1、Unit3 Diverse CulturesDiscovering useful structures1. To understand the use of ellipsis in English2. To apply what we learn in this period to exercisesLearning aims 1:省略(Ellipsis)【情境探究】Lead-in 1:1. Look at the following sentences, and say which one is better ? why?Mike said that he would e to school

2、 to see me the next day, but he didnt come to school to see me the next day.Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didnt.避免重復,減少累贅EllipsisSorry to have kept you waiting.Seen the movie before?(Im) sorry to have kept you waiting.(Have you) seen the movie before?連接緊密，結構緊湊

3、強調重點，突出信息2. Add words which have been left out and rewrite the sentences.John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.- What did you do yesterday?- Just slept. Nothing else.John was the winner in 1994 and Bob (was the winner) in 1998.- (I) just slept. (I did) nothing else.定義 為了使語言簡潔或避免重復, 省略句子中的一個或幾個

4、句子成分, 這種語法現象稱為省略。按照省略的部分可分為句子成分的省略和詞的省略。結合上面的對話完成句子1. While _(iron) clothes, Miss Good a identally touched the iron. 2. Remove clothing using scissors _(如果有必要的話) unless it is stuck to the burn. ironingif necessaryGuiding Questions一、簡單句中的省略1. 省略主語 祈使句中主語通常省略(You) shut up.Sounds like a good idea.(It)

5、sounds like a good idea.點撥精講 :Shut up.2. 省略主謂或主謂語的一部分Got any ink?3. 省略賓語This way,please.（You e) this way, please.（Have you) got any ink?-Do you know Miss Gao?-I dont know (her).4.省略表語-Are you thirsty？-Yes, I am.Yes , I am (thirsty).1. 若主語或賓語相同，省略共同的主語或賓語。Tom picked up a book on the floor and (Tom) h

6、anded it to his teacher.Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.二、并列句中的省略2. 若主語不同，省略后面謂語部分相同的系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。3. 若主語與謂語動詞相同，則省略后面的主謂成分。His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry.He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt (have a knowled

7、ge of first aid).4. 若主語不同，但主要動詞及后續(xù)部分相同，則省略主要動詞及后續(xù)部分。1. 狀語從句的省略。Wood gives off much smoke while burning.三、復合句中的省略while (it is) burning.Whenever possible, they would stop him and ask him the three questions.Whenever (it is) possible,在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether,

8、unless, whenever等連接的狀語從句中，當從句主語與主句主語相同且謂語中含有系動詞be或從句的主語為it時，則從句主語和be動詞常被省略。 They dont use more water than it is necessary.He runs as fast as Bob runs.在than, as等引導的比較狀語從句中可以全部或部分省略。After half an hour, she became quieter than she had been.( ) ( ) ( ) 找出以下句子當中可以省略的部分。2. 定語從句的省略。The exact year (which/th

9、at) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.He is the man (whom) they assume to be extremely rich.在限制性定語從句中，作賓語用的關系代詞which, that, whom可以省略。（但whom, which緊跟在介詞后時不能省略）。The firm in which Dick worked has gone bankrupt.修飾way的關系詞that/in which可以省略。The way he speaks to us is really annoying.(i

10、n which)(that)(/)3. 賓語從句的省略。I truly believe that beauty es from within.He said that the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.及物動詞后接賓語從句時，連接詞that一般可以省略；但如果及物動詞接兩個或兩個以上that引導的賓語從句時，那么只有第一個that可以省略。( )( )I know that a movie star will e to our city but I dont know when he will co

11、me to our city. Please pass me one of these books, I dont care which you pass me.when, where, which, how和why引導的賓語從句有時可以僅保留引導詞。( ) ( ) 找出以下句子當中可以省略的部分。1. 動詞不定式的省略。You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to answer the question.四、其他省略情況當不定式在形容詞afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, rea

12、dy, willing等后作狀語時，to后的內容常省略。( ) We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.使役動詞，如make, let, have等和感官動詞，如see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作賓補的不定式須省略to，但若這些動詞用于被動語態(tài)，則to不省略。(被動語態(tài)) He likes to swim more than (to) skate.He believ

13、es it important to study rather than to make friends.并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符號to。但若兩個不定式之間表示對比關系時，則不能省略to。(比較) 當不定式在某些動詞后作賓語時，?？墒÷浴３Ｒ姷膭釉~有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, know, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish, would like等。 -Will you go with me?-Well, Id like to (go with you). - Have you ev

14、er been to the seaside?- No, we cant afford to (go to the seaside).All he could do was nothing but wait and see.We had no alternative but to wait.介詞but, except前有實義動詞do的某種形式時，后面的不定式不帶to。They didnt visit their parents as much as they ought to visit their parents.當不定式在be going to, be able to, have to,

15、ought to, used to后作復合謂語時，不定式可省略。( ) He didnt e, but he ought to have.-Are you a farmer? -No, but I used to be.( e) (a farmer) Attention：省略的不定式內容若含有作助動詞用的have或be的任何形式時，to后要保留原形的have或be。補全以下句子當中可以省略的部分。2.使用so, not等時的省略。在英語中，可以用so, not或其他方式來省略上文或問句中的一部分或整個句子。-Can you finish your work today?- (我認為能。)- (

16、我認為不能。)I think so. I dont think so./I think not Attention：hope, guess, be afraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用notso的形式。3.介詞的省略。一些與動詞、名詞或形容詞搭配的介詞常?？梢允÷?。常見的結構有:have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sthbe busy (in) doing sthspend some time (in) doing sthstop/prevent sb (from) doing sthThere is no sense/point (in) doi

17、ng sth課堂小結 2:Find the sentences in activity 1 in this unitand discuss the following questions in pairs.Why use ellipsis in sentences?What sentence elements are omitted? They are MexicanI love nachos, tooits the food of many different cultures,and they are all in one dish? There is a real mix of cult

18、ures here!Cant wait to go there！Clear meaning in the context, avoid repetition, make the structure more pact, make the focus more prominent.Subject, predicate, object.Rewrite these sentences and take out theunnecessary parts.1Youmeanyouareplanningatrip across the Atlantic for a holiday? It sounds li

19、ke a good idea.2Hetriedtosolvehisfinancialproblems,butcouldnt solve the problems.3If it isnecessary,Illfinishmyreporton Americanpoetryassoonas it ispossible.4Areyougoingtodresslikethat? Wearing a dress might be betterthanwearing jeansand boots.5Somewildmushroomsarepoisonous andsomearenot poisonous.6

20、Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbook andmyson likethat paper foldingbook,too.Rewrite the following sentences with ellipsis structure.When he was in America，he made many friends with students from different countries._，he made many friends with students from different countries.He wont attend the party ev

21、en if he is invited.He wont attend the party_Mistakes，if there are any，should be corrected.Mistakes，_，should be corrected.When in Americaeven if invitedif anyRewrite the following sentences with ellipsis structure.Shall we have a test tomorrow? I hope we wont have a test tomorrow. Shall we have a te

22、st tomorrow? _The book that he borrowed yesterday is well worth reading._ is well worth reading.I hope notThe book he borrowed yesterday1. Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired2. You and I could hardly work together, _? A. could you B. couldnt I C. couldnt we D. could we當堂檢測 10:3. Distinguished guests and friends, wel eto our school. _ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni（校友）from home