1、 landBook 4 Unit 2 Working thelandStudying aims:To broaden the studentsknowledge of farming by reviewing the vocabularies.To develop the ability of extensive reading and grasp the extensive reading skills.To arouse their sense of the global food safety.and learn to make short comments when surfing t

2、he internet.設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明：本節(jié)課要完成的三個(gè)目標(biāo)：知識(shí)目標(biāo)：通過(guò)學(xué)生對(duì)相同話題的拓展閱讀，了解教材之外的關(guān)于農(nóng)業(yè)的相關(guān)信息，同時(shí)對(duì)本單元的詞匯知識(shí)進(jìn)行有效的復(fù)習(xí)，達(dá)到熟悉并掌握本單元詞匯的運(yùn)用。能力目標(biāo)：通過(guò)課堂的限時(shí)泛讀訓(xùn)練，提高學(xué)生的話題閱讀量，并掌握一定的閱讀技巧，為以后的擴(kuò)大閱讀的能力提升進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，讓學(xué)生養(yǎng)成英語(yǔ)閱讀的好習(xí)慣。情感目標(biāo)：讓學(xué)生對(duì)早期狩獵到農(nóng)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)變和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的區(qū)域擴(kuò)大，同時(shí)聯(lián)系到現(xiàn)在生活關(guān)注的重要話題有機(jī)食物和全球食品安全話題。與學(xué)生生活聯(lián)系密切，是學(xué)生們熟悉的話題，可以讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行開(kāi)放性的討論和并能夠在英文網(wǎng)站上發(fā)表評(píng)論來(lái)表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。Studying pro

3、cedures:設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明：課堂導(dǎo)入非常重要，從一首反映世界饑餓的歌曲Poverty in Africa 開(kāi)始 , 學(xué)生在欣賞歌曲的同時(shí)，了解的到世界的饑餓話題，歌曲結(jié)束，開(kāi)始上課，然后從歌曲中的截圖了解饑餓，引入袁隆平解決了部分人的饑餓，最后到農(nóng)業(yè)這個(gè)話題。激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的了解的求知欲。閱讀下面的兩篇關(guān)于農(nóng)業(yè)的文章。I. Extensive reading設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明：在兩篇閱讀開(kāi)始閱讀前，及時(shí)給與學(xué)生進(jìn)行閱讀方法的指導(dǎo)和點(diǎn)撥。1. 泛讀習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng)。提高閱讀速度，通讀全文，把握文章主旨。2. 分類(lèi)處理詞匯。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，不影響文章大意的詞匯， 可以跳過(guò) ; 重要的頻繁出現(xiàn)的詞匯通過(guò)上下文猜測(cè)詞義，方能

4、對(duì)全文真正理解。3. 理解作者的意圖。重視 but, although, actually,in fact 等字眼，能讀出話中之話，找到真實(shí)信息。注意進(jìn)行限時(shí)訓(xùn)練，讓學(xué)生在訓(xùn)練中提高閱讀速度。養(yǎng)成好的泛讀閱讀習(xí)慣。閱讀題型的設(shè)計(jì)盡可能依據(jù)文章的特點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行多樣化的設(shè)計(jì)，如：回答問(wèn)題、猜詞、選擇、判斷正 誤、難句分析等等。AFrom Hunting to FarmingEarly people lived by hunting animals and gathering grains.After a tribe had lived in an area for some time, its foo

5、d supply would begin to reduce. Then the tribe had to move to new hunting grounds where there was more food.This way of life caused special problems for the tribes. Theywere forced to depend on luck, as well as on their hunting skills. If they could find no game, the whole tribe was in danger of sta

6、rving. And even when the huntershad good luck one day, they were not sure to find game the next time. The tribes moved often because much land was needed to support their people.Finally, people learned that they could grow their food. At first, the women of the tribes raised patches（ 小塊 土地）of wild g

7、rain. Later, people discovered that they could plant their own seeds. Farming slowly became a way of life.As people turned away from hunting to farming, their life changed. When thefood supply became more constant, they no longer moved fromplace to place.The success of their crops depended partly on

8、 the weather, but there were also things they could do to help crops grow.In the past, a tribe had to travel many miles for food. Now only a small amount of land was necessary to feed the whole tribe. The tribe could grow in size because farming provided a way to feed people.What were they forced to

9、 depend on for the tribes ?Why did the early tribes move so often?What sthe meaning of the underlined word game in the second paragraph?A.游又B.（比賽等）一場(chǎng)、一局 C.獵物（指獸、鳥(niǎo)、魚(yú)等） D.花招The main idea of the passage is .A. how farming became a way of life B. why early people had to travel oftenC. how the ancient pe

10、ople grew cropsD. how the ancient people huntedBTo increase profits（ 利 潤(rùn) ）, some farmers change what they grow. But some farmers in the American Midwest are changing where they grow.The Midwest is the traditional center of American agriculture. Yet some farmers from Iowa have recently made news by m

11、oving to Brazil. And not only from Iowa, it seems. Why such a big move?In Brazil, undeveloped land can cost two hundred forty dollars a hectare（ 公頃） , or less. That is a little more than one-tenth the cost of land in the Midwest.Some of the farmers see low-cost land in Brazil as a way to expand thei

12、r operations. And it may serve other purposes. It may help keep farming in the family, by letting other family members have their own farm.Crops like soybeans and cotton grow well in Brazil s climate. The SouthAmerican country has grown into a major agricultural exporter. It is the second largest ex

13、porter of soybeans after the United States.In the last five years, millions of hectares have been newly planted in Brazil.Growth has been especially high in central states with grassland. It usually gets rain in summer and is dry in winter.A company based in Iowa helps American investors and farmers

14、 invest inBrazil. David Kruse is the company president. He says it makes sense to invest inBrazil, and to do it with money borrowed in the United States. He says farming inBrazil is more profitable than in the Midwest, but borrowing costs in Brazil are high.John Zulk is chief financial officer of Br

15、azil Iowa Farms. Mr. Zulk tells us that his company has three hundred investors. But he says he knows of only about ten ortwelve American families that have moved to Brazil to start farms.Farming in undeveloped areas is not easy. Many areas lack roads and railwaysto transport crops. Plus, laws and c

16、ustoms are different in Brazil. And the Portuguese language can be a barrier.Answer the following questions.1)Why do some farmers in the United States go to farm in Brazil?Which country is the largest exporter of soybeans in the world?True or False TOC o 1-5 h z Land cost is much less in Brazil than

17、 in the United States.()Farming in Brazil is as profitable as in the midwest of America.()It rains a lot all the year round in Brazil.()People from the midwest of America can t get used to the life in Brazil easily.()TranslationHe says it makes sense to invest in Brazil, and to do it with money borr

18、owed in the United States.設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:在兩篇閱讀完成之后，及時(shí)給學(xué)生機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)展示他們的答案，并在核對(duì)中進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)狞c(diǎn)撥或 者答題技巧的提示等等。適當(dāng)排除個(gè)別閱讀中的障礙，如詞匯的猜測(cè)等。同時(shí)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生注意長(zhǎng)難句 的理解。這兩篇文章相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，由關(guān)于農(nóng)業(yè)的話題，用多副圖片導(dǎo)入人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械慕】碉嬍吃?題，如：史丹利化肥及其他肥料，噴灑農(nóng)藥的圖片，食品安全話題相關(guān)的圖片等等。然后播放視 頻來(lái)以動(dòng)畫(huà)的形式介紹什么是有機(jī)食物，為第三篇文章的閱讀做好鋪墊。C HYPERLINK /english/news/environment/Study-Most-Organic-Crops- /e

19、nglish/news/environment/Study-Most-Organic-Crops-Fall-Short-on-Yields-148887835.htmlApril 25, 2012Study: Most Organic Crops Fall Short on YieldsLower yields means feeding world organically requires clearing more land.A new study shows organic crops produce less than those raised with chemicals.| 3 y

20、r. ORGAN心If鏟1 I嗎二 1號(hào)buthe says.buthe says.Some organic crops produce nearly as much as traditional agriculture, most still fall short, according to a new analysis.With a growing world population and limited land available to feed it, there is a debate（ 辯論）on how to feed the world enough.Organic advo

21、cates（ 擁護(hù)者 ）say that farming without fertilizers and pesticides has less environmental effect. But the others think organic farming generally produces less food per hectare. Lower yields means feeding the world organically would require clearing more land.The new study in Nature shows lots of differ

22、ences between traditional and organic yields. On average, organic crops produced 25 percent less than chemical crops. The water supply is different depending on weather conditions, but the organic soil can actually provide water better to the crops because it can hold this water for longer,“ Seuseiy

23、s.If organic crops were given the right amount of nutrients and protected from weeds and pests, they could produce the same amount as, says agronomist Ken Cassman at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln.But he says that s not tseue.“The problem is the land issue, if you re talking global food safet

24、y,The world food demand will grow by 70 percent by mid-century, according to the United Nations. Cassman says researchers need to figure out how to meet the demand on the same amount of land that farmers are using today.“Ithink when people see these studies, their first reaction is, Well, my goodnes

25、s, organic farming can tfeed the world, says Washington State University soil scientist John Reganold.He says organic and chemical systems are two ends of one book. He also says more and more, farming is becoming a hybrid of both.The University of Nebraskas Ken Cassman says the arguments are a distr

26、action（偏離主題）. You don focus on whether organic is better or chemical isbetter , “he says . Y3u simply focus on the outcome. ”In my personal food decisions, I have a mix, says study author VerenaSeufert. And I think we do have to have that on a larger scale(規(guī)模).1. What sthe Chinese meaning of the und

27、erlined word“yield ?2. Fill in the blank in paragraph 6 to complete the sentence.3. What crops would you like to choose in your dailylife? Why?設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:本篇文章摘自網(wǎng)絡(luò)英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)站新聞，為適應(yīng)學(xué)生的實(shí)際水平，文章進(jìn)行了適當(dāng)?shù)膭h減和個(gè)別復(fù)雜詞匯的替換，但網(wǎng)址保留，可供學(xué)生再次上網(wǎng)瀏覽原文。限時(shí)閱讀（7分鐘）的同時(shí)，讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的猜詞和文章中的挖空填空，并對(duì)網(wǎng)站文章發(fā)表個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。同時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)本單元的話題，用多媒體投放各種表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的句型，讓學(xué)生當(dāng)堂進(jìn)行觀點(diǎn)的展示，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的口頭表達(dá)，同時(shí)注意學(xué)生的互相交流和評(píng)價(jià)。II. Mini-writingComments (37)Here? what other readers have said. V/h/ nol debate this issue li-.t? on our message boards.Tie com nnents below hav notbeen moderated.Oldest - Best rated W