1、 11/11Module12 Help模塊知識(shí)清單重點(diǎn)詞組Unit 1 What should we do before help arrives? 1. first aid 急救 2. good idea. 好主意3. medical help醫(yī)療救助4. at the bottom of在底部5. in pain處在疼痛中6. first of all首先7. find out查明8. make sure確保;確認(rèn)9. lift up抬起;提起10. coverwith 用蓋上11. medical training 醫(yī)療培訓(xùn)Unit 2 Stay away from windows an

2、d heavy furniture. 1. stay away from遠(yuǎn)離 2. in an earthquake在地震中3. warn sb about sth 警告某人關(guān)于某事4. during an earthquake 在地震期間5. jump out of從跳出6. keep clear of .遠(yuǎn)離.7. keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜8. move away from遠(yuǎn)離9. fall on sb 落在某人身上10. be careful of 小心.11. run away from 跑開(kāi).12. help do sth 幫助做13. in short總之Unit 3 Lang

3、uage in use 1. keep out 出去2. fall down 落下3. keep .warm 讓暖和4. because of由于5. get out of從出來(lái)6. call for help 尋求幫助7. on the beach 在海灘上8. be proud of 自豪9. learn about 學(xué)習(xí)中譯英:1. 急救_ 2. 醫(yī)療救助_3. 在底部_ 4. 處在疼痛中_5. 首先 _ 6. 確保;確認(rèn)_ 7. 用蓋上 _ 8. 遠(yuǎn)離_9. 好主意_ 10. 抬起;提起 _11. 在地震中_ 12. 警告某人關(guān)于某事13. 在地震期間 _ 14. 從跳出 _ 15.

4、保持鎮(zhèn)靜 _ 16. 小心. _ 17. 跑開(kāi). _ 18. 總之_ 19. 落下_ 20. 由于_21. 從出來(lái)_ 22. 尋求幫助_23. 在海灘上_ 24. 自豪_重點(diǎn)句型1. Lets imagine an accident.Let sb do sth. 讓某人做Lets go.Lets play a game.2. First of all, find out whats wrong with him. First of all 首先f(wàn)ind out查明 whats wrong with sb? .怎么了？/出.事了？= whats the matter with sb?3. But

5、 he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you.但是他有可能無(wú)法聽(tīng)到你或者和你說(shuō)話。have trouble doing /have trouble with sth 做有困難。 We never have any trouble getting the car started.發(fā)動(dòng)這輛車(chē)子我們從沒(méi)費(fèi)過(guò)勁兒。 Were having a lot of trouble with a new computer system新的電腦系統(tǒng)讓我們焦頭爛額。句中的could表示推測(cè)。如： You could be right.你可能是對(duì)的。 4.

6、 Make him comfortable. Make sb+ adj. 使某物是樣子的Make the room claen and tidy.5. Make sure hes warm.make sure的意思是“確保，保證”。如： Make sure you turn off all the lights before you go out.在出門(mén)之前一定要把所有的燈都關(guān)掉。 I think I locked the door, but Ill go hack and check, just to make sure.我覺(jué)得我鎖上門(mén) 了，但我還是要回去看看，確認(rèn)一下。 6. Thats

7、such good advice that you could be a doctor. 這個(gè)建議非常好，你都可以當(dāng)醫(yī)生了！such that+從句 . “如此以至于”such后面接名詞，名詞前可以有形容詞修飾。如果只有形容詞或副詞，則要使用so.that.這一句型。 It is such a tiny kitchen that only one person can cook in it.這個(gè)廚房很小，只能容下 一個(gè)人在里面做飯。 They are such nice people that we all like them.他們?nèi)撕芎?，我們都喜歡他們。 He urn so weak tha

8、t he could hardly stand up.他很虛弱，幾乎站不起來(lái)。 Everything happened so quickly that I hadnt time to think. 一切發(fā)生得太快 了，我都 沒(méi)有時(shí)間思考。 7. Earthquakes always happen suddenly, so it is difficult to warn people about them. 句中的 them 指的是 earthquakes。 warn sb. about sth. 意為“提醒/警告.注意”。The government warned travelers to A

9、frica about the disease there.Do not jump out of high buildings. jump out of 表示“從.跳出”。Please dont jump out of the window. 請(qǐng)別從窗子往外跳。 run out of 表示“從.跑出”。 climb out of 表示“從.爬出”。9. Keep calm, especially when you are with other people. keep 表示“保持”, calm 表示“冷靜，沉著”。 keep calm 是系動(dòng)詞 + 形容詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。其他的行為動(dòng)詞還能做系

10、動(dòng)詞的有：become, feel, look, seem 等。Everybody became quiet. He looked a little nervous. 10. In short, follow what you learnt in school. in short 的意思是“總之，簡(jiǎn)言之”。In short, I am interested in all of the sports. This book is, in short, an exciting story about adventures.11. Earthquakes always happen suddenly,

11、 so it is difficult to warn people about them.It is +adj + to do sth 做是.樣的Its difficult to learn English well.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語(yǔ)you常省略，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀降調(diào)。1. 肯定的祈使句（1）動(dòng)詞原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 請(qǐng)起立。（2）Be + adj. Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 當(dāng)心?。?）Lets

12、+ 動(dòng)詞原形 Lets go to school together. 咱們一起上學(xué)去吧。2. 否定的祈使句(1) Dont + 動(dòng)詞原形 Dont stand up. 別站起來(lái)。 Dont be careless. 別粗心。 Dont let them play with fire. 別讓他們玩火。（2）Lets ( let sb ) + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 Lets not say anything about it. 對(duì)于這件事，咱們什么也別說(shuō)。 Let them not play with fire. 別讓他們玩火。3. 祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句(1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句反問(wèn)部分用wil

13、l you 或wont you。 Please open the door, will/ wont you? 請(qǐng)把門(mén)打開(kāi)，好嗎？(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句反問(wèn)部分只用will you。 Dont be late again, will you? 別再遲到了，行不行？(3) 以lets開(kāi)頭的祈使句反意疑問(wèn)句反問(wèn)部分用shall we。 Lets turn on the TV, shall we? 我們把電視打開(kāi)，好嗎？ 只有以lets開(kāi)頭的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句的反問(wèn)部分才用shall we，而let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句的反問(wèn)部分應(yīng)為will you或wont you.如：Let u

14、s stay here, will/ wont you? 請(qǐng)（你）讓我們留在這好嗎？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should, need等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法：1can / could 1）表示能力，could主要指過(guò)去時(shí)間。Two eyes can see more than one.兩只眼比一只眼看得清。Could the girl read before she went to school?這女孩上學(xué)前能識(shí)字嗎？2）表示可能（理論上或是邏輯判斷上）。The temperature can fa

15、ll to 60, that is 60 below freezing.氣溫可降至60，也就是零下60。He cant (couldnt) have enough money for a new car.他不可能有足夠的錢(qián)買(mǎi)新車(chē)。You mustnt smoke while youre walking around in the wood. You could start a fire.在林子里走時(shí)勿吸煙，那樣可能會(huì)引起火災(zāi)。3）表示允許。Can I have a look at your new pen?我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？He asked whether he could take

16、the book out of the readingroom. 他問(wèn)他可不可以把書(shū)帶出閱覽室。4）表驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中。Where can (could) they have gone to?他們會(huì)去哪兒了呢？He cant (couldnt) be over sixty.他不可能超過(guò)六十歲。How can you be so careless?你怎么這么粗心？5）比較委婉客氣地提出問(wèn)題或陳述看法。Can (Could) you lend me a hand?幫我一把好嗎？Im afraid we couldnt give you an answer

17、today.恐怕我們今天不能給你答復(fù)。2may / might1）表允許，might可以指過(guò)去時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語(yǔ)氣更委婉。You may take whatever you like.你喜歡什么就拿什么。He told me that I might smoke in the room.他告訴我可以在房間里抽煙。May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby?我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？注意：在回答以may引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，多避免用這個(gè)詞，而用其它方式，以免顯得太嚴(yán)峻或不客氣。如：Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please do

18、nt ./ Youd better not. / No, you mustnt.等， 2）表可能（事實(shí)上）?？梢灾高^(guò)去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。He may be at home.他可能在家。She may not know about it.她可能不知道這件事。He was afraid they might not agree with him.他擔(dān)心他們可能不同意他的意見(jiàn)。They might be having a meeting, but Im not sure.他們有可能在開(kāi)會(huì)，不過(guò)我不肯定。3. must1）表示義務(wù)。意為“必須”（主觀意志）。We must do

19、 everything step by step.我們一切都必須循序漸進(jìn)地做。You mustnt talk to her like that.你不可能那樣對(duì)她說(shuō)話。-Must we hand in our exercisebooks now?我們現(xiàn)在就要交練習(xí)本嗎？-No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to.不必。（這種情況下，一般不用mustnt）2）表示揣測(cè)。意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。He must be ill. He looks so pale.他準(zhǔn)是病了。他的臉色蒼白。Shes wearing a diamond necklace

20、. She must have a lot of money.她戴著鉆石項(xiàng)鏈，一定很有錢(qián)。4. shall1）表征詢意見(jiàn)，用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句。Shall I get you some tea?我給你點(diǎn)茶好嗎？Shall the boy wait outside?讓那男孩在外面等嗎？What shall we do this evening?我們今晚做什么？2）表說(shuō)話人的意愿，有“命令、允諾、警告、決心”等意思，用于第二、第三人稱陳述句。You shall do as I say.按我說(shuō)的做。（命令）You shall have my answer tomorrow.你明天可以得到我的答復(fù)

21、。（允諾）He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他會(huì)后悔的，我告訴你。（警告）Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.什么也不能阻止我們執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。（決心）5. will1）表意愿，用于各種人稱陳述句。I will do anything for you.我愿為你做任何事。None is so blind as those who wont see.不愿看的人眼最瞎。If you will read the book, Ill lend it to you.如果你愿意讀這本書(shū)，

22、我會(huì)把它借給你。2）表請(qǐng)求，用于疑問(wèn)句。Will you close the window? Its a bit cold.請(qǐng)你把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？有點(diǎn)冷。Wont you drink some more coffee?再來(lái)一點(diǎn)咖啡好嗎？3）表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。Fish will die out of water.魚(yú)離開(kāi)水就不能活。The door wont open.這門(mén)打不開(kāi)。The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.那男孩常常坐在那里好幾個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)，看著車(chē)輛行人通過(guò)。6. should1）表義務(wù)。

23、意為“應(yīng)該”（某件事宜于做），用于各種人稱。You should be polite to your teachers.你對(duì)老師應(yīng)該有禮貌。You shouldnt waste any time.你不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。2）表推測(cè)，意為“想必一定、照說(shuō)應(yīng)該、估計(jì)”等。The film should be very good as it is starring firstclass actors.這部新電影是一流演員主演的，估計(jì)拍得很好。They should be home by now.照說(shuō)他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)到家了。7. would1）表意愿。They would not let him in be

24、cause he was poorly dressed.他們不讓他進(jìn)去因?yàn)樗轮婆f。I said I would do anything for you.我說(shuō)過(guò)我愿意為你做任何事。2）表委婉地提出請(qǐng)求、建議或看法。Would you like another glass of beer?再來(lái)杯啤酒好嗎？Would you mind cleaning the window?請(qǐng)把窗戶擦一下好嗎？They wouldnt have anything against it.他們不會(huì)有什么反對(duì)意見(jiàn)。2）表過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的一種傾向。Every time she was in trouble,

25、she would go to him for help.她每遇到麻煩都會(huì)向她求助。他告訴我盒子打不開(kāi)了。8. need need既可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。1) 用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。2）用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用于各種句式。1）、用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞-Need I come?-Yes, you must.-我需要來(lái)嗎？ -需要。You neednt telephone him now.你現(xiàn)在不必打電話給他。I dont think you need worry.我想你不必發(fā)愁。2）、用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞You dont need to do it yourself.你不必親自做這件事。

26、We need to tell them the news.我們需要把這消息告訴他們。The table needs painting (to be painted.).桌子需要油漆一下。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must/can/could 表示推測(cè)的用法1. can 可以表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的推測(cè)，意為“會(huì)，可能”。通常用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句。用于否定句時(shí)，cant 表示“不可能”；用于否定句時(shí)，can 比 could 表示的“可能性”更大。Who sent the present? Can it be your brother?It cant be my brother. He is still in France.2. could 也表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的推測(cè)，意為“會(huì)，可能”。could 可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句，表示某事有可能發(fā)生或可能是事實(shí)。He could be in