1、全新版大學英語第一冊第五單元講稿New College English (Book I)Unit 5 Work to Live or Live to Work Part I (1st-2nd period)I. Warm-up activities1. Give them discussion topics:1) What is your ideal profession,?2) Do you think it is easy to get a job after graduation? why?2. Present the students answers on the blackboard

2、. Then turn to text A to find out some effective ways of balancing work with life.II Background informationA. Ellen Goodman (1941 ) was born in Massachusetts and graduated from Radcliffe College. She worked for Newsweek and the Detroit Free Press before joining The Boston Globe in 1967. Her column “

3、At Large” has been widely syndicated since 1976. As an essayist and television commentator, Goodman has discussed feminism, changes in family life, sexual harassment, and male and female relationships. Her essays have been collected in several books, including Close to Home (1979), Turning Points (1

4、979) and At Large (1981). In 1980, Goodman received the Pulitzer Prize for Distinguished Commentary. Among other awards she has won are the American Society of Newspaper Editors Distinguished Writing Award and the Hubert H. Humphrey Civil Rights Award. The National Womens Political Caucus gave her t

5、he Presidents Award, and the Womens Research and Education Institute presented her with their American Woman Award. B. Workaholic If a person is a workaholic, hes got compulsive need to be driven to accomplish things. In the workdays, they just keep going, keep pushing themselves. And a lot of stres

6、s leads to many problems, anxieties and diseases. Part II(3t-4d period)Scanning Text A1. Go over the whole passage as quickly as possible, then answer the following questions for general understanding.1). Why did Phils wife hide her bitterness in face of the company president at the funeral?2). Why

7、is it very easy to identify Phil from a lineup?3). what did the company president do as soon as Phils funeral was over?4.) How come Phil became overweight?5.) How did the people who work for Phil feel about him?6.) When did Phil die? Why does the author repeat the time of his death?2. Text Organizat

8、ionPartsPara(s)Main Ideas113One of six vice-presidents, Phil worked himself to death. 246Phil completely tied up himself in work regardless of his health.3712A typical workaholic, Phil totally neglected those closest to him his wife and three children.41316Phils boss said one thing at the funeral an

9、d did quite another soon afterwards.3. Skill learning in writing and reading 1) Reading skill: Every time you read English passages, do read phrases and then you read more efficiently. Phrases can also be called sense group, are the basic unit of meaning. Do not read words one by one. You can begin

10、concentrating on small units of meaning. Day by day, you will always catch up with the meaning of the whole rather than the parts of a sentence. 2) Writing skill:It is the time to learn about drama-like writing. Ss learn to develop a paragraph by writing about a situation with some scripts in it. Th

11、is situation can be that a group of people disagree on something and they talk with each other and make a compromise at last. 4. Language PointsNew Wordsprecisely: adv.1. exactly; just- Planes fly daily over regular routes with timetable precisely. - Scientists do not yet know precisely how insects

12、can produce their toxic defensive chemicals without poisoning themselves.- Since his own ideas were in flux, it is difficult to know precisely where he stood.- 每輛卡車裝載的用品恰好是每個部隊所需要的。(Every lorry indeed is packed with precisely the articles which each unit will require.)2. quite so- So you think it wa

13、s a mistake? Precisely.acquaintance: n.1. a relationship with someone you know, but who is not a close friend- I have a nodding acquaintance with German.- Our mere acquaintance ripened into friendship. - 我與他素昧平生。 (I have never made his acquaintance.) - She recalled the past, trying to bring back to

14、her memory incidents of their old acquaintance.2. person whom one knows (less intimately than a friend)- She is an old acquaintance of my sister.- He has a wide circle of acquaintances.Collocation: make sb.s acquaintance結(jié)識某人drop an acquaintance斷絕往來have a casual acquaintance半生不熟renew an acquaintance重

15、建友誼CF: friend, mate, acquaintance & pal這些名詞都有“朋友”之意。friend 一般用詞，指某人喜愛并樂意與之相交往的人。例如：- Ive known her for years, but she was never a friend. (我認識她多年了，但成不了朋友。)acquaintance 指彼此相識，但交往不甚密切，相互間沒有深厚情感的人例如：- He is an old acquaintance of my father. (他是我父親的老相識。)pal口語用詞，指十分要好的朋友。例如：- Weve been pals since childho

16、od. (我們自兒時就是好朋友。)instantly:adv. at once; immediately- Instantly the blood crept warmly over her body. - His manly beauty and more than common gracefulness were instantly the theme of general admiration.-霎那間，迪克意識到他處境危險。(Instantly Dick awoke to the terrors of his position.)- Sometimes he instantly app

17、roved a proposal whose prospect seemed exceedingly bleak. workaholic: n. a person who likes to work too hard or is unable to stop working- He was a lifelong workaholic, who painted dawn to dusk seven days a week. - In America, it is generally believed that being a workaholic is unhealthy and harmful

18、.- A group of Japanese men hope to encourage workaholic husbands to head home early and show their wives some appreciation. N.B.:詞綴 aholic，-holic，-oholic 在某些詞后面表示“沉溺于，無法擺脫”的意思。如：shop-aholic，golf-aholic，tobaccoholic 等。classic:1. adj. Of the highest quality; having a value or position recognized and u

19、nquestioned- It is very interesting for a Chinese to read an English translated version of the Chinese classic novel The Dream of Red Mansions.- The 7-Eleven chain is the classic example of convenience store.2. n.1) writer, artist, book, etc. of the highest class- Charles Dickens is a classic.2) out

20、standing example of its kind- My watchband is a classic made in 1960 by Robinsons.- Hes hoping that tomorrows game will be a classic.day off: day on which one does not have to work - On my day off, Ill fix the tipsy fence.- It felt like a big sick joke when the company made us work on our day off.-

21、There were many Chinese workers on a day off, all looking cheerful and healthy. - 下次休假時，我再來看你。 (Ill come over to see you on my next day off.)conceivably:adv. imaginably; believably- According to some scientists, the disease could conceivably be transferred to humans.- She brought me a raincoat becau

22、se she thought it might conceivably be useful to me.- 他的話想來不會是他的原意。(He couldnt conceivably have meant what he said.)retire:v. (cause to) stop working at ones job, usu. because of age (followed by from)- Workers in China can all get a pension after they retire.- The school had to employ the retired t

23、eachers to give classes.- He will retire from his job next year and take things easy.spot:1. n.1) small round mark; dirty mark- Which has spots, the leopard or the tiger? - He tried to remove the spot on his sweater with soap and water.2) particular place or area- For many years, Spain was a favouri

24、te holiday spot. - When the fight started, police and reporters were soon on the spot. 2. vt.1) pick out ; recognize- We spotted a superstar in the crowd.- 走在街上，我看見了一個老朋友。(I spotted one of my old friends when I was walking on the streets.)2) mark with spots - She has two dogs, a yellow one and a spo

25、tted one.- She was wearing a white dress spotted with red.executive:1. adj. having the power to make and carry out decisions, esp. in business- He has been given full executive power. - The US Constitution vests the executive power in the President.- 美國總統(tǒng)是政府的行政首腦。(The President of the United States

26、is the executive head of the government.)2. n. person with administrative or managerial powers- Shes an executive in a computer company.- The executive has been making decisions about the future of the company.extracurricular:adj. outside the regular course of work or studies in school or college- S

27、ports and drama are the schools most popular extracurricular activities.- The school encourages students to have rich and colorful extracurricular life.- Extracurricular activities are an indispensable part of school life.Collocation:extracurricular activities 課外活動extracurricular athletics 課外體育活動ext

28、racurricular life 課余生活extracurricular pastime 業(yè)余消遣extracurricular books 課外書survive: v. continue to live or exist; live longer than; remain alive after- Will the Lunar New Year survive modern living and competing influences? - In order to survive and develop in the future, we must seize this rare opp

29、ortunity.- 這次地震中一家人都幸免于難, 真是九死一生。(It is a narrow escape that the whole family survive the earthquake.)CF: survive, continue, remain & last這些詞都是動詞，都含有“繼續(xù)存在”、“經(jīng)受住”的意思。survive 可作及物和不及物動詞，含有“幸免于難”、“平安度過”之意。continue為中性詞，且不帶任何感情色彩，指從開始到結(jié)束之間的任何延伸過程。remain 指人或物移去、分離或毀壞后仍留在原地。last 即“持續(xù)”、“經(jīng)受住”之意，特指某事物繼續(xù)存在，或最為

30、普通意義上的時間持續(xù)。Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.1. Ten of them survived the shipwreck. 2. Little of the building remained after the explosion. 3. She is fond of perfume with the scent that lasts a long time. 4. He continued reading when I spoke to him. 5. It is be

31、lieved that usually women survive men. marketable:adj. suitable for the demand of the market; that can be sold easily- This new type of camera is a highly marketable product.- College students should study to make them marketable when they finally get their degrees or diplomas.- Looking at the curre

32、nt economic gloom, I even resent myself for pursuing paper qualification blindly and ignoring a valuable and marketable skill. compete:vi. try to win sth. by defeating others who are trying to do the same- Athletes will compete against each other according to the knockout system.- John competed for

33、a place at school, but he didnt get in.- We must strive to fully equip ourselves to seize new opportunities and to compete successfully in the global market as we enter this new era.- 雖然只有四匹馬競爭，但比賽很精彩。(Although there were only four horses competing, it was an exciting race.)Pattern:compete against (

34、with)與競爭compete for為競爭compete in在中競爭beloved:1. adj. dearly loved- He never recovered from the death of his beloved daughter.- This man was beloved by / of all who knew him.- Every lover sees a thousand graces in the beloved object. (情人眼里出西施。)2. n. dearly loved person- I received a dozen roses from m

35、y beloved on my birthday. - He wrote a sonnet to his beloved.firm: n. a business company- No employees of the firm are allowed to anticipate their salary. - They demanded the divorce of the subsidiary from the parent firm.- 公司應按照同工同酬的原則進行分配。(The firm should distribute on the principle of equal pay f

36、or equal work.)- The director was careful not to lay the firms plans bare. (董事很注意不外露公司的計劃。)embarrass: vt. make (sb.) feel awkward or ashamed- Im so sorry to embarrass you in front of your friends.- He was very embarrassed to hear people speak so highly of him.- Eye contact may convey sincerity and a

37、ttentiveness in Western cultures, but too much eye contact may embarrass people in some oriental cultures.- 這是一個尷尬的局面, 但是他們成功地應付過去了。 (It was an embarrassing situation, but they carried it off well.)odd: adj.1. strange; unusual- We always meet in odd circumstances. - She gets odder as she grows older

38、.- Dont you think it odd that the famous pop singer should have committed suicide?2. separated from its pair or set- There was nothing but an odd shoe under the old mans bed.3. (of numbers) unable to be divided by two- 1, 3, 5 are odd numbers.CF: strange, odd, peculiar & eccentric這些形容詞均含有“奇怪的、奇異的、新奇

39、的”之意。strange 普通常用詞，含義廣泛，指陌生、新奇、奇怪或不自然的人或物。例如：- The doctor thought her strange behaviour was caused by stress. (醫(yī)生認為她那奇怪的舉止是由于緊張所致。)odd 通常指不規(guī)律、偶爾出現(xiàn)的人或事物，往往令人困惑或奇怪。例如：- He is rather an odd man. (他是個頗為古怪的人。)peculiar 常含有令人不快的“奇怪”、“奇異”之意；側(cè)重令人奇怪的或獨一無二的特性。例如：- This food has got a peculiar taste. (這食物味道怪異。)

40、eccentric 指偏離常規(guī)的怪異或怪癖。例如：- If you go to the party in slippers, you will be considered rather eccentric. (如果你穿著拖鞋出席舞會的話，人們會認為你有些古怪。)grab:1. v. take roughly, snatch eagerly - Since the late 15th century, Western colonialists started to grab and conquer colonies in a big way.- The boy grabbed at any ex

41、cuse to avoid doing dishes. - 他抓住了去美國的機會。 (He grabbed the chance to go to the US.)Collocation:grab a chance抓住機會grab a seat強占座位grab at sb. / sth. 試圖抓??；搶奪2. n. a sudden attempt to seize sth. - The boy made a grab at the frog, but it jumped away.- 他一把抓住柜臺上的錢。(He made a grab at the money on the counter.

42、)board: v.1. get into (a ship or public vehicle)- We decided spontaneously to board a train for Geneva.- Before boarding the plane, Jenny tried once more to call home.2. get or supply meals and lodging for payment- I have to board the dog out while Im away on business.- She arranged to board some st

43、udents from the universities. - 膳宿費一天要多少？(How much is boarding and lodging a day?)- My uncle is ready to cover my boarding and lodging as well as other living expenses.N.B. 形近詞比較：aboardprep. / adv.在（車、船、飛機）上abroad adv.在國外boardn.木板；vt.登上（船、飛機等）broad adj. 寬的，遼闊的；寬容的Put into each gap one of the above w

44、ords. 1. The job involves working abroad three months each year. 2. The minister has broad views and does not insist that everyone believe just as he does. 3. When everybody was on board, the ship sailed. 4. John has never been aboard a plane.decease: vi. diethe deceased: n. the dead person- The pro

45、perty should be inherited by the children of the deceased. - The deceased willed his vast estate to his daughters. - The goals and purposes for cloning range from making copies of those deceased to better engineering the offspring in humans and animals.look sb. in the eye: look directly and without

46、fear at someone who is near- There is a saying in English, “Dont trust anyone who wont look you in the eye.”- She knew he was lying because he couldnt look her in the eye.- 他是個有高度道德原則的人，無論對誰都可以問心無愧。 (He is a person of high moral principles, who can look anyone straight in the eye.)- They want to loo

47、k you in the eye to demonstrate interest in the discussion and to show that they are honest and sincere.bitterness: n. feelings of anger, sorrow, disappointment, etc.- This legendary man has endured almost all the bitterness of human life.- When you harbor bitterness, happiness will dock elsewhere.-

48、 叫苦連天(Ones cry for bitterness is heavenly high.) - 苦中作樂 (seek happiness from bitterness) - 憶苦思甜 (contrast past bitterness with present happiness) - 悲喜交集 (Happiness is dashed with bitterness.) straighten out:settle (sth.) by removing the confusions or difficulties in it; put right- You should straigh

49、ten out your confused thinking.- His business affairs are in a terrible mess; they will take ages to straighten out. - Through the reform, we intend to straighten out the relationship between the rule of law and the rule of man.finances:n. the amount of money owned by a person, government, or busine

50、ss- She refused to answer questions about her personal finances.- Im afraid my finances wont run to a holiday abroad this year.- 當然，這事是否能成功取決于你的經(jīng)濟狀況。(Whether it can be done or not depends, of course, on your finances.)Collocation:national / public / state finances國家財政high finance巨額融資an expert in fin

51、ance財政專家the Minister of Finance財政部長option:n.1. the right to buy or sell sth. in the future- With cash, stock options and the promise of vast resources, Microsoft has attracted faculty elites to its research center.- 瓊斯已取得那幢房子的買賣權。- Jones has taken an option on that house. 2. sth. you can choose to d

52、o- Analysts say that the launch of the euro offers a new and attractive option.- She has the option of entering graduate school or starting her professional career. - 機會總是留給有準備的人。 (There are various options open to someone who is well prepared.)CF: option, choice & alternative這些名詞均含有“選擇”之意。option著重特

53、別給予的選擇權，所選物常常相互排斥。choice側(cè)重指自由選擇的權利或特權。alternative指在相互排斥的兩者之間進行選擇，也可指在兩者以上中進行選擇。Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.1. Now you know all the facts, you can make an informed choice.2. There must be a(n) alternative to people sleeping on the streets.3. They didnt lea

54、ve him many options either he paid or theyd beat him up.4. Id prefer not to work but I dont have much choice.5. Im afraid I have no alternative but to ask you to leave.and all that: and similar things- He looked very smart, very gentlemanly, and all that.- Mary likes to eat fruit strawberries and al

55、l that.- 隨著年齡的增長，我逐漸遇到各種不良行為的誘惑，如吸毒、酗酒，凡此種種。(While growing up, I was surrounded with temptations to commit misdeeds like drugs, alcohol and all that.) - Our apartments are perfect in every detail hot and cold water, private baths, special hall service for every floor, elevators, and all that.pick ou

56、t:1. choose- She picked out a bottle of wine that she particularly liked.- Im going to pick out a few books for my friend in Shanghai.2. distinguish from surrounding persons, objects, etc.- At once I picked out my elder sister in the crowd.- 他的房子有一扇黑色的大門，很容易從其余的房子中區(qū)別出來。(His house is easily picked ou

57、t from the rest for it has a large black door.)- When walking in the company of other men, there must be one I can learn something from. I shall pick out his merits to follow and his shortcomings for reference to overcome my own.(三人行, 必有我?guī)熝?。擇其善者而從? 其不善者而改之。)Collocation:pick and steal扒竊pick out選擇pic

58、k up拾起pick up with在偶然機會認識discreetly:adv. carefully and sensibly; considerately; not too obviously- His utterances were discreetly academic.- A detective was sent discreetly to make inquiries about Miss Huttons financial situation.- The industrial areas were discreetly apart, concealed from residenti

59、al and recreational portions of the town.inquiry:n. request for help or information; investigation - I am making some inquiries about the train schedule.- I suggest that you make a careful inquiry into the damage once again.- I advise you make thorough inquiry about the enterprise before you embark

60、on it.Collocation:inquiry about請求幫助；詢問inquiry into調(diào)查；查究on inquiry經(jīng)打聽；經(jīng)詢問replacement: n. person or thing that replaces another- A good deal of old equipment needed junking and replacement.- Robot hands are a replacement for human hands, and wheels from a car are a replacement for human feet.- 凡本店售出的商