1、Im Nobody！Who are you?Emily Dickinson1830-1886 Emily Dickinson is a famous 19th century American poetess . Her idiosyncratic(不同尋常的), unprecedented expressive way of poetic image established her a high position as the first American modern poet.迪金森是19世紀(jì)美國(guó)著名女詩(shī)人，她極具個(gè)性特征，超前的詩(shī)歌意象表現(xiàn)手法確立了她作為美國(guó)第一個(gè)現(xiàn)代派詩(shī)人的崇高地位

2、。Brief comment：Introduction: Born in 1830 in Amherst(阿默斯特),Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson led a privilegedlife with a financially comfortable and well-respected family in a deeply Calvinist(加爾文主義的) New England community .The Dickinsons family hosted many important visitors , including the famed essa

3、yist and poet Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emily Dickinson had numerous correspondents and attended both Amherst Academy and Mount Holyoke Female Seminary (圣約克女子學(xué)院). For most of her life , the poet spent much of her time secluded(隱居的)within her familys home, writing pomes and helping to run the household. 人

4、生的56年極少離開(kāi)阿默斯特鎮(zhèn)，自23歲便幾乎完全閉門謝客，終身未嫁，可能是受到一次不開(kāi)心的愛(ài)情影響，但主要因?yàn)樽陨淼男愿窦跋肱c外界隔離的渴望。然而迪金森有極豐富的內(nèi)心世界，每天料理家務(wù)，愛(ài)好園藝，并通過(guò)書信與多位朋友保持聯(lián)系。Relationship:Family memberA prominent lawyer and politician( Representative to Congress)Same as their fathers careerBecame ill when Emily was 25Focus of attention and shows interest in Em

5、ily s poemsClose friend，though they share different nature“父親的真實(shí)人生常常與 我發(fā)生沖突。Grave and sternThe Homestead Emily Dickinson lived with her unmarried sister Lavinia in an elegant house called The Homestead(霍姆斯特德).Repainted HomesteadIntimate friend since childhoodA young lawyer who improved her literary

6、and cultural tastesInfluenced her ideas on religion “A friend, who taught me Immortality(永生). A married minister Intellectual challenge Contact with the outside world (Affection for him)Discuss her workIntelligent ,sympathetic criticClose friend, nearly 100 lettersEdit and publish the first volumes

7、of her poemsRelationship:MentorsDickinsons RoomIntroduction: As a woman poet , Dickinsonhas been portrayed as singular奇異的 and enigmatic and even eccentric , a young woman in white , in the Upper rooms of her home . Her poems speak most noticeably of “the Heaven of God , “the starkest Madness or the

8、“infinite rather than the worldly events. At the same time , Dickinson is widely acknowledged as an innovative pre-modernist poet as well as a rebellious and courageous woman. 迪金森的詩(shī)謎一般充滿奇思妙想，展現(xiàn)出非凡的創(chuàng)造力與想象力。她的作品受到17世紀(jì)英格蘭玄學(xué)派詩(shī)人的影響，同時(shí)帶有清教的家庭背景的烙印。雖然她不相信家庭的傳統(tǒng)宗教，但她研究了圣經(jīng)，許多詩(shī)歌在形式上也類似圣經(jīng)。她對(duì)破折號(hào)的熱愛(ài)，不規(guī)那么的韻律和韻腳，超乎

9、尋常的比喻使她當(dāng)之無(wú)愧地成為19世紀(jì)美國(guó)文壇最具創(chuàng)新意識(shí)的詩(shī)人。Her Diary: 烤面包，這件事是無(wú)中生有的過(guò)程，就像詩(shī)人寫出一首詩(shī)一樣，但它們之間又略有不同，因?yàn)槿绻业南胂罅μ^(guò)復(fù)雜，面團(tuán)可能會(huì)糊掉。 如果我在心中發(fā)現(xiàn)珍貴的意象，我就會(huì)將它們用手捏出來(lái)。 許多人都將生命托付給神，我卻將我的生命托付給詩(shī)。 我們的靈魂是否有更大的視野呢？我們是突發(fā)大火的一局部嗎？或者我們不過(guò)是這場(chǎng)火焰中，無(wú)助的目擊者罷了。 我的詩(shī)討論的是生命的本質(zhì)。可是一個(gè)人不可能平安地面對(duì)一首詩(shī)，像面對(duì)準(zhǔn)備好的晚餐，等著你的朋友到來(lái)一樣。靈魂唱的歌是無(wú)法預(yù)期的。突然的火焰是神圣的危險(xiǎn)，開(kāi)始與結(jié)束都是歡樂(lè)。 我必須努力完

10、成我的詩(shī)，要不然我會(huì)一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)慢慢消失。 我從未停止好奇，為什么我是我，而不是一只伯勞鳥？我們會(huì)活著就足夠令人驚訝的了。 1867-1868Her Diary: 我在房里的花園找到平靜。我的花是大自然的使者，伴隨著我的筆頭，一直到我的心，它們動(dòng)的更快了。 這屋子是這么安靜，以至于我的想法比平時(shí)更大聲。我翻開(kāi)自己的心，讓它逃到紙頁(yè)上。 但自然喜歡背叛。冬天從未準(zhǔn)備輕易地撤退，而陷阱又重新回來(lái)了。三月不可信任。星期五那天雪又回來(lái)了。 沒(méi)有一個(gè)舞臺(tái)能讓我飾演自己的戲，但思想本身就是自己的舞臺(tái)，也定義著自己的存在。 但是我有我的世界可以說(shuō)話，所以我用信件來(lái)表達(dá)自己的愛(ài)。我從不打算寄出去，就讓紙頁(yè)吸收我的

11、痛就好。 我不會(huì)有肉體的子嗣，但我有神圣的撫慰。上帝給了我一種不同的繁衍方式。我的小孩來(lái)自于我的心靈，我永遠(yuǎn)的子嗣，我靈魂的狂喜。我歡送這快樂(lè)的陣痛，讓詩(shī)與創(chuàng)造者別離。 1867-1868Do you think that a woman who just stayed at home , hardly ever saw anyone, and only published 7 poems during her lifetime could be a great poet and composed first-class poetry? Well, as a recluse poetess (

12、隱逸詩(shī)人), Emily Dickinson proved that the answer is yes. 1800 poemsThemesShe thought that poetry should be powerful and touching. The inspiration of the poet came from his inner world or intensity of his emotions and the past literary traditions and the noble heroes. Like Emerson, she thought that only

13、 the real poet could understand the world. Truth, virtue and beauty are all the one thing. The most dignified beauty was embodied by the active, affirmative dignity. Poetry should express ideas through concrete具體的，有形的 images. It was the poets duty to express abstract ideas through vivid and fresh im

14、agery. She was against the restriction of the traditional doctrines信條 and argued for the depiction of ones inner world.On PoetryThemesDickinson often brought dazzling originality to her topics.LifeLoveNatureDeath and MourningTime and EternityReligion and FaithIsolation and DepressionPoetry and Langu

15、ageThemesOn NatureDickinson observed nature closely and described it vividly but never with the feeling of being lost in it, or altogether part of it, nor was she surprised when its creatures also kept their distance. 狄金森的自然詩(shī)既表達(dá)著寧?kù)o，又是深邃觀察的產(chǎn)物。狄金森詩(shī)中的自然意象是詩(shī)人創(chuàng)作靈感的源泉，同時(shí)詩(shī)人也借自己的詩(shī)表達(dá)了對(duì)大自然的熱愛(ài)，對(duì)知識(shí)的追求和對(duì)打破世俗的渴望。

16、她的全部詩(shī)歌的創(chuàng)作幾乎都可以看作是她對(duì)“自然之迷的推敲和猜測(cè)。清教主義和超驗(yàn)主義是狄金森思想的兩塊基石，也是十九世紀(jì)的兩大思想主流。自然和人是上帝的創(chuàng)造物，自然的靈性是上帝所在的反映，超驗(yàn)主義繼承了清教的這一觀點(diǎn)，卻又對(duì)其加以改造，強(qiáng)調(diào)人要靠自己的直覺(jué)去與上帝交流，并認(rèn)識(shí)世界，這樣就強(qiáng)調(diào)了個(gè)體的重要性。On DeathShe wrote about nearly 600 poems on death. It reveals ultimate truth or reality . Death is personified in many guises in her poems, ranging

17、from a suitor to a tyrant. 在她的筆下，死亡是一個(gè)多面體，有時(shí)是一位彬彬有禮的紳士，有時(shí)是一位殘酷的暴君，有時(shí)是一次天堂中的旅行，有時(shí)是心靈與塵土的對(duì)話。狄金森筆下的死亡代表著痛苦，代表著歡樂(lè)，死亡是徹底的人魂俱滅，死亡也意味著永生，死亡并不是可怕的。狄金森詩(shī)歌的死亡意象表達(dá)了作者的生死觀，向人們提供了人死后的種種可能，激發(fā)了人們?nèi)ヌ剿鳌八劳龊汀坝篮氵@一莊嚴(yán)的主題。Her attitude toward immortality was contradictory. It is clear always that for Dickinson life and consc

18、iousness are inseparable. To be transmuted into grass or transcendentally made one with the ocean or the over-soul are as irrelevant and meaningless to this individualist as the idea would have been to her puritan ancestors. 獨(dú)特的宗教悖論觀迪金森探求靈魂在世間的永久棲息地，但由于感情的受挫，對(duì)清教徒教義的質(zhì)疑，她拒絕缽依基督教，因?yàn)樗幌霝榱艘粋€(gè)莫須有的天堂，同上帝做交易

19、，所以她的詩(shī)歌將現(xiàn)實(shí)的居所當(dāng)作她一個(gè)的天堂和樂(lè)園。但是這似乎給她的內(nèi)心帶來(lái)極大的折磨，堅(jiān)持自我成了她個(gè)人的戰(zhàn)斗。圣經(jīng)的故事、天堂和上帝的字眼頻頻出現(xiàn)在她的詩(shī)中，展現(xiàn)了她盡力的抵抗宗教的影響和她掙扎痛苦的心境。生活中她拒絕并從未進(jìn)入教堂，反對(duì)形式主義的宗教教義。On DeathHer poems run the gamut整個(gè)范圍 from renunciation拋棄，脫離關(guān)系 to professions of 表白love to sexual passion. Eg: Wild nights!Wild nights! Were I with thee 當(dāng)我和你在一起 Wild nights

20、 should be 這暴風(fēng)雨夜就是我們 Our luxury! 最大的奢侈！ On loveThe inner worldindividual consciousness Eg. I felt a funeral in my brain, And mourners, to and fro, Kept treading, treading, till it seemed That sense was breaking through. Hope is the thing with feather that perches(棲息) in the soul.Emily Dickinson希望是棲息

21、于靈魂中的一種會(huì)飛翔的東西。Best grief is tongueless .最深的悲傷是沉默。There is no frigate like a book, to take us lands. 沒(méi)有一條船能像一本書，使我們遠(yuǎn)離家園。 Beautiful wordsIm Nobody!Im Nobody! Who are you? Are you-Nobody-too? Then theres a pair of us! Dont tell! theyd banish us -you know! 我是無(wú)名之輩，你是誰(shuí)？ 你,也是,無(wú)名之輩？ 這就有了我們一對(duì)！可是別聲張！ 你知道，他們會(huì)大

22、肆張揚(yáng)！ Poems Apprehension Im Nobody!How dreary-to be-Somebody! How public-like a Frog- To tell your name-the livelong June To an admiring Bog! 做個(gè)，顯要人物，好不無(wú)聊！ 像個(gè)青蛙，向仰慕的泥沼 在整個(gè)六月，把個(gè)人的姓名 聒噪何等招搖！江楓譯 This poem is Dickinsons most famous and most defense of the kind of spiritual privacy she favored, implying t

23、hat to be a Nobody is a luxury incomprehensible to a dreary somebodyfor they are too busy keeping their names in circulation從事社交活動(dòng)中. The poems first stanza tells how the speaker meets a fellow “nobody a friend. Together, the two nobodies can enjoy each others company and their shared anonymity. In t

24、he second stanza, the tone of the poem changes. The speaker sounds confident. Perhaps it is her discovery that there are other people like her other nobodies- that makes her feels strongly that being a somebody isnt such a great idea. But to be somebody is not as fancy as it seems to be. I Died For Beauty But Was Sc