1、Passive Voice一. 何時使用被動語態(tài) 1. 不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者或沒有必要 Paper is made from wood. He was wounded in the fight. 2. 需要強調動作的承受者時 Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. He was awarded first prize in that contest. 3為了使語氣婉轉，避免提及自己或對方而使用被動語 態(tài)，或由于修飾的需要，使用被動語態(tài)，使句子得以更好的安排。 The construction of the

2、new lab must be completed by the end of next month. Electricity is used to run machines. Discusion: the active voice 主動語態(tài) & the passive voice被動語態(tài)什么時候用主動語態(tài)或被動語態(tài)？主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的動詞結構是怎樣的？3. 主動語態(tài)句子變成被動語態(tài)句子哪三個部分要變？怎么變？ 語態(tài)動詞 時態(tài) 結構 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)一般現在時 一般過去時 什么時候用主動語態(tài)或被動語態(tài)？主語是動作的執(zhí)行者就用主動語態(tài)主語是動作的承受者就用被動語態(tài)We study Engli

3、sh at school.English is studied by us at school.我們用木頭做家具。 那只老鼠被貓抓住了 相機是用來照相的。 Discusion 1: the active voice 主動語態(tài) & the passive voice被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) 語態(tài)動詞 時態(tài) 結構 the active voicethe passive voice一般現在時 一般過去時 am is + p.p. are was + p.p. were v v+ s esp.t.Discusion 2: the active voice 主動語態(tài) & the passive

4、voice被動語態(tài)We call the doctor.People dont play football here.The truck was cleaned yesterday.Decide if these sentences are active or passive.Mr Chen teaches us English.The classroom was cleaned.activeactivepassiveactivepassiveExercise ：1.The key _for locking the classroom door. A.uses B. is used C.is

5、using D.use2.A new school _over there two years ago. A. built B. was built C. build D. builds3.The lost child _ on October 7,1998. A.was found B. is found C. found D. find4.A talk on Chinese history_in the school hall yesterday. A.is given B.give C.was given D. gave BBACDisscusion 3: the active voic

6、e 主動語態(tài) & the passive voice被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)句子變成被動語態(tài)句子哪三個部分要變？怎么變？1. 把原句的賓語改為主語。2. 把原句的謂語動詞改為被動語態(tài)結構( be + p.p.)。3. 把原句的主語改為by的賓語（用賓格）,可省略。e.g. She cleaned the room.The room was cleaned ( by her).1.They play basketball in their school.(改為被動語態(tài)) Basketball_ _in their school by them.is played2. The naughty boy br

7、oke the window. The window _ _ by the naughty boy.3. People speak English all over the world. English _ _ by people all over the world.Exercise ：was brokenis spokenExercise ：translate the following sentences這些照片是上星期拍的 。這本書是魯迅寫的。史密斯一家被邀請參加了派對。長江也叫揚子江。These photos were taken last week.This book was wr

8、itten by Lu Xun.The Smiths were invited to the party.The Changjiang River is also called theYangteze River.Summary：什么時候用主動語態(tài)或被動語態(tài)？主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的動詞結構是怎樣的？3. 主動語態(tài)句子變成被動語態(tài)句子哪三個部分要變？怎么變？ 語態(tài)動詞 時態(tài) 結構 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)一般現在時 一般過去時 1.I washed my clothes once a day. My clothes was washed (by me) once a day.I was washed m

9、y clothes once a day.X2.They took Jim to the hospital.3.Tom closed the shop just now.They was took Jim to the hospital.Jim was taken to the hospital by them.The shop closed Tom just now.The shop was closed (by Tom) just now.XX2 含有復合賓語的主動句，賓補不變。 （1） 將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，賓補不變。 They call her XiaoLi. She is called X

10、iaoLi. （2) make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice. H 既動詞后變做賓補的不定式一般不 加to,變?yōu)楸粍?必須加to . My brother often made me do this and that when I was young. I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young. I heard her move about in her room upstairslast night. She was heard to move abo

11、ut in her roomuptairs last night. Did you see Jack take away the magazine? Was Jack seen to take away the magazine? 3. 情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。是由情態(tài)V+be+ p.p.構成 They can not find him. He can not be found. You must pay me for this. I must be paid for this. 4. 有些動詞用主動形式表被動含義. The goods sells well. The door cant open

12、. 5.有些詞如want,need,require和 be worth后面 v-ing形式 為主動，意義為被動。 The room needs/wants/requires cleaning. The book is worth reading. 6.主動語態(tài)中的賓語是從句，變成被動時使 用形式替代 詞it. We know that Britain is an island country. Its known that Britain is an island country. 7. 據說類動詞： say, consider, think, report, know, believe,suggest, understand, hope, etc. 如：It is said that There is said to be Sth./Sb. is said to 8.主動形式表被動 感官動詞：sound,taste,smell,fell,look,seem等主語是物時； 一些vi主動形式表被動含義open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc. 不定式to