1、旅游地理學研究的 國際視野與國內(nèi)前沿 The Study of Geography of Tourism: abroad and in China 一、旅游地理學研究的國際視野1 研究角度的多元化多學科研究支持旅游社會學、旅游人類學休閑學Leisure Study經(jīng)濟學管理學大眾文化、傳播學 A. Geography of tourism abroada. Diversity in research perspectives interdisciplinarySociology of tourism, anthropology of tourismLeisure StudyEconomics

2、Management studies Pop culture, mess studies一、旅游地理學研究的國際視野2 純理論研究占重要地位 知識分子的第三方立場：中立、不為任何實利左右純粹的理論探索，不是為規(guī)劃服務，不是為經(jīng)營服務，很少以指導應用實踐為研究目的，但能夠為政策決策提供參考重視量化研究方法，但對量化方法的應用范圍與局限有清醒的認識 A. Geography of tourism abroadb. The important role of theory research the standpoint of the third party: neutral, not influen

3、ced by profit pure research not intended to serve the purpose of planning and management but can be the guideline for policy-makingan orientation to quantitative research, with an understanding to its scope of application 一、旅游地理學研究的國際視野3 強調(diào)人文精神和科學倫理 西方國家學者很重視哲學思想尤其是人文精神和科學倫理對自然科學和人文社會科學的指導作用例如“弱勢群體”

4、、“話語權”、“利益相關者”、“真實性”、“NGO”等等近年來頻繁應用于旅游研究中的新語匯A. Geography of tourism abroadc. An emphasis on humanity and scientific ethics Respect for philosophy, in particular for humanity and scientific ethics, is the guiding principle for natural science and human science.e.g.“the underprivileged groups”、“the r

5、ight of speech”、“stakeholder”、“authenticity”、“NGO”are expressions frequently used in tourism research一、旅游地理學研究的國際視野3 強調(diào)人文精神和科學倫理 較多體現(xiàn)“人本主義”思想，強調(diào)公平參與、環(huán)境倫理 強調(diào)科學倫理，對科學無法解決的問題和領域（例如旅游社區(qū)開發(fā)的價值判斷）有清醒認識A. Geography of tourism abroadc. An emphasis on humanity and scientific ethicsStressing equal opportunity

6、to participate, and environmental ethicsStressing scientific ethics，with an awareness to issues beyond a scientific solution（e.g. the evaluation of community tourism development一、旅游地理學研究的國際視野4 新的研究內(nèi)容不斷涌現(xiàn) 城市旅游事件旅游（包括：體育賽事與體育旅游、節(jié)事FSE旅游、會展旅游MICE與會議旅游MT）旅游目的地管理社區(qū)旅游、旅游與文化變遷、旅游中的跨文化交流、原始文化（原住民文化、遺產(chǎn)）保護A. G

7、eography of tourism abroadd. New research areas urban tourismevent tourism（including sports meets, sport-related trips, FSE, MICE and MT）destination managementCommunity tourism、tourism and cultural change、cross-communication in tourism、primitive cultural（the heritage of original inhabitants）preserva

8、tion一、旅游地理學研究的國際視野4 新的研究內(nèi)容不斷涌現(xiàn) 旅游環(huán)境與人地關系研究旅游風險與危機管理、旅游安全；太空旅游（Space Tourism）旅游技術、電子旅游（E化旅游）和虛擬Virtual旅游、GIS在旅游中的應用；A. Geography of tourism abroadd. New research areastourism environment and people-land relationshiprisks and crisis management of tourism, safety in tourismspace tourismtourism technolo

9、gy, E tourism and virtual tourism, GIS application in tourism二、中國旅游地理學研究的現(xiàn)狀 1 最大特點：旅游規(guī)劃實踐機會眾多，規(guī)劃帶來的正負效應并存正面效應：積累研究素材，擴大學科隊伍負面效應：為規(guī)劃而規(guī)劃，簡單的個案堆積，對研究的進步缺乏貢獻B. Status Quo of tourism research in China A. Major characteristic：plenty of practice in tourism planning, with both positive and negative effectsp

10、ositive effects：data collection，expansion of research teamnegative effects：planning for plannings sake, simple repetition of individual cases，with little contribution to research二、中國旅游地理學研究的現(xiàn)狀 2 最大挑戰(zhàn)：研究者隊伍建設研究對象、研究工具、研究者三個方面中，研究者的能動性最為突出，然而現(xiàn)在存在于研究者自身的問題也較為突出。 B. Status Quo of tourism research in Chi

11、nab. Major challenge：research teamAmong the three aspects of research objectives, research methods and researchers, there are some obvious problems with researchers. 二、中國旅游地理學研究的現(xiàn)狀 2 最大挑戰(zhàn)：研究者隊伍建設挑戰(zhàn)一：重新樹立研究觀念重新認識什么是旅游地理研究認清自己的研究狀態(tài) 研究目的、研究意義、研究倫理、 B. Status Quo of tourism research in Chinab. Major cha

12、llenge：research teamChallenge 1：establishing new concepts Re-defining tourism of geography researchknowing oneself as a research research objective, significance and ethics 二、中國旅游地理學研究的現(xiàn)狀 2 最大挑戰(zhàn)：研究者隊伍建設挑戰(zhàn)二：重新掌握研究方法定量研究定性研究解釋研究的水平亟待加強 二. Status Quo of tourism research in Chinab. Major challenge：resea

13、rch teamchallenge 2：re-learning research methodsQuantitative Qualitative The ability to interpret to be improves 二、中國旅游地理學研究的現(xiàn)狀 2 最大挑戰(zhàn)：研究者隊伍建設挑戰(zhàn)三：重新認識研究成果對成果價值的判斷力哪些成果可以與國際對話如何公允地看待國內(nèi)外研究差異（而不是僅僅是差距）的問題 對成果歸屬的法律意識和道德約束. Status Quo of tourism research in Chinab. Major challenge：research teamchallenge

14、3：re-evaluating research resultJudging the value of researchWhich kind of research meets the international standardHow to understand the difference in research between China and abroadLegal awareness for research result and ethics二、中國旅游地理學研究的現(xiàn)狀 3 后續(xù)工作的重點：人的培養(yǎng)研究隊伍的建設 由國家基金委出面不定期舉辦高級研討班以點代面，力求提高整個研究隊伍

15、的素質(zhì) . Status Quo of tourism research in Chinac. Direction for the future of tourism research：researcher training Advanced training class to be organized by the National Foundationworking towards improving the level of research teams國際會議的啟示 The implications of international conference 1999年，“城市旅游國際研討

16、會”，珠海 100人，其中10名外國代表1999，“International Conference on Urban Tourism”, Zhuhai2001年，“發(fā)展中國家旅游規(guī)劃與管理國際研討會”，桂林 130人，其中37名外國代表2001,“International Conference on Tourism Planning and Management in Developing Countries”, Guilin2003年，“事件旅游與旅游目的地管理國際研討會”，宜昌 108人，24名外國代表（報名50人，SARS影響）2003, “International Confere

17、nce on Event Tourism and Destination Management”, Yichan二、中國旅游地理學研究的現(xiàn)狀 4 研究趨勢：跨學科的全景式研究與新方向的個案式探索相結合 旅游現(xiàn)象涉及面廣、綜合性強，多學科、團隊合作研究勢在必行（以“告別三峽游”的研究為例）B. Status Quo of tourism research in Chinad. Research trend：the combination of interdisciplinary research and case studiesThe multi-facet phenomena of touri

18、sm call for collaboration among disciplines（e.g. the study on “Farewell to the Three Gorges”二、中國旅游地理學研究的現(xiàn)狀 開發(fā)價值評價可持續(xù)發(fā)展思想人文精神與科學倫理建設規(guī)劃體制與管理規(guī)劃市場分析與營銷產(chǎn)品設計資源開發(fā)規(guī)范化研究影響評價影響監(jiān)控與對策. Status Quo of tourism research in ChinaEvaluating tourism developmentConcept of sustainable developmentHumanity and scientific

19、ethicsConstruction planMechanism and management planningMarket analysis and promotionProduct design Resource developmentStandardized researchImpact studyImpact control and measures三、中國旅游地理學研究的前沿 1 旅游地理學理論的基礎研究與規(guī)范研究 旅游地理學的科學性基礎基礎理論規(guī)范研究 理論研究始終有其必要性（以生態(tài)旅游的基本理論為例）C. Research fronts in geography of touri

20、sm in China a. research on the theory of geography of tourism and standardized research the scientific foundation of tourism researchbasic theoriesstandardized research The all-time importance of theories（e.g. the theory of ecotourism）三、中國旅游地理學研究的前沿 2 旅游地理學理論的基礎研究與規(guī)范研究將當代新技術、新方法吸收到旅游地理研究中來，補充、改進維護自身

21、產(chǎn)生以來一直長期使用的傳統(tǒng)和經(jīng)典的研究方法；前者如計算機應用、“三S技術”(RS、GIS、GPS)、數(shù)學方法等，后者如野外考察、人工描述和資料記錄等從科學哲學的高度，注重方法的科學性，正確處理現(xiàn)象、資料、方法與思想四者的關系。C. Research fronts in geography of tourism in Chinab. research on the theory of geography of tourism and standardized research Applying new technology and new methods ( e.g. computer appl

22、ication, RS, GIS, GPS, Math. ) to complement and improve the traditional research methods ( e.g. field work, written description and documented materials ) tourism studies. adopting a scientific and philosophic attitude to the relationship among phenomena, materials, methods and ideology三、中國旅游地理學研究的

23、前沿 資料和數(shù)據(jù)的獲得方法理論的建立方法觀察實驗機遇轉(zhuǎn)移理想化模型數(shù)學模擬公理化假說方法思想現(xiàn)象資料C. Research fronts in geography of tourism in ChinaMaterials, and ways of obtaining dataWays of establishing theoriesobservationExperiment Opportunity transferidealizationmodelsmathimitationtheoriesmethodsideologyphenomenamaterials三、中國旅游地理學研究的前沿 3 旅游

24、與國民經(jīng)濟的關系研究 中國由旅游目的地國轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槁糜慰驮吹?、目的地兩種角色兼?zhèn)涞陌l(fā)展中國家，其國際旅游業(yè)對國民經(jīng)濟的影響特征如何中國旅游發(fā)展在總體上將呈現(xiàn)怎樣的階段性特征出境旅游（市場與行為）的發(fā)展對區(qū)域經(jīng)濟和地方經(jīng)濟的影響C. Research fronts in geography of tourism in Chinac. Research on the relationship between tourism and national economyChina is changing from a tourist destination to tourist origin and des

25、tination. What is the impacts of its international tourismWhat is the overall pattern in different stages of tourism developmentthe impact of outbound tourism（market and behavior）on the local and regional economy三、中國旅游地理學研究的前沿 3 旅游與國民經(jīng)濟的關系研究國際旅游者帶來的收益，相比于國內(nèi)旅游者而言，經(jīng)常得到地方政府和研究者的過高評價，而國內(nèi)旅游的重要性這幾年才開始得到重視

26、。國內(nèi)旅游市場發(fā)展趨勢研究C. Research fronts in geography of tourism in Chinac. Research on the relationship between tourism and national economyThe profit from international tourists, compared to that from domestic tourists, has been frequently overestimated by local governments as well as researchers. The impo

27、rtance of domestic travel has been recognized only recently. research on the trend of domestic market三、中國旅游地理學研究的前沿 4 旅游開發(fā)與人地關系研究西部的社區(qū)旅游與旅游影響旅游在就業(yè)、城市建設等方面對目的地的影響 C. Research fronts in geography of tourism in Chinad. Research on tourism development and men-land relationshipRegional development in western China and the impact of tourismThe impacts of tourism on destination in terms of employment, urban construction三、中國旅游地理學研究的前沿 5 旅游規(guī)劃研究旅游規(guī)劃理論的系統(tǒng)化旅游規(guī)劃的法制化可持續(xù)旅游思想的操作化（政策層面和技術層面） C