1、上海市中考英語英語任務型閱讀理解專題練習（附答案）一、英語任務型閱讀1閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的五個選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。每個選項只能用一次。Carefulandcarelessareasdifferentasfireandwater.Butitisstrangethatquiteafewscientistshaveboththesequalities（品質）.Theyarebothcarefulandcareless.OnceNewtoninvitedafriendtodinnerathome.Whentheywerereadytoeat,Newtonlefttogeta

2、bottleofwine（酒）.,Newtonstilldidntcomeback.AtlasthisfriendfoundNewtoninhislab.WhenNewtonwasgoingtogetthebottleofwine,hesuddenlyhadanewideaforhisexperiment.Sohequiteforgothisfriendandthedinner.Anothertime,Newtonwasleadingahorseupamountain,andheheldtherein（韁繩）inhishand.Whilehewaswalkingalong,hekeptthin

3、kingaboutproblems.,hefoundthatthehorsewasgone.Einsteinwasanotherexample.Whilewaiting,hebecamelostinthought.Itstartedtorain.Therainkeptonforsometime.Whenhetookoutapieceofpapertowritesomethingdown,thepaperwaswetandthenheknewthatitwasraining.,heagainforgothewasstandingintherain.Butafterheputthepaperint

4、ohispocketButafterhisfriendhadwaitedforalongtimeOncehewaswaitingforafriendatabridgeNewton,thefamousEnglishscientist,wassuchapersonWhenhegottothetopofthemountain【答案】D；B；E；C；A【解析】【分析】短文大意：從文中舉的兩個例子來看，作者是想說明許多像牛頓、愛因斯坦這樣的科學家都有細心和粗心的習慣許多科學家不關心如何生活。這是因為他們太專注于自己的研究的緣故。所給選項意思：Butafterheputthepaperintohispoc

5、ket但是在他把錢放在口袋后Butafterhisfriendhadwaitedforalongtime但是在他朋友等了很久后Oncehewaswaitingforafriendatabridge一次他在橋邊等一個朋友Newton,thefamousEnglishscientist,wassuchaperson牛頓，這個著名的英國科學家就是這樣一個人Whenhegottothetopofthemountain當他到達山頂時（1）根據(jù)上文Butitisstrangethatquiteafewscientistshaveboththesequalities（品質）.和下文講的是牛頓的故事，可知此處

6、提到科學家牛頓，故選Do（2）根據(jù)根據(jù)OnceNewtoninvitedafriendtodinnerathome.Whentheywerereadytoeat,Newtonlefttogetabottleofwine（酒）.Newtonstilldidntcomeback.可知在朋友們準備吃飯時，他去拿酒了但是等了很長時間牛頓還沒有回來，可知等了很久，還沒有回來，故選Bo（3）根據(jù)Anothertime,Newtonwasleadingahorseupamountain,andheheldtherein（韁繩）inhishand.Whilehewaswalkingalong,hekeptth

7、inkingaboutproblems.和hefoundthatthehorsewasgone.根據(jù)他牽著馬上山，他邊走邊考慮問題，所以當他到達山頂時發(fā)現(xiàn)馬不見了。故選E。（4）根據(jù)Whilewaiting,hebecamelostinthought.當他等待時他陷入了沉思。可知此處說他在某處等待某人，故選Co（5）根據(jù)Whenhetookoutapieceofpapertowritesomethingdown,thepaperwaswetandthenheknewthatitwasraining.當他拿出一張紙去寫下什么東西，這張紙濕了，然后他知道正在下雨，可知此處說的事和紙有關，根據(jù)hea

8、gainforgothewasstandingintherain.句式結構，可知此處缺少從句，故選Ao【點評】此題考查任務型閱讀理解。先弄清所給選項意思，然后閱讀短文，了解短文意思，根據(jù)上下文的聯(lián)系，確定文中所缺的成分，選擇合適的選項放在空格處，然后將短文翻譯一遍看是否通順，最后確定正確答案。2.根據(jù)短文理解，回答下列各題。CCTVreportedthateveryyearChinesepeoplethrowawayalotoffood;itcanfeed200millionpeopleforayear.Dowehavetoomuchfood?Ofcoursenot.Accordingtoth

9、eUNWorldFoodProgram,therewere925millionhungrypeoplearoundtheworldin2010.Sixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.Luckily,anumberofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsavingfood.LastNovember,LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinNanjing,lostherjobbecauseshetooksomeleftover（剩余的）foodhomeforherson.Manypeoplearebyhe

10、rsideandcriticized批評）thewastebehavior.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifetowastelessfood?Herearesometips:Dontordertoomuchfoodinarestaurant.Onlyorderasmuchasyouwanttoeat.Ifyoucannoteatallthefoodyouorder,taketherestofithome.Dontbetoopicky（挑剔的）aboutfood.Somefoodmaynottastegreat,butyourbodyneedsit.Dontkeeptoom

11、uchfoodathome,especiallyvegetablesandfruit.Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork（誰知盤中餐，粒粒皆辛苦）.”Ittellsuseverybodymustsavefood.（1）Howmanychildrendieofhungereveryyear?（2）WhydidLiHongloseherjob?（3）Whatshouldwedoifwecanteatallthefoodweorder?4）Canwekeeptoomuchfoodathome?5)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?答案】

12、(1)Sixmillion.2)Becauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson.3)Weshouldtaketherestofithome.（4）No,（Wecant）（5）Wemustsavefood.【解析】【分析】細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段Sixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.可知答案是Sixmillion。細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段LastNovember,LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinNanjing,lostherjobbecauseshetooksomeleftover（剩余的）fo

13、odhomeforherson.可知李紅被炒魷魚是因為她把剩飯帶回家給她兒子。所以答案是Becauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson。細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一條建議Ifyoucannoteatallthefoodyouorder,taketherestofithome.可知答案是Weshouldtaketherestofithome.細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三條建議Dontkeeptoomuchfoodathome,especiallyvegetablesandfruit.可知答案是No。主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段總結可知Wemustsavefood。【點評】任務型閱讀

14、的關鍵在看懂文章，然后根據(jù)題目要求作答，注意盡量用文章的語言填寫答案。3閱讀下面一段短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~每個空格只填一個單詞。CreatingastudyplanStudyingisimportanttostudents.Butitisalwaysdifficulttofindenoughtimetostudyeverysubjectyouneed.Soagoodplanhelpsyoutomakesureofyoursuccessinstudy.Then,howtomakeastudyplan?Well,youcanbeginwithlistinga

15、llthesubjectsyouneedtostudyandmakesurewhatyouneedtodoforeachsubject.Next,youshoulddecidehowmuchtimeyoushouldspendondifferentsubjects.Now,itisagoodideatostudyatthesametimeeveryday.Inthisway,youactuallyhaveaplanyoucanremembereasily.Whilearranging（安排）timeforeachsubject,youalsoneedtomakesurethatyoustill

16、havetimeforfamily,friendsandrest.Thisisbecauseyouwontbeabletosucceedinyourstudiesunlessyoubalanceyourpersonallifeandyourstudy.Oncetheplanismade,thenextthingyouneedtodoistofollowit.Oneofthebiggestchallengesinfollowingyourstudyplanisthatyouwillbetempted（誘惑）toavoiditanddosomethingrelaxing,orfuninstead.

17、Luckily,youcanfightthistemptationbytakingbreaks.Butbesurenottotakeextrabreaksortoolongbreaksasitcanaffectyourplan.Soatthestartofyourbreak，setanalarmclocktoremindyouwhenyourbreakisover.Also,youneedtouseyourbreakwisely.Forexample,goforashortwalk,eatasmallsnack,orlistentosomemusic.Toavoidforgettingtofo

18、llowyourplan,trytogetintothehabitoflookingatyourcalendareveryday.Sometimesourplansareherdtofollowbecausesomeimportantpeopleinourlivesdistract（使分心）usfromourgoals.Inordertoavoidthis,tellpeopleinyourlifeaboutyourplan.Putupacopyofyourstudyguideathomesoyouandyourfamilycanseeit,andemailacopytoyourfriendss

19、otheyknowwhenyouhavesparetime.CreatingastudyplanTheofastudyplanAgoodstudyplanisinachievingyoursuccessinstudy.MakeastudyplanMakeaofallthesubjectsyouneedtostudy.Decideonthetimeyouwilloneachsubject.Studyatthesametimeeveryday,oryouwillyourplan.Arrangetimeforotheractivitiesinordertoyourpersonallifeandyou

20、rstudy.thestudyplanFighttemptationbytakingbreaks;Setanalarmtoremindyourself;Useyourbreakinaway.Makeuseofyourcalendar:Putupyourplanwhereitcanbeeasily.Letyourfriendswhenyouarefree.【答案】importance；helpful；list；spend；forget；balance；Follow；wise；seen；know4閱讀下文并回答問題。InJinzhong,ShanxiProvince,thereisagroupof

21、peoplewhoarebusydrawingmapsaround.Theyarenotworkersongeography,butdispatchers（調度員）onEmergency（急救）Centerofthecity.Since2007,thedispatchersinthecenterhavebeendrawingmapsofthelocalareas.Adispatchersjobiscountedinseconds,saysLiangRuimei,adispatcherinthecenter.Shehasbeenworkinginthecentersinceitstartedin

22、2007.Wemustanswerthephonein3seconds,getclearinformationaboutthepatientin60secondsanddispatch（調度）emergencymedicalworkersin3minutesatmost.Ifwesaveonesecond,thepatientmayhaveabetterchancetolive.Althoughnowadaysthecenterhaselectronicmaps,thedispatchersstillwalkthroughthestreetstodrawmapsbyhand.Aftermany

23、yearshardwork,thedispatcherskeepeverybuildingandstreetofthecityinmind.Theyevenknowwhetherornotacarcanenterthegateofabuilding.Sometimesthecallercanttellclearlywhereheis,butitdoesntmatter.Aslongashedescribesthebuildingsaround,thedispatchercandispatchemergencymedicalworkerstohim.Wearetryingtobequickert

24、hanDeath,saysLiang.（1）IsLiangRuimeiadispatcherinEmergencyCenterofJinzhong?（2）WhendidEmergencyCenterofJinzhongstart?（3）TobequickerthanDeath,whatdothedispatchersinEmergencyCenterofJinzhongdo?（4）Doyouthinkitnecessaryfordispatcherstodrawmapsbyhandwhentheyhaveelectronicmaps?Whyorwhynot?【答案】（1）Yes,sheis.（

25、2）In2007.（3）Theyremembereverycornerofthecitythroughhand-mademaps,anddispatchemergencymedicalworkerstotherightplaceassoonaspossible.（4）Yes.Becausemapsbyhandshowsmallfactsofthecitymorecorrectlyandelectronicmapsmaynotworksometimes.No.Becauseelectronicmapsareeasiertouseandcanshowthelatestroadsituation.5

26、閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子。Friendsareanimportantpartofourlives.Wespendtimewiththem,havefuntogether,andshareouropinions,feelingsandevensecrets.Lifewouldbeboringwithoutfriends.Friendsinfluencewhoweare.helpuslearn,support（支持）usingoodandbadtimes,andcareforusevenwhenwearenothappy.Often.Wehavemanyhappymomentswitho

27、urfriends.Weneedsomeonetosharethingswithtomakethemmoreenjoyable.Beinglonelyforlongperiodsoftimeisnotagreatfeeling.Thatiswhyitisimportanttospendtimemakingfriendsandnurturing（維持）,aclosegroupoffriends.Itisimportanttohaveafriendtotalkto,whether（不論）itisaboutasadorhappysubject.Ingoodtimes,itiswonderfultob

28、eabletocelebratewithsomeone.Itisalsoimportanttohavesomeonesupportyouifyouhavejusthadanunpleasantexperience.Friendsarcimportantpillars（中心人物）ofsupport.Friendsteachusimportantlessons.Noonepersonisthesame.Astimegoesby,welearntorespectoneanothersdifferences.Thisacceptanceofothersdifferencesisimportantasw

29、emeetmoreandmorepeopleinourlives,suchasnewfamilymembers,neighboursandnewfriends.（1）Lifewithoutfriends.TOC o 1-5 h z（2）Beinglonelyforlongperiodsoftime.（3）Itisimportanttohaveafriendtotalkto,whether.（4）Youneedsomeonetosupportyouif.（5）Noonepersonisthesame,soweshould.【答案】（1）wouldbeboring（2）isnotagreatfee

30、ling（3）itisaboutasadandhappysubject（4）youhavehadanunpleasantexperience（5）（learnto）respectoneanothersdifferences6閱讀短文,然后按要求完成問題。HerearetwooldstoriesfromChinesehistory.TheChinesepeoplehavetoldthemformanyyears.OneisastoryaboutCaoCaosson,acleverboynamedCaoChong.Oneday,CaoCaogotahugeelephantfromSunQuanan

31、dhewantedtoknowtheweightofit.Becausetherewasntascalelargeenough,somesoldiersadvisedhimto（A）itup.ButCaoCaodidntwanttokilltheelephant.Justthen,CaoChongcameupwithagreatidea.Heaskedsomesoldierstoleadtheelephantontoabout.Astheheavyanimalwalkedontoit,theboatwentlowerintothewater.AfterCaoChongdrewalineonth

32、esideoftheboattomarkhowlowitwent,theelephantwastakenofftheboat.（B）Theboatwasfiledwithrocksuntilthewaterreachedthelineontheboat.CaoChongthenweighedtherocks.Therocksandtheelephantwereofthesameweight.（C曹操對他的兒子生常滿意。TheotherstoryisaboutawisemannamedZhugeLiang.Hewasaskedtomake100,000arrows（箭）within10days.

33、Hetold（D）hissoldierstofill20largeboatswithmanystrawmen.Intheearlymorningofthethirdday,thesoldierssaidtheboatstowardsthecampsofCaoCaosarmyontheothersideoftheriver.Theyshoutedandboattheirdrumsloud.WhenCaoCaossoldiersheardthesounds,theythoughttheywere（E）attack.However,theycouldnotseethroughthethicktogo

34、ntheriver.CaoCaoorderedhissoldierstoshootarrowstowardsthesoundsofthedrumsandtheshouting.ZhugeLianggotenougharrowsandthensailedbacksuccessfully.在文中(A)和(口的空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~(A)(C)將文中劃線部分(B)改寫為:Theboatwasrocks.將文中劃線部分(C)譯成英語：文中劃線部分(D)指代的是：從文中找出兩個歷史人物：【答案】(1)cut；under(2)full；of(3)CaoCaowas(very)happy/satisfied/

35、pleasedwithhisson.(4)ZhugeLiangsCaoCao/CaoChong/ZhugeLiang/SunQuan(任選兩個)7閱讀以上信息,用恰當?shù)脑~完成下面的表格,每空一詞。HaveyoueveraskedyourrelativesorfriendsifthereisWi-Fiintheirhouses?HaveyoueversearchedforWi-Fiwhenyouareatrestaurantsorhotels?TheanswerswillprobablybeYes.MostofuswantWi-Fieverywhereasifwecantlivewithouti

36、t.ButwecanonlyusefreeWi-Fiinsomepublicplaces.Westillhavetospendsomemoneyaccessing(連接)theInternetatmosttime.Herecomesapieceofgoodnews.Arich,powerfulorganizationintheUSAcalledtheMediaDevelopmentInvestmentFund(MDIF)hasdecidedtochangetheageofonlinecomputing(計算)completelybygivingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononE

37、arth.TheywillsenduphundredsofsatellitesintolowEarthorbit(軌道)in2015.Thisisbecausetheyhavemadeasurveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworldspopulationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.Andthisisalsobecausemanycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethenecessaryinfrastructure基礎設施)toaccesstheweb.Wecanexpecttousefr

38、eeWi-Fieverywhereinthenearfuture.FreeWi-FrPresentsituationofuswantWi-Fieverywhereasifwecantliveit.AccessingtheInternetussomemoney.WhattheorganizationwilldoMDIFhasmadeatosenduphundredsofsatellitesintolowEarthorbitin2015sothatforeveryonEarth,therewillbefreeWi-Fi.Only60%oftheworldshavebeenabletogetinfo

39、rmationontheInternet.Manycountriescantpeoplewiththenecessaryinfrastructuretoaccesstheweb.WhatwecanexpectFreeWi-Fiwilltheworldinthenearfuture.【答案】Most；without；costs；decision；person；available；Reasons/Causes；population；provide；cover【解析】【分析】這篇文章主要講了在大部分時間，我們?nèi)匀槐仨毣ㄙM些錢連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，在不久的將來，人們將能隨處使用無線網(wǎng)絡。根據(jù)第一段Mostof

40、uswantWi-Fieverywhereasifwecantlivewithoutit.可知填Most；without。根據(jù)第一段Westillhavetospendsomemoneyaccessing（連接）theInternetatmosttime.可知大部分時候我們?nèi)匀灰ㄥX連接網(wǎng)絡。spend的句型轉換為：sthcostsbmoney句型，故填costs。根據(jù)Arich,powerfulorganizationintheUSAcalledtheMediaDevelopmentInvestmentFund（MDIF）hasdecidedtochangetheageofonlinecom

41、puting（計算）completelybygivingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.可知在美國有一個叫MDIF的富有強大的組織決定通過給地球上每個人提供免費WIFI來徹底改變在線計算的時代?！币虼舜颂幍膆asmadea對應文中的hasdecided，故填decision。跟句同一句可知是給每一個人提供免費無線網(wǎng)絡，故填persono根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知我們將可以免費使用WiFi，也就是有免費的WiFi可獲得，故填available。根據(jù)Thisisbecause.可知在講述發(fā)射近地衛(wèi)星覆蓋免費WiFi的原因，故填Reasons根據(jù)only60%oftheworlds

42、populationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.可知填population。根據(jù)manycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethenecessaryinfrastructure（基礎設施）toaccesstheweb.可知許多國家不能提供必要的獲取網(wǎng)絡的基礎設施。空格后peoplewith.符合詞組providesbwithsth的句型，故填provide。根據(jù)最后一句WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthenearfuture.我們可以期待在不久的將來到處都有免費WiFi

43、，因此免費WiFi可以覆蓋世界所有的地方。故填cover?！军c評】任務型閱讀的關鍵在看懂文章，然后根據(jù)題目要求作答，注意盡量用文章的語言填寫答案。在文章中找不到答案時，要完全理解句子，根據(jù)同義詞，句型轉換的方式找到可以替換文章中的單詞，短語或者句子的詞。8根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,完成下面的表格。ThisweekweaskedstudentsatNewStarHighSchoolaboutthebestwaystolearnmoreEnglish.SomesaidtheylearntbyusingEnglish.Somestudentshadmorespecificsuggestions.LillianL

44、isaidthebestwaytolearnnewwordswasreadingEnglishmagazines.Shesaidthatsheneverstudiedgrammar.Shethoughtitwastooboring.WeiMingfeltdifferently.HehasbeenlearningEnglishforsixyearsandreallylovesit.Hethoughtstudyinggrammarwasagreatwaytolearnalanguage.HealsothoughtthatwatchingEnglishmovieswasagoodwaytowatch

45、theactorssaythewords.LiuChangsaidthatjoiningtheEnglishClubatschoolwasthebestwaytoimproveherEnglish.Studentsgotlotsofpracticeandtheyalsohadfun.StudentsTheirsuggestionsLillianLiEnglishmagazineswasthebestwaytolearnnewwords.WeiMinggrammarwasagreatwaytolearnalanguage.WatchingEnglishwasagoodwaytowatchthea

46、ctorssaythewordsLiuChangJoiningtheEnglishClubatschoolwasthebestwaytoherEnglish.【答案】specific；Reading；Studying；movies；improve【解析】【分析】本題談論學習英語的一些建議。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Somestudentshadmorespecificsuggestions.可知有些學生有更具體的建議。故填specific具體的。根據(jù)第二段第一句LillianLisaidthebestwaytolearnnewwordswasreadingEnglishmagazines.可知閱讀英語

47、雜志是學習生詞的最好方法。故填Reading。根據(jù)第三段Hethoughtstudyinggrammarwasagreatwaytolearnalanguage.可知學習語法是學語言的很好的方式，故填Studying。根據(jù)第三段HealsothoughtthatwatchingEnglishmovieswasagoodwaytowatchtheactorssaythewords.可知填movies。根據(jù)最后一段LiuChangsaidthatjoiningtheEnglishClubatschoolwasthebestwaytoimproveherEnglish.可知參加英語俱樂部是提高英語的

48、最好方法，故填improve?！军c評】任務型閱讀的關鍵在看懂文章，然后根據(jù)題目要求作答，注意盡量用文章的語言填寫答案。9根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下面的表格。DearKnow,Ineedsomeadviceonhowtomakefriends!Ihavejustmovedtoanewcity.Iam13.IdontknowanybodyhereandIwanttomakesomefriends.Whatsthebestway?WherecanImeetpeople?Yours,TonyDearTony,Therearelotsofthingsyoucando.First,youcanrideyourb

49、ikeinyourneighbourhoodandtrytofindsomekids.Whenyoufindsome,youcangoupandtalktothem.Youshouldalsoletyourparentsknowthatyouwanttomakefriendsbecausetheycanhelpyou.Maybeyoucanaskyourparentstotakeyoutothelibraryorsomeplaceswheretherearelotsofkids.Youcouldtryjoininganartclassorasportsclub.Theseareallgreat

50、waystomeetpeople.Youcanalsotrymakingfriendsatchurches（教堂）ifyougotochurchesonSundays.Trytobeactivewhereveryouare,butjustbeyourselfanddonttrysohard.Ittakestimeandpatience.Ihopeyouwillfindabestfriendsoon!Yours,KnowTonysproblem:Hedoesntknowhowtomake.KnowsadvicePlacestomeetotherkidsNeighbourhood,theandch

51、urches.ActivitiesJoinanartclassorasports.WaystobehaveTrytobe,butdonttrytoo.【答案】friends；library；club；active；hard【解析】【分析】根據(jù)第一段第一句丨needsomeadviceonhowtomakefriends!可知Tony不知道怎樣交朋友，故填friends。第二段Know提到了在neighbourhood騎自行車；跟父母去library；周日去教堂等孩子們多的地方可以交到朋友。故填library。根據(jù)第二段提到Youcouldtryjoininganartclassorasport

52、sclub.可知參加藝術課或運動俱樂部可以交到朋友。故填club。根據(jù)最后Trytobeactivewhereveryouare,butjustbeyourselfanddonttrysohard.可知Know建議Tony要積極，但是做真實的自己就好了，不要強求。故填active和hard、【點評】任務型閱讀的關鍵在看懂文章，然后根據(jù)題目要求作答，注意盡量用文章的語言填寫答案。10根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用短文中的符合語義及語法的詞填空，每空一詞.ChinaandWestencountriesmayhavedifferentideasaboutcertainanimals,butwhenitcomestopigs,wehavesomehowreachedanagre