1、分詞作狀語(yǔ)怎樣區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)2022/7/191一：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)： 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示陪襯性的動(dòng)作或伴隨情況，如： The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. They stood there for an hour watching the game. She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.2022/7/192注意：a. 分詞表示的必須是主語(yǔ)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；b. 分詞表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）是同時(shí)發(fā)生的；c. 分詞表示的是比較次要的動(dòng)作，對(duì)謂

2、語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)加以說(shuō)明；d. 大部分放在謂語(yǔ)之后；e. 分詞有時(shí)可以與句子的其他部分用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示行為方式或手段（這類狀語(yǔ)可以放在句首，也可以放在句末，有時(shí)還可以放在句中。其他參考上述a-c），如： Following the guide, they started to climb. 2022/7/193 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示原因或理由，如： Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her.

3、 Being so poor in those days, we couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital.注：如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，則要用完成形式，如：Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.2022/7/194 現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（相當(dāng)于 when 引導(dǎo)的從句），如： Turning around, she saw a police car driving up. Hearing the news, they all j

4、umped with joy. Seeing those pictures, he couldnt help thinking of those days in Yanan. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter. Having lived in Berlin many years, he knew the city well.2022/7/195 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)還可以表示結(jié)果、條件和讓步，如： Her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five child

5、ren. (結(jié)果) The bus was held up by snowstorm, thus causing the delay. (結(jié)果) Working hard, you will succeed. (條件) Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the site. (條件) Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone. (讓步)2022/7/196二、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，可以修飾謂語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況，如： Buil

6、t in 1192, the bridge is over 700 years old. Led by the party, the people have improved their living conditions greatly. Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the room. The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.2022/7/197過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)表示原因（相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句），如： The children, exhaust

7、ed, fell asleep at once. He soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey. (= as he was exhausted)2022/7/198過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)可以表示時(shí)間（相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）和條件（相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句），如： United, we stand; divided, we fall. (=When / If we are united ) Heated, water changes into steam. (=When / If water is heated ) Seen from the hill, the

8、park looks very beautiful.2022/7/199 Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. 受到鄰居們的表?yè)P(yáng)，他成為父母的驕傲。（表示原因） Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看見(jiàn)，人們就忘不了。（表示時(shí)間） Given more time, Ill be able to do it better. 如果給予更多的時(shí)間，我能做得更好。（表示條件） 2022/7/1910Though told of the danger, he still

9、 risked his life to save the boy. 雖然被告之有危險(xiǎn)，他仍然冒生命危險(xiǎn)去救那個(gè)孩子。（表示讓步） Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充滿了希望與恐懼，他走進(jìn)山洞。 2022/7/1911現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)和句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致；現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作和句子的主語(yǔ)為主謂關(guān)系；過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作和句子的主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系;例如:1. Walking on the hill, she saw lots of wild plants she had never seen

10、.2.Written in simple English, his book is popular among children.(1)句，she walk為主謂關(guān)系；(2)句 write his book 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；2022/7/1912現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的判斷：一：分析法 即根據(jù)分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系來(lái)判斷，是主謂關(guān)系的就用doing;/having done; 是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的就用done/having been done 例如： Having wasted a lot of time, the boy realized he had to work hard at hi

11、s lessons. Having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it.2022/7/1913二：記憶法1.常用doing的情況：judging by/from.(根據(jù).來(lái)判斷)，generally/Frankly speaking,及形容詞化的現(xiàn)在分詞表示令人.的（句子的主語(yǔ)通常為某物）：discouraging, interesting, inviting, puzzling, astonishing, shocking, surprising, exciting, confusing, disappointing,.。

12、 Always confusing, the twins appearances were hard to tell apart.2022/7/19142.常用done 的情況：compared to/with, given.;及短語(yǔ) be seated, be dressed, be located, be situated, be lost( in), be engaged (in), be addicted to, be occupied with, be devoted to.作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，保留其過(guò)去分詞。Engaged in his business, the man has not r

13、eturned home for 3 weeks.2022/7/1915 Practice 1.The prisoner(罪犯),_ the guard and run away, was caught the next days. A killed B. killing C having killed D being killed by2. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless_ every day. A watered B watering C water D to water2022/7/19163. He is a studen

14、t at Oxford University,_ for a degree in computer science.A studied B studying C to have study D to be studying4.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,_ in the natural light during the day. A to let B letting C let D having let2022/7/19175. John received an invitati

15、on to dinner, and with his work_, he gladly accepted it.A finished B finishing C having finished D was finished.6. _in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A Having lost B Lost C Being lost D Losting2022/7/19187. Whether you believe it or not, it is _ tha

16、t cause you illness.A because of your overweight B you are so overweightC because you are overweihgt D your being overweight8. All flights_ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.A had been canceled B have been canceled C having been canceled D being canceled2022/7/19199. _ the old houses, they built a beautiful garden in that a