1、定語從句The Attributive Clause誰笑到最后誰笑得最好。結(jié)局好, 一切都好。真正的友誼猶如健康的身體, 失去時(shí)方知其可貴。ProverbsFriendship is like health, the value of which is seldom know until it is lost.All is well that end well.He who laughs last laughs best.定語修飾名詞或代詞的成分叫定語通常用形容詞或形容詞性短語來充當(dāng)a beautiful flowera tall boybeautifultall定語從句從廣義上來說就是將定語

2、與從句結(jié)合到一起標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義：修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句This is the best film that I have seen.the best film 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：My sister, who is twenty, works in a bank.The man who came here yesterday has come again.限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切， 寫時(shí)不用逗號分開。非限制性定語從句和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對先行詞作些附加說明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清

3、楚。這種從句， 寫時(shí)往往逗號分開。My wife who is in Shanghai will come back next week.My wife, who is in Shanghai, will come back next week.限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句形式上： 有逗號分開意思上： 去掉后無影響限制性定語從句形式上： 無逗號意思上： 不能省先行詞定語從句中定語所修飾的名詞或代詞This is the best film that I have seen.the best film 先行詞關(guān)系詞包含關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞作用：This is the best

4、 film that I have seen.that關(guān)系詞啥時(shí)用關(guān)系代詞啥時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞呀！ 選用關(guān)系詞，需要看兩點(diǎn)： 1.看先行詞 2. 看關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。做主語，賓語，定語，表語做狀語用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 that which who whom whose that即指人又指物, 作主語或賓語。which指物, 作主語或賓語。who, whom指人, who作主語, whom作賓語。that, which, whom在定語從句中作賓語時(shí), 可省去。 The man will succeed. He has a positive attitude.The man

5、 will succeed.who has a positive attitudewho 代替人 在定語從句中作主語或賓語練習(xí)：用定語從句連成一個(gè)句子The girl is a singer. (定)The girl is sitting in the corner.The girlis a singer.who is sitting in the cornerwho練習(xí)：用定語從句連成一個(gè)句子He is the man.(定)The man wants to speak to you.He is the man who wants to speak to you.who whom代替人在定語

6、從句中作賓語 作賓語時(shí)whom可以省略This is the person.(定)I talked to the person just now.This is the personwhom I talked to just now.This is the personto whom I talked just now.whomI have many friends.(定)I send postcards to my friends before their birthday. I have many friends whom I send postcards to before their

7、birthday. I have many friends to whom I send postcards before their birthday.練習(xí)：用定語從句連成一個(gè)句子whomwhowhich指代物,在定語從句中既可作主語也可作賓語作賓語時(shí)which可省略Thinking is the key.The key opens the doors of the world. Thinking is the keywhich opens the doors of the world. Dont expect people to do things.(定)You wouldnt do th

8、e things yourself.Dont expect people to do thingsyou wouldnt do yourself.whichwhich 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中的成分when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語where 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語why reason原因狀語when when可用in/on/at/during + which 代替I still remember the day.(定)I first met him on the day.I still remember the day on which I first met him.when

9、whichwhere where可用in/on/at/to + which代替The dictionary is the only place.(定)Success comes before work in the dictionary.The dictionary is the only place in which success comes before work.wherewhichABCAmerica is the country.I was born in the country.America is the country in which I was born.which.wh

10、ereBBCBeijing is the city in which I was born.where=American born Chinese=Beijing born Chinese關(guān)系代詞指代在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋锞渥又髡Z賓語定語口語表所屬關(guān)系whowhomwhichthatwhose as關(guān)系副詞指代所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞謜henwherewhytimeplacereason時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語on the top of the hillstalk to the studentlook after the baby先行詞在從句中作賓語時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞可省略Please fill in

11、the blanks, using the pronouns above.This is the baby_ I shall look after tomorrow. The student to _ you talked just now is a good football player.My family climbed up the hills on the top of _ we had a picnic before.He still lives in the room _ window faces to the east.(who/whom/that ) whomwhichwho

12、sethe rooms window5. He still lives in the room _ is in the north of the city.6. He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table.7. Ill never forget the days_ we studied together.8. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.9. Do you know the reason _ he did not come?10The boy _ mother i

13、s dead was brought up by his father.we spent the dayswe studied together during the daysthere is a beautiful table in the roomwhich/ that(that /which)why/for whichwhere/in whichwhen/ during whichwhosethe room is in the north圍繞高考來釋難1、Do you have anything _you want to say for yourself?2、This is the ve

14、ry book _Im looking for.3、This is the best _has been used against pollution.4、What is the first American film _you have seen?5、I know the things and persons_he referred to.6、Which is the bike_you lost?7、They secretly built up a small factory which produced things_could cause pollution只用that的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞

15、是不定代詞all much.little.something.everything.anything.nothing.none.the one時(shí)2.當(dāng)先行詞前面有only.any.few. little.no.all. very等詞修飾時(shí) 3.當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級或它的前面有形容詞最高級修飾時(shí) 4.當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或它前面有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)5.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)6.當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時(shí)7.有兩個(gè)定語從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which，另外一個(gè)宜用that反之，如果一個(gè)用that另一個(gè)用which只用which 不用that的情況引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)

16、This is the house in he once lived.先行詞是that或those時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用whichThat which you told him about is what we want to know高考鏈接My friend showed me round the town, _was very kind of him.A. which B. that C. where D. it 解析：A which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句which只能用who的情況1.先行詞one, ones, anyone, all, those指人時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞用whoAll_have studi

17、ed this question have come to the same conclusion.A. which B. who C. that D. whom2.在there be 句型中，先行詞指人時(shí)There is a young lady asks for you.Bwho3.從句中有兩個(gè)定語從句且都指人時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞一個(gè)用who 一個(gè)用thatThe student who was surprised is the monitor that is very modest(謙虛的)The boss in whose company my father worked is a very k

18、ind person. 關(guān)系代詞whose還可以在從句中 與它所修飾的詞一起作介詞賓語。Note2. 先行詞是人, 從句中缺動詞賓語或 介詞賓語時(shí), 用whom或that(介詞 后不用 that)。The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it. He is the student (whom, who, that) youwant to see.關(guān)系代詞that, which , whom 在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時(shí)則不可省略。1. The famous basketball

19、star, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who Key 解析: 本題考察定語從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇, 從句意可知先行詞the famous basketball star(著名的籃球明星)是人, 所以應(yīng)用 表示人的關(guān)聯(lián)詞who。真題解析D2. (2006 北京) Women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than

20、 those _ dont. A. who;/B. /; whoC. who; whoD. /;/ Key: C 解析: 本題考查兩個(gè)定語從句, 這兩個(gè) 定語從句都缺少主語, 在定語從句中, 如果是關(guān)系代詞做定語從句的主語, 關(guān)系代詞不能省略, 故答案選C。3. (2006 福建) Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. thatKey A解析: whose在定語從句中做roof的 定語, 用于修飾house.4. -Is that th

21、e small town you often refer to? -Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years. (2005 福建) A. that B. which C. where D. what Key C 解析: 從句中you know是插入語, 所以 用where引導(dǎo)表示地點(diǎn)的定語從句。11. Ive read all the books _ you gave me. 12. There is no difficulty _ cant be overcome in the world. 13.This is the

22、first thing _ I want to say.14. He keeps a record of everything _ he had seen there.15. The TV play I watched last night is the best one _ I have watched this year.(that)that(that)(that)(that)Now finish exercises 11-2016.Tell us about the people and the places _ are different from ours. 17. This is

23、the very thing _ I am after.18. Any person _ has the money can join the group. 19. Who is the person _ is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?20. Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth? that(that)that/whothatthat復(fù)習(xí)定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞：when, where, whywhen在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞（which）”。Ill nev

24、er forget the day when I joined the league.on whichwhere在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞（which）”。This is the house where I lived two years ago.in whichwhy在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞for+ 關(guān)系代詞（which）”。Do you know the reason why she was late.It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.He is the man_ house th

25、e pictures are taken. A. whose B.which C.from whose D.that2.He lives in the flat,_he can see_ is happen- ing in the street. A.there/what B.where/something C.from whose window/all that3.That was the most interesting film_I have seen. A. whose B.that C. which D.what4.Ahead of me I saw a woman_I thought was my aunt. A. who B. whom C. from whom D. of whom5.Watch the girl and her dog_are crossing the street. A. who B. which C. that D. theyCCBAC6. He is the very one of the students_ good at English. A. who does B.that is C.whom do D.which a