(xí)語跟需要計(jì)時(shí)的體育比賽有關(guān)系，似乎所有的比賽看上去都是選手與選手之間的競爭，但真正說明他們成績的是滴答走動(dòng)的時(shí)鐘，參賽者的輸贏必須依計(jì)時(shí)的結(jié)果來決定。所以agains

51、t the clock/time就是“跟時(shí)間賽跑，分秒必爭”之意。例如：lScientists were working against the clock to collect specimens before the volcano erupted again.l科學(xué)家們?cè)诨鹕奖l(fā)之前，爭分奪秒地收集著標(biāo)本。l8against the grainl不知大家是否知道grain除了“谷物”的意思外,還可以表示木、石、織物等的紋理，那against the grain，違反紋理到底是什么意思呢？只要是木匠都知道，鋸木頭或刨木材必須順著木材的紋理進(jìn)行，如果逆向處理，這些木材會(huì)裂成碎片，失去其利用價(jià)

52、值。所以人們就把a(bǔ)gainst the grain引申為違背自然意愿或違反本性。例如：l Its not easy to go against the grain and buy stocks when others are selling them.大家都在拋售股票的時(shí)候，要你違反常規(guī)地去買確實(shí)不容易。l9. all in the same boatlall in the same boat是用同處一條船比喻大家處境相同，面對(duì)同樣的危險(xiǎn)和困難.這個(gè)習(xí)語還經(jīng)常被簡化為in the same boat。例如：lShes always complaining that she doesnt hav

53、e enough money,but were in the same boat.她老抱怨錢不夠，難道我跟她不一樣啊。l10.as cool as a cucumberl黃瓜在夏天也能保持清涼，所以as cool as a cucumber就比喻遇事不慌的人，如果有的人學(xué)不來黃瓜的秉性，你要?jiǎng)袼涂梢哉fkeep cool。例如：lKeep cool，theyll soon show up.別急，他們馬上就會(huì)出現(xiàn)了。l11at loose endsl不管拴的是什么，繩子兩頭(ends)要是沒捆緊(loose)，根本就無法開工啊，即使開了工也很容易出問題。所以at loose ends指的就是“

54、無事可干；心里沒底”。例如：lThis whole visit has left me feeling restless,constantly at loose ends.整個(gè)參觀的過程我的無比煩躁，老是靜不下來。l有時(shí)我們還直接用loose ends 來比喻一些尚待處理的枝節(jié)問題。例如：lWeve not quite finished the project;there are still some loose ends.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目還沒有徹底完工，還有一些細(xì)枝末節(jié)尚未處理。l12. at the eleventh hourl這個(gè)習(xí)語源自馬太福音。從前有個(gè)富人，自家的葡萄園缺人手，早上5點(diǎn)就開始

55、雇人，一直雇到夜里11點(diǎn)，最后來的人才干了一小時(shí)活兒，12點(diǎn)就徹底完工了。而他卻付給了每個(gè)人同樣多的錢，弄得那些來得早的人極為不滿，抱怨來得早不如來得巧，只要在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻來就好了。于是人們便開始用at the eleventh hour這個(gè)說法來表示“在最后時(shí)刻，在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻”。l13be all earsl中國人是把耳朵“洗”干凈了，好好聽別人說話；而美國人卻是讓自己渾身都長滿耳朵用心去傾聽。其實(shí)表達(dá)的都是一個(gè)意思：我準(zhǔn)備好了，你說吧。例如：lDo you want to hear what happened at the party last night?想知道昨晚的聚會(huì)上發(fā)生了什么事兒嗎？l

56、Oh yes，Im all ears.想啊，我洗耳恭聽。l假如一個(gè)人渾身都長滿了眼睛(be all eyes)，又是怎么一回事兒呢？不錯(cuò)，就是“目不轉(zhuǎn)跟”的意思例如：lWe were all eyes as the prince and princess emerged from the palace當(dāng)王子和公主從宮殿里現(xiàn)身時(shí)，我們個(gè)個(gè)都目不轉(zhuǎn)睛。l14.be chickenl我們形容一個(gè)人膽小用“膽小如鼠”來比喻，美國人則用小雞來比喻，也許他們認(rèn)為未成年的小雞是世界上最經(jīng)不起驚嚇的動(dòng)物吧。拿chicken做比喻的習(xí)語不止這一個(gè)，它們幾乎都是圍繞小雞的“膽小”特性展開，比如be chicken

57、 hearted,也是“膽小”的意思；chicken out表示畏縮不前；tender as a chicken表示不夠堅(jiān)強(qiáng)l15. be (stuck) in a rutlrut用作名詞有兩個(gè)意思，第一：車轍；槽；凹痕；第二：常規(guī)；慣例。如果某物陷入了深深的車轍，那一定是寸步難行，be (stuck) in a rut形容的就是這種“一成不變”的狀態(tài)。例如：lIts clear the economy is still struck in rut.很明顯經(jīng)濟(jì)方面還是沒有什么發(fā)展。lbe(stuck)in a rut 還表示拘泥于常規(guī)，乏味的要命。例如：lAfter thirty years

58、of the same job，he feels he is in a rut干了30年同樣的工作，他煩得要命。l16. be up to ones earsl這個(gè)習(xí)語還可以說成be up to ones eyeballs或be up to ones neck,想象一下要處理的文件多得已經(jīng)堆到脖子或者眼睛的高度，是不是足以說明這個(gè)人很忙了？如：lI am up to my neck/eyeballs in assignments and exams at school.在學(xué)校我一直忙著做功課、參加考試。 l17. beat ones brains outl一個(gè)問題怎么也想不出答案時(shí)，有些人會(huì)使

59、勁兒地用手拍(beat)自己的腦袋，就差把腦子給拍出來了，beat ones brains out形容的就是這樣一幅畫面，跟中文里的“絞盡腦汁”相似。rack ones brain是與它同義的一個(gè)習(xí)語，rack有“施肢刑”的意思，就跟五馬分尸似的，這么對(duì)待自己的腦袋，肯定也是被疑難問題煩得不輕。例如：lIve been racking my brain trying to recall where we put the key.我使勁地回憶我到底把鑰匙放到哪兒了。l18behind barslbar就是“關(guān)押囚犯的鐵門桿”，被關(guān)在這些桿子后面(behind bars)當(dāng)然就是“坐牢“了。bar

60、還可以專指法庭上的圍欄，所以the bar代表的就是“律師界”。例如：lShes training for the bar.她正在接受律師資格培訓(xùn)。l1 9bend over backwardslbend over backwards指把整個(gè)身子都往后仰，恨不能馬上就夠著地面，努力到這份兒上了還不叫“竭盡全力”啊？當(dāng)然！還有比這更厲害的fall over backwards為做某事摔得底朝天。例如： lShe fell over backwards trying to please her boss,but it got her nowhere.她使出渾身解數(shù)討好老板，可一點(diǎn)兒用都沒有。lfa