1、2022年湖南省婁底市高考英語仿真試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共11小題，共27.5分）APodcasts （播客）for Kids There are many child-friendly podcasts that explore topics that arent often included in traditional curriculums.They cover a range of topics and parents and kids can listen together.Brains OnThis podcast by American Public Media answer

2、s kid-submitted science questions in an engaging,hands-on way.The show is co-hosted by a new kid each week,and comes with online activities in each episode （集）/Brains Onueven has subject-specific episode playlists covering big,complicated topics,like public health and the coronavirus,and the environ

3、ment and water. Flyest Fables （寓言）This podcast explores a variety of characters,identities,and experiences.Each episode sounds like a bedtime story,with colorful descriptions and a lot of characters （all voiced by the host,Morgan Givens,who in addition to being a writer and audio producer is also a

4、voice actor） .He approaches each episode in a sensitive,age-appropriate way.KidNuzThis podcast breaks down the news in a kid-appropriate way through episodes that are about five minutes long.Past episodes have explored topics from climate change to sports to the presidential debates.Though it focuse

5、s heavily on American news,it sometimes covers global news.Each episode ends with a quiz designed to test children on the information provided.Its a nice entry point if youre trying to discuss whats happening in the world,without exposing your kids to some of the tougher topics in a way that might n

6、ot kid-appropriate.So Get MeSo Get Me explores a variety of identities and stories from real people.Each episode encourages listeners to accept different identities.Like the podcasts title states,each person featured in the episodes tells the world to accept them for who they are.This podcast is for

7、 everyone who has ever felt rejected because of their differences,and for those who are looking to learn about different identities.If you want to add social justice elements into your childrens lives,look no further than So Get Me.What is special about*Brains On? It is full of bedtime stories.It an

8、swers questions about children.Kids take turns co-hosting the podcast.The host is a writer and audio producer.Which of the podcasts is suitable for teaching a child about current events? A. Brains On.B. Flyest Fables.C. KidNuz.D. So Get Me.What can So Get Me be mainly about? Maintaining ones identit

9、y.Accepting different identities.Comparing different identities.Discovering different identities.BHow can we get more people into community greenspaces? Researcher Adriana Zuniga-Teran and her team think they have found the answer.Walkability-or how easy and safe it is for someone to walk from home

10、to a greenspace -is a deciding factor in how often people visit parks,Zuniga-Teransays.The data gathered from those surveyed in their homes show that several factors that play into a neighborhoocfs walkability can significantly increase how often people visit greenspaces.For example,higher levels of

11、 perceived traffic safety-or how well people inside nearby buildings can see pedestrians outside-corresponded with more frequent visits.The research also suggests that people who travel to greenspaces by walking or biking are three-and-a-half times more likely to visit daily than those who get there

12、 by other means.Residents who have to drive are more likely to go only monthly.,though,played no significant role in how often people visited a park.Different levels of walkability may explain this result.Lets say you live in front of a huge park,but theres this huge freeway in the middle,*Zuniga-Te

13、ran explained. YouYe very close,but just crossing the major street,you might need to spend a long time in that busy intersection （道路交叉 口 ） .In situations like that,a person probably wont visit that park frequently despite living close to it.”The researchers also gathered data from people visiting gr

14、eenspaces and found only one walkability factor was significantly linked to more frequent visits： traffic safety .Those who indicated their neighborhoods have fewer traffic-related safety concerns were more likely to visit greenspaces daily than those who reported concerns about traffic-related safe

15、ty.Its important to gather and use this kind of information for the sake of human and environmental health,Zuniga-Teran says.Greenspaces clean the air and water,which benefits every resident of a community.The research connects how people see their world with their own behaviors,and the findings cou

16、ld help city planners to look into whether their perceptions of walkability match those of the residents living in their communities,she says.What does it indicate when people can see pedestrians outside? A. Road safety.B. Staying inside.C. A short distance.D. Walking instead of driving.What does th

17、e underlined part Proximity to a park probably mean? A. Living near a park.B. Going to a new park.C. Enjoying a visit to a park.D. Being familiar with a park.According to the text,which of the following is helpful for city planning? The way people think of the research.The way people think of walkab

18、ility.The way people behave in greenspaces.The way people behave in their communities.What can be a suitable title for the text? Safety in Greenspaces： Key to Attracting More VisitorsGreenspaces： Benefit to Human and Environmental HealthWalkability： Key to More Frequent Visits to GreenspacesTraffic

19、Safety： Deciding Factor in Walkable NeighborhoodscNew research has found that wild monkeys called Barbary macaques in Morocco with more social partners-the monkeys they groom（梳毛）withwiH huddle（擠在起）together in severe winters,increasing their probability of surviving winter.The study is the first to s

20、how that such social huddling may be a mechanism that connects social bonding to higher fitness-the term used by scientists to measure how well animals can deal with their local ecological conditions,usually measured by reproductive success andsurvival.Dr Bonaventura Majolo,a behavioural ecologist w

21、ho carried out the study,said： We know from previous studies of a number of different species that forming social bonds positively affects survival and reproduction,but exactly how this happens was not clear.* Barbary macaques were an ideal species to examine because of the varying social relationsh

22、ips they have with their group companions,and the extreme weather conditions they experience,such as cold and snowy winters,and hot and dry summers.We found that monkeys which were more sociable would huddle together during winter nights with their social partners,and that this led to the formation

23、of larger huddles when it rained or the temperature dropped.In the ecological conditions of our study where Barbary macaques experience a severe winter,the benefits provided by social thermoregulation （溫度調(diào)節(jié)）can explain why more social monkeys are more likely to survive winter.In less extreme climate

24、s,more effective social thermoregulation could allow greater energetic investment in growth and reproduction, he said.We were searching fbr a behavioural mechanism which could potentially apply across a diverse range of species to explain the fitness benefit of social bonds.We hope that our study wi

25、ll stimulate further research in this area,helping to understand the benefit of forming and maintaining social bonds,and thus the evolution of complex sociality.0What does fitness in paragraph 2 refer to? Animals* living conditions in extreme climates.Animals capacity to adapt to their environment.S

26、cientists research on social bonding in animals.Scientists research on animals* struggling fbr survival.How did the monkeys respond to lower temperatures ? By increasing huddling sizes.By finding a huddling partner.By finding a grooming partner.By increasing the number of huddles.What do we know abo

27、ut social thermoregulation ? It raises the air temperature.It is helpful fbr reproduction.It produces energy monkeys need.It provides more space for monkeys.What does the study on Barbary macaques focus on? Social bonding and survival.Animals and the environment.The environment and survival.Ecology

28、and weather conditions.二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)There are so many volunteering opportunities nowadays.You can work with older adults to better their lives,help victims of natural disasters,or offer your support to the local animal shelter.There is no doubt that volunteering is about others. (1)Volunte

29、ering automatically comes with new friendships. (2) When you feel alone,negative thoughts may pour into your brain,leaving you feeling depressed or anxious.Choosing an activity that you enjoy,like volunteering,gives you a higher chance of meeting others with similar interests.These friendships can l

30、ast a lifetime,even if the volunteering project has ended.(3) Part of human design is to be in a community serving or helping others.When you volunteer,youre directly impacting the neighborhood youre serving.You feel good in general.A term called the helpers high is used to describe how people feel

31、after volunteering. You have a sense of great self-worth. You feel satisfied,content and joyful. Volunteering activities may involve learning new skills.You might have to help build a fence,teach children language skills or care for animals.So you might have to learn how to do something.When you com

32、bine gaining a new skill with being in a new environment,it boosts your confidence.Additionally,gaining a new skill can help you gain a sense of identity and pride. (4)People usually fbcus their attention on the day-to-day events that happen around them. (5) Doing volunteering work gives you a chanc

33、e to see that your problems are small in comparison to some of the real issues in the world.For example,helping build a house for people in need gives you the chance to see the needs of others instead of your own.A.This offers a more positive view of yourself.B.Volunteering gives you a feeling of ha

34、ppiness.C.Growing your social circle is really beneficial for you.D.But meanwhile,you get back just as much as you put in.E.Therefbre,what you do as a volunteer really benefits those in need.F.Consequently,they tend to have a narrow-minded view of the world.G.So ifs important for volunteers to bond

35、together to help more people.12.A. AEB. BC.CD. DE.F. FG. G13.A. AB. BC.CD. DE.EF. FG. G14.A. AB. BC.CD. DE.EF. FG. G15.A. AB. BC.CD. DE.EF. FG. G16.A. AB. BC.CD. DE.EF. FG. G三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)Im a Filipino (菲律賓的)girl who grew up in the United States.Attending a school with a population of about

36、 80% white students had a huge impact on the way 1(17) my Filipino self.l often heard my classmates making jokes putting Asians into one(18), even though I knew there were vast differences in our cultures.During social studies classes,! noticed that I leamed(19) about the ancestry of my friends,rath

37、er than my own.Consequently,! began to(20) that my Filipino heritage was of less importance and something to be(21 )of.I felt so alone.It was not until 1 entered high school that I realized how(22)I was.Through clubs and activities the student body I met with was(23), as well as culturally active,an

38、d 1 immediately(24) .1 talked with students from across the globe,enjoying listening and being exposed to different(25).Gradually J began to feel confident in displaying my Filipino pride.1(26) my friends to various Filipino dishes,! took great(27) in talking about the culture and history of the Phi

39、lippines,and I no longer saw my background as what(28)me from others and caused my feelings of(29), but as something that I should be proud of.Fve changed from alone to unique11, and Fm making every effort to spread the message that being(30)can and should be nonnal.I would not be who I am without m

40、y Filipino background,which is what(31) made me feel alone but what actually makes me unique.17.A. viewedB. becameC. discoveredD. improved18.A. periodB. schoolC. behaviorD. category19.A. nothingB. lessC. littleD. more20.A. noticeB. recognizeC. acceptD. prove21.A. ashamedB. afraidC. sureD. fond22.A.

41、perfectB. wrongC. luckyD. careless23.A. care-freeB. open-mindedC. strong-mindedD. hard-working24.A. started outB. gave upC. went onD. joined in25.A. conditionsB. experimentsC. viewpointsD. sceneries26.A. comparedB. introducedC. preferredD. sent27.A. measuresB. careC. pleasureD. patience28.A. disting

42、uishedB. keptC. movedD. restricted29.A. guiltB. pityC. alonenessD. shock30.A. unhappyB. activeC. friendlyD. different31.A. hardlyB. previouslyC. almostD. afterwards四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)32. Gondola Rides in VeniceVenice, (1) (Europe) best preserved big city of a hundred islands connected by 400 brid

43、ges and countless narrow waterways, (2) ( feature) its traditional gondolas on the canals of the city.A gondola is a flat-bottomed,wooden boat, 11 meters long and weighs 600 kg.lt (3) (build) in special workshops called squeri of which there are still a few today.You can*t see Venice properly (4) a

44、gondola ride.The gondola ride takes you either along canals through a man-made Italian Village full of shops, (5) outside the main tourist area so that you can see a different view of Venice.The gondola ride can be very romantic just imagine (6) (you) under an Italian sky floating past ancient build

45、ings.Gondolas allow you to better (7) (appreciation) how Venice functions with canals instead of streets. Rides are offered as a (share ) experience for four passengers,or as a privatetwo-person ride.They are definitely overpriced.But there is only one Venice,and only one place in the world where yo

46、u can ride a gondola through the canals of a city that is more than 1, 200 years old.If you feel like youll regret not (9) (take) a gondola ride in Venice,then our advice is to not miss out on (10) may be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)33.你校英語學(xué)習(xí)報(bào)在開展以DIY (Do It Yourself自己動(dòng)手做)為

47、主題的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng) 按下面要求寫一篇英語短文向該報(bào)投稿：.你的DIY經(jīng)歷；.你的感想。注意：.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。My DIY Experience My DIY experience was閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Gift That Brings Joy It gives us a great joy to see the expressions on the faces of children when they open gifts for them.But it is an even greate

48、r joy to witness the efforts of a child who gives a gift of his or her own.This summer,! made a trip to Honduras as a member of a medical mission team to help the poor people in the village of La Esperanza.As I prepared fbr the trip,I used the opportunity to teach my little son,Cason,about the peopl

49、e I was going to help.I explained how poor these people were,so poor that the area where I was going didnt even have stores for people to shop.Cason wanted to know if the boys played basebalI.Probab!y not,because they dont have anygloves or bats, I answered.Cason could not imagine boys who didnt hav

50、e an opportunity toplay baseball.In his world,having a certain toy or sports equipment is only a Wal-Mart stopaway.But I reminded him that these people had little money and there were no storesaround.Some even dont have shoes or decent clothes,* I said.About 30 minutes later,Cason returned to me.He

51、had been in deep thought about those childrenwho lived in a strange world with no money,stores,bats,balls or gloves.Can you take mybat,ball and gloves and give them to the children there? ” he asked.I was delighted with mysons generosity,but I explained that those were only for one kid but not enoug

52、h for so manykids there.Cason looked a little disappointed and walked away.注意：L續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2 ,請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。But soon Cason returned again with his football and excitedly told me that he had asolution.Football soon became a great favorite with the children there.答案和解析13.【答案】C、C、B【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)

53、 Brains On 下面的 The show is co-hosted by a new kid each week （這個(gè)節(jié)目每周由一個(gè)新來的孩子共同主持）可知，孩子們輪流共同主持播客。故 選C。C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KidNut部分Past episodes have explored topics from climate change to sports to the presidential debates.T hough it focuses heavily on American news,it sometimes covers global news.（過去的幾集探 討了從氣候

54、變化到體育到總統(tǒng)辯論等話題。雖然它主要關(guān)注美國新聞，但有時(shí)也報(bào)道全 球新聞。）可知，KidNuz所涉及的是有關(guān)時(shí)事新聞方面的內(nèi)容。故選C。B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Each episode encourages listeners to accept different identities.Like the podcasts title states,e ach person featured in the episodes tells the world to accept them for who they are.（每一集都 鼓勵(lì)聽眾接受不同的身份。就像播客的標(biāo)題一樣，每一集中的人物

55、都告訴全世界接受他 們的真實(shí)身份。）可知，So Get Me”是關(guān)于接受不同的身份。故選B。本文為應(yīng)用文。文章介紹一些兒童友好型播客，它們涵蓋了一系列的話題，父母和孩子 可以一起聽。做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找 出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫出正確答案。47.【答案】A、A、C、B【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Walkability-or how easy and safe it is for someone to walk from home to a greenspace -is a d eciding factor in h

56、ow often people visit parks,Zuniga-Teransays. （Zuniga Teransays 表示， 步行能力或從家步行到綠色空間的便捷性和安全性是人們游覽公園頻率的決定性因素。） 可知當(dāng)人們能看到外面的行人時(shí)，它表明道路安全。故選A。A.猜測(cè)句意題。根據(jù)后文though,played no significant role in how often people visited a park.Different levels of walka bility may explain this result. （Proximity to a park對(duì)人們參觀公

57、園的頻率沒有顯著影響。 不同的步行能力水平可以解釋這一結(jié)果。）可知影響去公園的頻率主要是因?yàn)椴煌牟?行能力，與Proximity to a park關(guān)系不大?？梢圆聹y(cè)這個(gè)詞的意思是靠近公園。A.Living near a park 住在公園附近；B.Going to a new park 去一個(gè)新的公園；C.Enjoying a visit to a park 享受公園之旅;D.Being familiar with a park 熟悉公園。故選 A。C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Its important to gather and use this kind of information

58、 for the sake of human and environme ntal health,Zuniga-Teran says.Greenspaces clean the air and water,which benefits every resid ent of a community.（為了人類和環(huán)境健康，收集和使用此類信息非常重要。綠色空間清 潔空氣和水，這對(duì)社區(qū)的每一位居民都有利。）可知人們?cè)诰G色空間中的行為方式，對(duì) 城市規(guī)劃有幫助。故選CoB.標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要是寫了對(duì)于人們游覽公園頻率的決定性因素，綠色空間 對(duì)社區(qū)的每一位居民都是有利的。A.Safety in Green

59、spaces：Key to Attracting More Visitors 綠地安全：吸引更多游客的關(guān)健；B.Greenspaces： Benefit to Human and Environmental Health綠色空間：有益于人類和環(huán)境健康； C.Walkability： Key to More Frequent Visits to Greenspaces 可步行性：更頻繁訪問綠地的 關(guān)鍵；D.Traffic Safety： Deciding Factor in Walkable Neighborhoods 交通安全：步行街區(qū) 的決定因素。所以B選項(xiàng)符合本文的主旨。故選B。本文主要是

60、寫了對(duì)于人們游覽公園頻率的因素，綠色空間對(duì)社區(qū)的每一位居民都是有利 的。閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯 關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章 未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作 者觀點(diǎn)。811.【答案】B、A、B、A【解析】（1） B.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文第二段The study is the first to show that such social huddling may be a mechanism that connects soc ial bonding