1、2022屆一輪復(fù)習(xí)人教版：必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement作業(yè)T.單句語法填空As a teacher, he is respected his good teaching.Do you care modern music?一No, I prefer classical music modern music.This sentence does not seem to connect the context.The audience(be) no less than five thousand in the stadium.The woman scientist

2、was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for those great (achieve) made by her.The international agreement, intended(encourage) children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February 27.He was unhappy because many people argued his plan.Youd better write down the phone number of

3、 that restaurant for future(refer).(observe), reason and experiment make up what we call the scientific method.All of the students in our school were by the speech given by Professor Li in Tsinghua University last October, (inspire)II.選詞填空crowd in; move off; devote to; carry on; lead a. . . life; re

4、fer to; look down upon; come across; by chance; work outHe decided to the rest of his life scientificstudy.On my way to the museum, I one of my teachers.It started to rain harder, but we gathered our courage and.he found the very book he was always looking for.many problems in the exercise book. She

5、 tried to sleep, but too many thoughts on her. The days when the Chinese were are gone forever. The patient normal and healthy followinghis doctors advice. The teacher in my last letter has gone abroad. The car before the boy had got into it.in.閱讀理解AFifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lec

6、ce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的)view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind,

7、and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要向我們描述了作者一次無奈拍攝到的一張被女人 干擾的照片，卻顯得尤為生動，也讓作者明白了共享的美麗?！窘馕觥窟xA。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my

8、view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view. 可知，當(dāng)作者要拍照時一個女人擋 住了她的視線。.【解析】選Bo細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view. 可知，這個女人可能是在欣賞風(fēng)景，放松自己。.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，現(xiàn)在當(dāng)我看它的時候，我認(rèn)為她在照 片里的出現(xiàn)使這張照片變得有趣。風(fēng)景本身就很美，但不知何故卻活了起來，呼吸了起來, 因為這位女士融入其

9、中。所以作者認(rèn)為，是照片中的女人的存在使照片如此生動。B【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了在1664年至1665年冬天，倫敦地區(qū)發(fā)生了瘟 疫，將近10萬人死于這場瘟疫。歷史學(xué)家A. Lloyd Moote和微生物學(xué)家Dorothy C. Moote 在?大瘟疫?這本書中記述了當(dāng)時人們是如何應(yīng)對這場瘟疫的。.【解析】選Bo推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句Outside the city wall, a woman was announced dead of a disease that was spreading in that area. 可矢口，場瘟疫正在逼近倫敦。25【解析】選Ao細(xì)

10、節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“The Mootes point out that, even at the height of the plague, . . . and commerce continued even as businesses shut down” 可矢口, 疫情期間, 倫 敦并沒有亂作一團(tuán)，仍然井然有序。.【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Based on humanity, the authors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabitants attacked by - and daringly

11、 resisting unimaginable horror. 可知，作者集中描述這九個人在疫情期間的活動是因為他們提供了 “人性的故事。.【解析】選Ao推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，主要介紹?大瘟疫?這本書的內(nèi)容，因 此作者的寫作目的應(yīng)該是介紹這本書。C【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了德國總理默克爾，她是個堅強(qiáng)的女性，也是個“鐵娘 子”。.【解析】選Bo推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句When asked why she has the picture, Merkel says, “She was a strong woman”. Many say the same of Merkel.可

12、知，默克爾也想做 凱瑟琳大帝那樣的堅強(qiáng)女性。.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，她先是在大學(xué)獲得博士學(xué)位，從事研究；然 后參加政黨；接下來擔(dān)任了環(huán)境部長;2005年擔(dān)任總理；最后參加歐盟峰會。.【解析】選 Ao 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Strength comes from composure and courage. Many people say I am a strong woman. But I would rather say I have perseverance, said Merkel.可知，她是很鎮(zhèn)定的，不會匆忙做決定。.【解析】選B。主旨大意題。閱讀全文，根據(jù)內(nèi)容可

13、知，介紹了德國總理默克爾，她是一 個堅強(qiáng)的女性，也是個“鐵娘子。所以,Germanys iron lady（德國的鐵娘子）是本文最正確標(biāo) 題。D【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。討論了關(guān)于人們?yōu)槭裁创蚬返膬蓚€理論，第一個是“氧 氣理論，第二個是“大腦冷卻理論。講清了一些關(guān)于打哈欠的其他有趣的事實。.【解析】選Co詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句“Scientists have different theories about why we yawn, but nobody has been able to prove them. 可知，科學(xué)家們對我們?yōu)槭裁创蚬酚?不同的理論，但是沒有人能夠證明這些

14、理論，所以them指的是“理論。33【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句However, these days more and more scientists are against the oxygen theory. 可知，現(xiàn)在很少有科學(xué)家相信氧氣理論了。.【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句When our brains are cooler, we can think more clearly. 可知，當(dāng)一個人的大腦變冷時，他會想得更清楚。.【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句If you see another person yawn, then you wi

15、ll be more likely to yawn, too. 可知，當(dāng)我們看到別人打哈欠時，我們也會打哈欠。IV【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了服用多種維生素可能讓人感到不適的幾種原因。.【解析】選 Co 根據(jù)下文小標(biāo)題 Youre taking vitamins on an empty stomach. Theres a lot of iron in your pill.和Allergic reaction side effects.可知從第二段到第五段都是分析讓人感到不 適的原因，故C項正確。.【解析】 選 Ao 根據(jù)下文 Vitamins are like medicines in

16、 that they can act on each other and other medicines you9re taking.可知本段講的是各種維生素之間以及維生素與其他藥物之間 相互作用，故A項正確。.【解析】選G。根據(jù)上文可知各種維生素之間以及維生素與其他藥物之間會相互作用；根 據(jù)下文可知當(dāng)雌激素水平高時服用多種維生素可能引起副作用。所以G項正確，請檢查一下 混合物，確保它們之間沒有有害的相互作用。.【解析】選E。根據(jù)上文可知鐵在空腹服用時吸收效果最好，但空腹服用會讓人惡心；根 據(jù)下文 It might decrease the absorption a little bit bu

17、t its better than nothing.這可能會吸收得 少一點，但是這樣比空腹好。由此判斷此處是講跟食物一起服用多種維生素。.【解析】選Do上文講的是輕微的過敏反響病癥；下文提到了較重的過敏反響病癥，所 以D項正確，如果你感受到了這些副作用，停止服用并聯(lián)系醫(yī)生。V【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了我本來打算將不再需要的血壓器賣掉，但后來我 把它送給了一對母女，我很快樂因為我把它送給了真正需要它的人。.【解析】選D。根據(jù)本句可知，我有高血壓，媽媽送我血壓器是讓我監(jiān)測血壓。keep保 存；keep away遠(yuǎn)離；keep up with趕上；ke叩track of記錄，跟蹤，符合語境

18、。.【解析】選B。在我二十歲出頭的年紀(jì)，這種情況本應(yīng)該使我震驚。interest使感興趣；shock 使震驚；relieve減輕；encourage鼓勵?！窘馕觥窟xC。根據(jù)本空后的from nameless anxiety and stress可知，我長期遭受難以名狀 的焦慮和壓力。prevent阻止；result產(chǎn)生；suffer遭受；separate別離。.【解析】選Ao根據(jù)本空后my blood pressure could finally be controlled可知，經(jīng)過十年 的努力，我的血壓終于得到了控制。struggle努力，斗爭；analysis分析；search搜尋；sum

19、mary 總結(jié)。.【解析】選 Bo 根據(jù)本空前的 Through lots of meditation, exercise, and diets 可知，在過 去幾年里，通過冥想、鍛煉和飲食，我慢慢從這種狀態(tài)中恢復(fù)過來。run跑；recover恢復(fù); learn 學(xué)會；remove 移除。.【解析】選Bo我很快樂我不再需要血壓器了。like喜歡；need需要；expect期望；imagine 想象。47【解析】選C。根據(jù)本空后的and doesnt need it可知，我媽媽很健康，不需要血壓器。weak 虛弱的;slim苗條的;healthy健康的；bad不好的。.【解析】選 A。根據(jù)本空后的

20、 a large amount of money on it when her was not the best可知，但我知道在她經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況不佳時，媽媽花了很多錢買這個血壓器。spend花費；cost花費 （物作主語）；waste浪費；throw扔。.【解析】選A。在她經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況不佳時，媽媽花了很多錢買這個血壓器。finance財政，資 金；experience 經(jīng)歷；idea 主意；thought 想法。50【解析】選C。上文說在她經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況不佳時，媽媽花了很多錢買這個血壓器，所以我決定 把它放到網(wǎng)上出售。show展覽;fun樂趣;sale出售;praise表揚。.【解析】選 B。根據(jù)本空后的 s

21、aying she wanted to buy it shortly after I posted it.可知,在 我發(fā)布出售信息后不久一位女士就回復(fù)我說她想買。ask問；respond回復(fù)；require要求；act 表演。.【解析】選Co我在咖啡店見到了這位女士和她媽媽，她倆的身體都不怎么好。contact 聯(lián)系；inspire鼓舞；meet見面；forgive原諒。.【解析】選D。根據(jù)木空后的from her wallet to pay me可知，她從錢包里拿出一些錢給 我。card卡片；paper紙；key鑰匙;cash現(xiàn)金。.【解析】選C。我突然覺得不能讓她付我錢。frighten使

22、害怕；benefit使受益；hit突然想 到（覺得）;attack攻擊。.【解析】選A。我手頭正好有一張微笑卡在錢包里，我把它塞進(jìn)包里，告訴她“拿著它。on hand在手邊；on duty值班；on leave休假中；on guard站崗。.【解析】選C。根據(jù)語境可知，我和她素不相識，卻要將血壓器白送給她，所以她感到很 困惑。annoyed惱怒的;worried擔(dān)憂的；confused困惑的；careful認(rèn)真的。.【解析】選B。根據(jù)語境可知，我的堅持讓她很感動。depressed沮喪的；touched感動的; sad傷心的;bored無聊的。.【解析】選D。根據(jù)本空后的內(nèi)容可知，雖然我沒有把

23、媽媽買血壓器的錢給媽媽，但是我 非常快樂我以這樣的方式回報了她把她的禮物送給可能是陌生人但卻真正需要它的人。 surprised驚訝的；anxious焦慮的；eager渴望的；delighted快樂的。.【解析】 選 A。 根據(jù)上文 Ten years ago, my mom gave me a fancy blood pressure monitor. 可知，血壓器是媽媽送給我的禮物。gift禮物;hope希望;collection募捐;desire心愿。.【解析】選Ao把她的禮物送給可能是陌生人但卻真正需要它的人。really真正地; differently 不同地；hardly 幾乎不；

24、gradually 逐漸地。VI.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。表達(dá)了西方第一位成為醫(yī)生的女性伊麗莎白布萊克威 爾的求學(xué)與工作經(jīng)歷。她不僅是西方第一位女性內(nèi)科醫(yī)生，創(chuàng)辦了自己的醫(yī)院，還為女性朋 友建立了第一所醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)校。.【解析】nineteentho考查序數(shù)詞。句意：在19世紀(jì)中期，對于女性來說那幾乎是不可 能的事情。某一個世紀(jì)是按照順序排序下來的，所以空格處應(yīng)使用序數(shù)詞。.【解析】admissiono考查名詞。句意：她給醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)校寫了很多信希望能夠被錄取，最終 她被費城一名醫(yī)生接受了?？崭裎挥趦蓚€介詞之間，所以應(yīng)用名詞形式。admit（成認(rèn)，準(zhǔn)許） 的名詞形式為admissiono.【解析】w

25、as accepted?？疾橐话氵^去時的被動語態(tài)。句子主語she與accept之間是被動 關(guān)系，所以使用被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)前文中的was, admitted等詞匯可知，本文對于伊麗莎白布萊 克威爾事跡的描述，使用的都是一般過去時，所以這句話也應(yīng)使用一般過去時。.【解析】determinedo考查形容詞。句意：她如此意志堅決，通過教書、上音樂課來獲得 她上學(xué)的費用?？崭裎挥赽e動詞was后作表語，所以空格處填形容詞。形容“某人意志堅決， 應(yīng)使用-ed形式的形容詞。.【解析】for?？疾榻樵~。“學(xué)費”表達(dá)錢的目的，所以使用介詞for（表示對象、用途等） 給，為了。.【解析】medicalo考查形容詞。

26、句意：1849年，從醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)校畢業(yè)后，她決定去巴黎深造。 空格位于介詞from后，名詞school前，所以使用形容詞。medicine（藥）的形容詞為medical（醫(yī) 療的），故填medical。.【解析】returningo考查動名詞作賓語。句意：返回美國后，她發(fā)現(xiàn)因為她是女性，開始 她的工作是很難的?？崭裎挥诮樵~upon后，并且return（返回）是動詞，所以應(yīng)使用動名詞作 賓語。.【解析】ito考查代詞。這里found后真正的賓語是不定式to start her own practice,所以 空格處應(yīng)使用人稱代詞it作形式賓語。.【解析】ao考查不定冠詞。句意：到1857年，伊麗莎白布

27、萊克威爾與她的姐姐以及另 外一名女醫(yī)生一起，開辦了一家新醫(yī)院，第一個專門為婦女和孩子開設(shè)的醫(yī)院。new hospital（新醫(yī)院）在文中第一次出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)使用不定冠詞修飾。new讀音以輔音音素開頭, 所以使用ao.【解析】being?？疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞。句意：另外，作為第一位女性內(nèi)科醫(yī)生，她建立了自己 的醫(yī)院，還為女性開辦了第一所醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)校。句子主語she與空格處單詞be之間是主動關(guān)系, 所以應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。VII.【參考范文】Song QinglingSong Qingling was born into a rich family in Shanghai in 1893, so she go

28、t a good education. And she also went to study in the USA.In 1915, she married Sun Yat-sen, who had a great influence on China. Later, she was made an honorary president of the Peoples Republic of China. She was kind-hearted and easy-going during her whole life. She concerned herself with the welfar

29、e of women and children in her later years and started the China Welfare Institute, which is intended to serve women and children now. She also led the All-China Womens Federation. Furthermore, she worked hard for civil rights, democracy and peace.She was a great woman and made great contributions t

30、o the welfare of women and children in China. I thought we all should learn from her.appreciate the view.Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one

31、 picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so pleased in her observation. I didnt want to mess with that.Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look a

32、t it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined it, now hangs on a wall in

33、 my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured（捕捉）and frozen on some strangers bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I dont even know has been immortalized（使 永存）.In some ways, she lives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each othe

34、rs5 spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only b

35、y a thin square of glass.What happened when the author was about to take a photo?A. A woman blocked her view.Her camera stopped working.C. Someone asked her to leave.D. A friend approached from behind.According to the author, the woman was probably.losing her patienceenjoying herselfwaiting for the

36、sunsetthinking about her pastIn the authors opinion, what makes the photo so alive?The rich color of the landscape.The perfect positioning of the camera.The soft sunlight that summer day.D. The womans existence in the photo.BIn the winter of 16641665, a bitter cold fell on London in the days before

37、Christmas. Above the city, an unusually bright comet （彗星）shot across the sky, exciting much prediction of a snow storm. Outside the city wall, a woman was announced dead of a disease that was spreading in that area. Her house was locked up and the phrase Lord Have Mercy On Us“ was painted on the doo

38、r in red.By the following Christmas, the virus that had killed the woman would go on to kill nearly 100, 000 people living in and around London - almost a third of those who did not flee.In TheGreatPlague （瘟疫），historian A. Lloyd Moote and microbiologist Dorothy C. Moote provide a deeply informed acc

39、ount of this plague year. Reading the book, readers are taken from the palaces of the citys wealthiest citizens to the poor areas where the vast majority of Londoners were living, and to the surrounding countryside with those who fled. The Mootes point out that, even at the height of the plague, the

40、 city did not fall into chaos. Doctors, nurses and the church staff remained in the city to care for the sick; city officials tried their best to fight the crisis with all the legal tools; and commerce continued even as businesses shut down.To describe life and death in and around London, the author

41、s focus on the experiences of nine individuals. Through their letters and diaries, the Mootes offer fresh descriptions of key issues in the history of the Great Plague: how different communities understood and experienced the disease; how medical, religious, and government bodies reacted; how well t

42、he social order held together; the economic and moral dilemmas people faced when debating whether to flee the city; and the nature of the material, social, and spiritual resources supporting those who remained. Based on humanity （人性）， the authors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabita

43、nts attacked byand daringly resistingunimaginable horror.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A comet always follows a storm.London was under an approaching threat.London was prepared for the disease.The woman was the beginning of the disease.What do the Mootes say about London during the Great Plague

44、?The city remained organized.The plague spared the rich areas.The people tried a lot in vain.The majority fled and thus survived.Why do the Mootes focus on the nine individuals?They were famous people in history.They all managed to survive the Plague.They provided vivid stories of humanity.They unit

45、ed by thinking and acting as one.Whats the purpose of this text?A. To introduce a new book.To correct a misunderstanding.To report a new research.D. To show respect to the authors.CIn the office of the German prime minister Angela Merkel, there is a picture of Catherine the Great, the legendary （傳奇的

46、）Russian Empress. When asked why she has the picture, Merkel says, She was a strong woman” . Many say the same of Merkel.The most powerful woman in the world, according to US Forbes magazine, was in China last week. She came to discuss trade and environmental issues with Chinas top leaders. Germanys

47、 first woman leader is known as a brave and practical statesman （政治家）.Even since her time at school, she had the habit of getting everything in order. Every day before doing her homework she would clean the desk and think about what to do next. I prefer a long time for full preparations to make my d

48、ecision. But once I decide, I will stand up for what I believe, Merkel said. Perhaps it was good habits that helped her do well in her studies. At 32, she got a doctor degree in physics and then she worked as a researcher.However, the life of a scholar couldnt put off her love of politics. While wor

49、king in labs, Merkel took time off to read political books and at last joined a political party. Her calmness helped her stand out in the party. She could always find a way out while others felt hopeless, said one of her old friends.In her first big political job as Minister for the Environment in 1

50、994, her scientific background proved very useful. In 2005 she became Germanys youngest prime minister since the second World War.Now half way through her four-year term, the 5 3-year-old woman has made a name for herself both in Germany and abroad. At the EU summit （歐盟峰會）in 2005 when France quarrel

51、ed with Britain over the EU budget, some people believed the EU was close to breaking down. But Merkel didnt give up. She shuttled （穿梭）between the heads of the two powers and had them reached an agreement.Strength comes from composure （鎮(zhèn)定）and courage. Many people say I am a strong woman. But I would

52、 rather say I have perseverance, said Merkel.Why does Merkel put a picture of Catherine the Great on the wall of her office?Because Catherine the Great is beautiful.Because Merkel wants to be a strong woman too.Because Merkel likes the drawing skill of it.Because it is very expensive.What is the cor

53、rect order of the following events?became the German Chancellor （總理）got a doctorate （博士學(xué)位）in physics and then she worked as a researcherjoined a political partytook part in the EU summitworked as Minister for the EnvironmentA. bcadeB. cbdaeC. bceadD. cbaedWhich statement is NOT true according to the

54、 passage?Merkel usually hurries to make a decision when facing difficulties.At the EU summit in 2005, the relationship between France and Britain was in tension.Merkel is a well-known leader all over the world.She is outstanding because of her calmness.What is the best title for the passage?An excel

55、lent lecturerGermanys iron ladyThe change of a scholarThe youngest chancellorDDo you know why people yawn （打哈欠）？ The most obvious answer is that we yawn because we are tired. But why does being tired make us yawn? How does yawning help us? The truth is that we dont know the answers to these question

56、s. Scientists have different theories about why we yawn, but nobody has been able to prove them.The first one is the “oxygen theory” . In the past, one of the most popular theories was that we yawn in order to take more oxygen. When we yawn we breathe more deeply. According to this theory, our brain

57、s make us yawn because we need more oxygen. However, these days more and more scientists are against the oxygen theory.The second one is the brain cooling“ theory. According to this theory, we yawn when our brains get too warm. Yawning makes our brains cooler again. When our brains are cooler, we ca

58、n think more clearly. Yawning can help keep us alert （警覺） This theory hasnt been proven yet, but many scientists think that it will be proven in the future.Here are a few other interesting facts about yawning. First, yawning is contagious （可傳染的）, If you see another person yawn, then you will be more

59、 likely to yawn, too. Second, we yawn even before we are born. Studies have shown that babies yawn while theyre still in their mothers stomach. They start to yawn after 24 weeks. Finally, we are more likely to yawn when were bored. Why is yawning contagious? Why do we yawn when were bored or tired?

60、The truth is that we dont have any answers to these questions, either.What does “them” refer to at the end of the first paragraph?A. Yawns.B. Scientists.C. Theories.D. Questions.What does the article say about the “oxygen theory ?Its the most recent theory.Few scientists believe it now.More and more