1、Welcome To Our Class解題思路與技巧完形填空 完型填空 考查綜合運用語言的能力：詞語辨析能力語法結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力語篇理解能力邏輯推理能力文化背景透析能力作者意圖剖析能力生活常識綜合運用能力 近幾年高考完形填空題在命題設(shè)計上出現(xiàn)了重大突破，側(cè)重于考查我們的邏輯思維能力和對具體語境的把握，尤其是對整體語義的理解能力。它要求我們不但要有比較扎實的語言知識，較大的詞匯量，而且要具有一定的語篇分析能力及邏輯思維能力。當(dāng)然也要掌握一定的解題技巧。 做完形填空時要注意文章開頭提示句的點題作用和短文中完整句的啟示作用。首先要快速瀏覽上下文，弄清各段落之間，各層次之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，把握文章的整體概念

2、。具體來講，還應(yīng)注意以下幾個方面：1. 根據(jù)上下文語境來確定最佳選項，近年來的完形填空試題在選項的設(shè)置上越來越淡化語法結(jié)構(gòu)，重在文意的干擾，即把具體的語言知識溶進具體的語言情景中去，考查我們通過上下文的前后提示或暗示，對整體文意進行把握的能力。這種考查方式所占的比例較大，且難度也大，若單純從句子或個別段落來分析，或許所給的四個答案在語法和結(jié)構(gòu)上都是正確的，若放在全局，則不一定正確。因此，快速瀏覽全文，領(lǐng)悟文章主旨，通過上下文的語境來選擇答案是解決這類題的關(guān)鍵。例1： I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father

3、following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcase 3 down the stairs.1.A.helplessB.lazy C.anxious D.tired2.A.took B.mindedC.missed D. picked3.A.rolling B.passingC.dropping D. turningD. t

4、iredC. missedA. rolling2. 根據(jù)生活常識及文化背景知識進行邏輯推理NMET完形填空往往以自身的內(nèi)容提供完整的語篇信息，其間交織滲透著各類相關(guān)的文化背景知識和生活常識，考查考生靈活運用該方面知識的能力。解決這類題目，考生不僅要有廣博的知識、豐富的生活經(jīng)歷，還要能夠駕馭全文，不僅理解文章的表層意義，而且要弄清文章的深層意義。當(dāng)對語言的把握不很準(zhǔn)確時，可充分利用社會文化知識和生活常識來幫助判斷。例1： It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickl

5、y, heading towards their1 . This was the beginning of another 2 day in New York City.1.A.jobs B.homesC.buses D.offices2. A. working B. hot C. same D.ordinaryA. jobsD. ordinary3. 根據(jù)詞語的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配來選擇答案詞的固定搭配，特別是動詞的搭配在完形填空題中出現(xiàn)的比例也是比較大的，多數(shù)題目涉及到動詞的用法和各種搭配關(guān)系，這是由動詞在句子中的重要性決定的。動詞在搭配關(guān)系上與名詞、介詞、副詞的用法緊密相關(guān)。解決這類題目要

6、求考生多讀、多記，對所學(xué)習(xí)語或固定搭配牢固掌握，并能靈活運用。例1：（NMET1992）Mrs. Clark was 38 tea at the time.38. A. cookingB. makingC. burning D. servingB. making例2: The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smok

7、ing. It wasnt long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed3. A. ago B. after C. before D. nowC. havingB. struckC. before4. 根據(jù)詞匯的意義及用法辨析詞義從而確定答案完形填空題的考查雖然越來越淡化語法，但對語言點的考查依然存在，不過主要體現(xiàn)在詞匯搭配和語義辨析兩個方面。要做好這種題目，必須盡量將詞語辨析與情節(jié)推理和邏輯推

8、理結(jié)合起來，從詞匯意義入手，抓住情節(jié)線索解決問題。 例1：She noticed how nervous he was and suggested he should stand near the stage where he could watch and follow the play.It was a good 1 of getting rid of his nervousness, she said. She was right, it seemed to 2 . A. idea B. way C. path D. plan A. do B. win C. work D. actB.

9、wayC. work二、做完形填空題應(yīng)從以下方面入手（一）、瀏覽全文時要重點了解文中所敘述的人物、時間、地點、事件，即who，when, where，what。完形填空命題的原則一般是第一句話不挖空，目的是使讀者進入語境，因此一定要認真閱讀這句話。（二）、根據(jù)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展選詞，確定所填的詞與文中哪個詞有關(guān)系以及動作是在什么場合發(fā)生的。（三）、試填之后將所選定的詞放到文章中復(fù)讀檢查。(“字面譯、通邏輯、搞代入、全文譯”)1. 看清上下文，找準(zhǔn)定位詞充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用的詞或句。這些詞有時可能是同義詞或反義詞。例如：1)Some parts of the water

10、 are very shallow. But in some places it is very .A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous2)Mrs ONeill askedquestions and she didnt scold us either.A. no B. certain C. many D. moreA. deepA. no2. 邏輯通順，尋求搭配 注意固定的搭配，包括動詞與介詞的搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。例如：Heres a fellow who just walked into a ban

11、k and helped himselfso much money. A. for B. by C. to D. ofC. to3. 扎實基礎(chǔ)，弄清辨析Soon I heard alike that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shoutA. sound4. 看清執(zhí)行者，確定所選詞And video cameras can be used topeoples actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watchC. record5

12、. 尋求上下邏輯，從容確定關(guān)系It has been many years since I was last in LondonI still remember something that happened during that visit.A. and B. for C. but D. asC. but6. 了解生活常識，確定相關(guān)知識(Immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearestD. nearest 三、

13、解此類題主要從以下四步做起： 第一步 重視首句，把握開篇。完形填空一般無標(biāo)題，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息從此開始。細讀首句，可判斷文章體裁，預(yù)測全文大意和主旨。 第二步 迅速瀏覽上下文，掌握大意?？磿r要注意找出關(guān)鍵詞、中心詞，劃出某些代表人物和情節(jié)的詞，以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基礎(chǔ)上，邊閱讀，邊做題，這樣速度慢、準(zhǔn)確率低。 第三步 瞻前顧后，靈活答題。“瞻前顧后”，即先讀所填詞的句子，回顧上一句，兼顧下一句。如果一句中有兩個空白待填，在初定答案時要“雙管齊下”，在兩處同時試填，然后通讀全句，確定答案。答題方法：1）擇優(yōu)法：根據(jù)文章及結(jié)構(gòu)邊讀邊填，如果能夠立刻判定最

14、佳答案的，不必再去逐個考證其余答案。2）排除法：如答案一時難以確定，可按空格位置，從語法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語搭配、上下文語境、習(xí)慣用法、詞義辨析等方面，對選項逐項分析試填。排除干擾項，從而確定正確答案。 第四步 復(fù)核全文，調(diào)整答案。把填好的短文通讀一遍，進行核查同時注意以下三點： 1上下文的一致性：即時態(tài)語態(tài)的一致；代詞、名詞、單復(fù)數(shù)的一致。 2從語法和慣用法及習(xí)慣搭配、甚至語感入手，看是否符合上下文的邏輯。 3段與段、句與句之間的銜接是否連貫。 這次復(fù)核至關(guān)重要，常能糾正一兩處甚至多處錯誤。同時對極難確定的答案，也要憑語感任猜一個，決不可不選。一、語法This autumn was the wette

15、st since records began in the U.K. Floods _ large parts of the country.A. covered B. covered by C. covered with D. rushed awayA. covered二、連接詞They are some of the poorest people in a poverty stricken country. _ now they have an extra source of income (收入). A. But B. And C. However D. Therefore A. But

16、 English people seem very quiet _ reserved (緘默的), usually.though B. and C. even D. butIt was just getting dark; there was a touch of fog and I was on a lonely stretch of road. _ I was going along cheerfully. A. But B. And C. Otherwise D. SoB. andA. But三、前提示，后提示Young people are spending unbelievable

17、sums of money to listen to rock music. At least fifty _ stars have incomesbetween two million and six million dollars per year.A. film B. rock C. jazz D. movieOne evening Jackie was on his way home from the railway station. When he turned round a 1 he heard footsteps behind him and he thought 2 was

18、coming near. Hebegan to walk 3 . The footsteps became faster, too.He slowed down.The footsteps also 4 down.1. A. corner B. park C. street D. way 2. A. no one B. someone C. anyone D. everyone3. A.slowly B.more slowly C. fast D.faster 4. A. put B.slowed C.became D. turnedStudents generally appreciate ( 認可 ) these special 50 opportunities (機會) . They are almost always fun and interesting , and professors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.50. A. working B, living C. teaching