1、Unit 4 Life on MarsGrammar新課講解狀語從句和簡單句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換1. because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句用短語because of可轉(zhuǎn)換成簡單句。 He was late for school because it rained heavily.He was late for school because of the heavy rain.我們可以用介詞短語把狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡單句。新課講解2. if not/no引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句可借助without短語轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單句。Humans cannot survive if there is no food, water or

2、oxygen.Humans cannot survive without food, water or oxygen.新課講解3. 時間狀語從句可借助介詞短語轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單句。I could swim when I was eight years old.I could swim at the age of eight.He went home after he finished his work.He went home after finishing his work.新課講解4. so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可用“in order to”或“so as to”轉(zhuǎn)換為簡單句。 He dec

3、ided to buy a camera online so that she could receive it soon.She decided to buy a camera online in order to/ so as to receive it soon.新課講解5. sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句的可用“enough to do” 結(jié)構(gòu)變成簡單句。This hall is so large that it can hold 2000 people.This hall is large enough to hold 2000 people.新課講解1.Neil Armstrong

4、 took his first flight when he was only six. ( at the age of ) _.2.Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into outer space at the age of 27. ( when ) _.3.People might move to another planet in the future because the population on the earth is increasing rapidly. (because of ) _ _.Neil Armstrong too

5、k his first flight at the age of sixwhen he was 27Yuri Gagarin became the first man to go into outer spacePeople might move to another planet in the futurebecause of the rapid increase in population on the Earth新課講解4.It would be funny to play football on Mars because of the low gravity. (because) _

6、_.It would be funny to play football on Mars because the gravity is low 5.If there is no fresh food ,meals will not be as tasty as they are today. ( without) _ _.6.Without special boots , you cannot walk on Mars. ( if not ) _.Meals will not be as tasty as they are today without fresh foodYou cannot

7、walk on Mars if you do not wear special boots新課講解賓語從句和簡單句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換我們可以用介詞把狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡單句。The photos remind me that I travelled to the UK five years ago.The photos remind me of my trip to the UK five years ago.2. Are you certain that Tom is satisfied with the plan?Are you certain about Toms satisfaction with

8、 the plan?常用的一些動詞和介詞的搭配有：Remind somebody of. 使某人想起.Be sure/certain about 對確信新課講解What do many people think of the life by the year 2100?They believe _ by the year 2100.(that) we will live on the planet Mars新課講解Who will do most of the work on Mars?People think _ most of our work. And they are sure _ t

9、ime for their hobbies.(that) robots will do(that) they will have新課講解Usage 1Object clauses introduced by thatPeople think (that) robots will do most of our work.Many people believe (that) we will live on the planet Mars by the year 2100.Many people are sure (that) they will have more time for their h

10、obbies.From the sentences, we know (that) an object clause can be put after some _, such as think, believe, know, or after some _, such as sure, certain.verbsadjectives新課講解Many people believe (that) we will live on the planet Mars by the year 2100.(改為否定句)Which one is better?Many people dont believe

11、(that) we will live on the planet Mars by the year 2100.Many people believe (that) we will not live on the planet Mars by the year 2100.We always put not before think and believe.新課講解Try to find out whether it is an object clause or not.These plants will produce food and oxygen that we need to live

12、on Mars.Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars.People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the sp

13、eed of light.Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.oooNNN新課講解Can any plants grow on Mars now?We dont know/are wondering/are not sure _ on Mars.if/whether any plants can grow新課講解Many people are sure that some plants can produce enough water on mars, arent th

14、ey?No, nobody is sure _ on Mars or not. whether any plants can produce enough water新課講解Usage 2We dont know/are wondering if/whether any plants can grow on Mars.Nobody is sure whether any plants can produce enough water on Mars or not.From the two sentences, we know that we can use _ or _ to introduc

15、e an object clause when it expresses a yes/no question.ifwhetherWhen we see the word or, we can only use whether.新課講解Can any plants grow on Mars now?vSWe dont know/are wondering if/whether any plants can grow on Mars.SvWe use the same word order as in a statement.Correct the sentence：Is living on Ma

16、rs safe?After reading the book, Tom was wondering if is living on Mars safe?living on Mars was新課講解1.Are you aware how far Mars is away from the sun? Are you aware _ (distance)?2.Are scientists in agreement that living on Mars would be possible for humans in the future? Do scientists agree _ _ (possi

17、bility)?be aware of 知道 意識到agree with of the distance between Mars and the sunbe in agreement意見一致with the possibility of living on Mars for humans in the futureHelp Daniel know more about life on MarsHelp Daniel know more about life on Mars新課講解3.Do they think that the low gravity on Mars might be a p

18、roblem? Have they thought _ _ ( problem ) ?4.Are you aware what transport could be like on Mars? Are you aware _ ( transport )?think aboutbe aware of 知道 意識到about the problem of the low gravity on Marsof the transport on Mars新課講解5.I wonder how many people would like to move to Mars. I wonder _ _.( nu

19、mber)6.I think people should know that life on Mars would be different from that on the Earth. I think people should know _ _ ( differences). wonder about 想知道 / 對感到奇怪 wonder at 表示驚訝 wonder about 表示懷疑 Mars and that on the Earth the differences between life onnumber of people who would like to move to

20、 Mars about the新課講解定語從句和簡單句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換我們可以用介詞把定語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡單句。1. The girl who is in a hat is Lucy King.The girl in a hat is Lucy King.2. I prefer to stay in a hotel room which has a sea view.I prefer to stay in a hotel room with a sea view.新課講解3.On Mars you might see people who wear special boots. On Mars you

21、might see people in special boots.4.The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher. _The man in a blue shirt is our English teacher.新課講解C1 Simon is writing about Mars. Rewrite the defining relative clauses in simple sentences with the preposition with or in.1.Mars is a planet that has an envi

22、ronment similar to that of the Earth.2.Astronauts who wear space suits and helmets might stay on Mars for hours.3.It is difficult to breathe on a planet that has much thinner air than that on the Earth.4.On Mars there might be people who carry air tanks on their backs.with in with with新課講解C2 Simon i

23、s interested in stories about aliens. He even writes to aliens. Replace each of the underlined parts in his letter with another expression. Dear aliens, Humans are thinking about moving to another planet ( 1) because the pollution on the Earth is very serious. Many people do not doubt ( 2 )that life

24、 on Mars would be very interesting, but I am not sure. We could not play football on mars ( 3 ) because of the low gravity. Life would be boring because of the serious pollution on the Earth because the gravity is low about the interesting life on Marsdoubt about / of 懷疑新課講解 for me ( 4 ) if I could

25、not play football. Maybe this problem could be solved by building indoor playgrounds ( 5 ) which have the same football fields as those on the Earth. By the way,would strangers be welcome? I hope to hear from you soon.on the Earth. with the same football fields as thosewithout playing football 當堂小練

26、for me ( 4 ) if I could not play football. Maybe this problem could be solved by building indoor playgrounds ( 5 ) which have the same football fields as those on the Earth. By the way,would strangers be welcome? I hope to hear from you soon.on the Earth. with the same football fields as thosewithou

27、t playing football 當堂小練4. If there is no fresh food, meals will not be as tasty as they are today. (without)3. People might move to another planet in the future because the population on the Earth is increasing rapidly. (because of)People might move to another planet in the future because of the rapidly increasing population on the Earth. Without fresh food, meals will not be as tasty as they are today.當堂小練.Rewrite the sentences into simple sentences.1. Are you certain that Tom is satisfied wi