1、UNIT1UNIT1PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT單元主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)Achievemenl provides the only real pleasure in life.Thomas Edison 有所成就是人生唯一的真正樂(lè)趣。一托馬斯愛(ài)迪生話題導(dǎo)入提示：加黑局部為高考重點(diǎn)詞匯，需積累。畫(huà)線局部為高考寫(xiě)作常用佳句，需背誦。Only men had the opportunity to become astronauts in the United States for years.However, that changed in 1983.Sally Ride made hi

2、story by becoming the first American woman Io travel to space.Sally Ride became very interested in space when she was a little girl.At the age of 27, she got a doctor s degree.Sheshe read about NASA s call forastronauts.Over 8,000 people wanted to join in the space program, but only Sally and thirty

3、-four other people were accepted.After joining NASA in 1977, Sally Ride enjoyed flight training so much that flying became her favorite hobby.In 1983, Sally Ride became the first American woman to travel to space. There is no amusement on the Earth that even comes so close, “ she said.Ride returned

4、to space on the Challenger a second time in 1984.Between the two flights, she spent 343 hours in space.After that, she remained involved in the space program and also worked to share her love for science with kids.She co-authored six science books for children, and started her own science education

5、company. I realized how important it was for a woman to get over the difficulty and open the door for other women to be able to do the same exciting things that the men had been doing, “ Ride said.Since Ride s historic trip, over 40 other American women have traveled to space.They are all grateful t

6、o Ride for opening the door to the final frontier.佳句Sally Ride made history by becoming the first American woman totrayeltosoace. 分析畫(huà)線局部為不定式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。鏈才妾 She was always the last student to leave the classroom every day.（2020全國(guó)I,書(shū)面表達(dá)）She wasJookingJorjjob when she read about NASA s call for astronauts.

7、 分析 畫(huà)線局部為句型：be doing.when.o鏈接 I was picking an apple when a kind farmer came up to me.（2020全國(guó) II,書(shū)面表達(dá)）Reading and ThinkingComprehending課文預(yù)讀/原文呈現(xiàn)讀文清障釋疑2TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE6 October 2015Medicine has been awarded to Tu whose research led to the向 discovery of artemisinin , a crucial new treatm

8、ent for malaria1J.Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people.Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought

9、 to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1

10、967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.屠呦呦獲諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)2015年10月6日1 .今年的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī) 學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了屠呦呦（共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)撸?她的研究促使了青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)。這 是一種至關(guān)重要的治療瘧疾的新 療法。青蒿素挽救了數(shù)十萬(wàn)人的生 命，并改善了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的健康狀 況。全世界每年有超過(guò)2億人罹患

11、瘧疾，約60萬(wàn)人死于瘧疾。青蒿 素已成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部 分，據(jù)認(rèn)為僅在非洲一年就能挽救 10萬(wàn)人的生命。屠呦呦是一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心 的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30屠呦呦獲諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)2015年10月6日1 .今年的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī) 學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了屠呦呦（共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)撸?她的研究促使了青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)。這 是一種至關(guān)重要的治療瘧疾的新 療法。青蒿素挽救了數(shù)十萬(wàn)人的生 命，并改善了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的健康狀 況。全世界每年有超過(guò)2億人罹患 瘧疾，約60萬(wàn)人死于瘧疾。青蒿 素已成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部 分，據(jù)認(rèn)為僅在非洲一年就能挽救 10萬(wàn)人的生命。屠呦呦是一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心 的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日出 生于中

12、國(guó)寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北 京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。畢業(yè)后，她在北京 的中國(guó)中醫(yī)研究院工作。1967年, 中國(guó)政府組建了一支以探索治療 瘧疾新方法為目的的科學(xué)家隊(duì)伍， 屠呦呦是其中首批入選的研究人 員。2.在開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，屠呦呦去了 海南研究瘧疾患者，在那里瘧疾較 為普遍。1969年,她成為北京項(xiàng) 目的負(fù)責(zé)人，并決定復(fù)閱中國(guó)古代 醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)，尋找這種疾病的傳統(tǒng)植 物療法。她的團(tuán)隊(duì)查閱了 2 000多 本古老的醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)，并對(duì)280 000 種植物的藥用價(jià)值進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。在 他們的研究中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并測(cè)試了One medical text from the fourth century suggested usin

13、g the extract - from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu? s team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect.They then tried boiling fresh wormwood， and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either.Their project got stuck.However, Tu Youyou w

14、ould not acknowledge defeat .She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she f

15、ound a substance that worked.After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.This medicine

16、, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.380種不同的中國(guó)古代療法，這些 方法為抗擊瘧疾帶來(lái)了希望。一本四世紀(jì)的醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)推薦 使用青蒿提取物來(lái)治療發(fā)燒。屠呦 呦的團(tuán)隊(duì)測(cè)試了一批干青蒿，但沒(méi) 有發(fā)現(xiàn)效果。然后，他們?cè)囍研?鮮的青蒿煮沸，并用從中提取的液 體來(lái)治療瘧疾，但這也不起作用。 他們的工程陷入了困境。然而，屠 呦呦并不成認(rèn)失敗。她再次分析了 一遍醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)，偶然間，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了 一句話，建議用另一種方法來(lái)處理 青蒿。她得出結(jié)論，煮青蒿顯然破 壞了它的藥用價(jià)值。她用較低的溫 度提取提

17、取物，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種有效的 物質(zhì)。在失敗了 190屢次之后，這 個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)終于在1971年成功了。屠 呦呦和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持在 自己身上測(cè)試藥物，以確保它是安 全的。后來(lái)，這種藥物在瘧疾患者 身上進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，大局部受試患者 都康復(fù)了。這種被稱(chēng)為青蒿素的藥 物很快成為治療瘧疾的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)藥物。屠呦呦說(shuō)，青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是一 個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)努力的結(jié)果。一聽(tīng)到自己被 授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，她就說(shuō)：“這個(gè)榮 譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我。在我身后有一個(gè) 團(tuán)隊(duì)，還有我的國(guó)家的全體人民。 這一成功證明了中醫(yī)的巨大價(jià)值。 380種不同的中國(guó)古代療法，這些 方法為抗擊瘧疾帶來(lái)了希望。一本四世紀(jì)的醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)推薦 使用青蒿提取物來(lái)治療發(fā)燒。屠呦 呦的團(tuán)隊(duì)測(cè)試

18、了一批干青蒿，但沒(méi) 有發(fā)現(xiàn)效果。然后，他們?cè)囍研?鮮的青蒿煮沸，并用從中提取的液 體來(lái)治療瘧疾，但這也不起作用。 他們的工程陷入了困境。然而，屠 呦呦并不成認(rèn)失敗。她再次分析了 一遍醫(yī)藥文獻(xiàn)，偶然間，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了 一句話，建議用另一種方法來(lái)處理 青蒿。她得出結(jié)論，煮青蒿顯然破 壞了它的藥用價(jià)值。她用較低的溫 度提取提取物，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種有效的 物質(zhì)。在失敗了 190屢次之后，這 個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)終于在1971年成功了。屠 呦呦和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持在 自己身上測(cè)試藥物，以確保它是安 全的。后來(lái)，這種藥物在瘧疾患者 身上進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，大局部受試患者 都康復(fù)了。這種被稱(chēng)為青蒿素的藥 物很快成為治療瘧疾的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)藥物。屠

19、呦呦說(shuō)，青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是一 個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)努力的結(jié)果。一聽(tīng)到自己被 授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，她就說(shuō)：“這個(gè)榮 譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我。在我身后有一個(gè) 團(tuán)隊(duì)，還有我的國(guó)家的全體人民。 這一成功證明了中醫(yī)的巨大價(jià)值。 3中國(guó)的科學(xué)研究和中醫(yī)藥走向 世界，確實(shí)是一種榮譽(yù)。”artemisinin /1ci:timi:snin/藥U 青蒿素cruciakru:JI/ 的.至關(guān)重要的；關(guān)鍵性的malaria /malearia/ n. 瘧疾vitavaitl/M/.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的committed /ksmitid/M/.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的；commit /kamit/ ”.承諾；保證ui.忠于;全心全

20、意投入；commit oneself to do承諾；保證（做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等）academy /akaedami/ .（藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的）研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；專(zhuān)科院校；academic （aekJdemik/ 矽.學(xué)業(yè)的，學(xué)術(shù)的objective/sbdektiv/目標(biāo)；目的q次客觀的botanical /bataemkl/.植物學(xué)的evaluate /rvaeljueit/ .評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估property/propati/.性質(zhì)；特征；財(cái)產(chǎn)distinct/distirgkt/M.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的extract/ekstraekt/%提取物;摘錄；/kstraekt/提取;提煉;

21、摘錄；（用力）拔出wormwood /w3：mwod/ n. 蒿； 洋艾boil/boil/應(yīng).（使）沸騰;煮開(kāi)；燒開(kāi)n.沸騰;沸點(diǎn)liquid /likwid/ n.液體a力.液體的；液態(tài)的obtain/陽(yáng)tein/（尤指經(jīng)努力）獲得；贏得沅.（規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等）存在；流行acknowledge/oknDhd/s.成認(rèn)（屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等）；（公開(kāi)）感謝defeat /difiit/ n.失?。淮鞌　?擊?。粦?zhàn)勝analyse /aenalaiz/ .分析apparently /apaerantli/ 而.顯而易見(jiàn)；看來(lái)；顯然substance /sAbstans/ n.物質(zhì)；物品；事實(shí)根據(jù)insis

22、t /msist/ vi.&。九堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求；insist on堅(jiān)持要求scientific /.saiantifik/時(shí),科學(xué)（上）的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的語(yǔ)篇理解精讀演練萃取文本精華Step 1 Fast-readingI .Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.n .The main idea of the passage is that Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.Step 2 CarefuLreadingChoose the

23、 best answer.What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph?A. A great many people die from malaria every year.B The reason why Tu Youyou has won the Nobel Prize.C. Malaria has brought much harm to the people in Africa.D. Artemisinin is used to treat many kinds of diseases.K答案BWhich of

24、the following statements is NOT true?Tu Youyou was 85 when she was awarded the Nobel Prize.After failing many times, Tu s team finally succeeded in 1971.In Tu s opinion, the Nobel Prize belonged to the whole team.One text from the 4th century suggested using sweet wormwood to treat malaria.K答案XDWe c

25、an infer from the last paragraph that .A. Tu was not sure about the value of Chinese traditional medicineB Tu and her team had tested many times before they succeeded C Tu was modest and was proud of Chinese traditional medicine D. Tu was clever and determined while doing some research K答案I cWhat do

26、es the word “promise“ refer to in the second paragraph?A. Discovery.B. Possibility.C. Activity.D. Examination.K答案H BStep 3 PostreadingI .After reading the passage 9 please fill in the following blanks.The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou,1.whose research resulted in th

27、e discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.Tu Youyou, a 2 rnitted(comrnit) and patient scientist, graduated from Peking University Medical School at the age of 25.In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists 3.with the objective of discovering a new treatment for

28、malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers 4.chosen(choose). Two years later, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find 5.traditional(tradition) botanical treatments for the disease.One medical text from 6.the fourth centur

29、y suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu s team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect.Tu analysed the medical texts again, and found one sentence 7,suggesting(suggest) a different way to treat the wormwood.She concluded that boiling the sweet w

30、ormwood 8,apparently(apparent) destroyed its medical properties.9.Using(use) a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked.This medicine, which 10.was called(call) artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.II .Discuss with your partner and then answer

31、 the following questions.Do you know some other famous scientists making great discoveries?If you are eager to be a great scientist to make an important achievement, what will you do?Step 4 Sentence-learning. This year s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou(co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.K句式分析 U 本句是復(fù)合句，whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin 是定語(yǔ)從句， 修飾先行詞 Tu Youyou(co-winner)； a crucial new treatment for malaria 是 artemisinin 的同位語(yǔ)。K自主翻譯3今年的諾