1、畢業(yè)論文中英文資料外文翻譯文獻Heat Treatment of Dieand Mould Oriented Concurrent Design LI XiongZHANG Hong-bingRUAN Xue yuLUO Zhong huaZHANG YanAbstract: Many disadvantages exist in the traditional die design method which belongs to serial pattern. It is well known that heat treatment is highly important to the di

2、es. A new idea of concurrent design for heat treatment process of die and mould was developed in order to overcome the existent shortcomings of heat treatment process. Heat treatment CAD/CAE was integrated with concurrent circumstance and the relevant model was built. These investigations can remark

3、ably improve efficiency reduce cost and ensure quality of R and D for products.Key words: die design heat treatment mould Traditional die and mould designmainly by experience orsemi experience， is isolated from manufacturing process.Before the design is thefinalized ， scheme of die and mould is usua

4、lly modified time and again ， thussome disadvantages come into beingsuch as long development periodhighcost and uncertain practical effect.Due to strong desires for precisionservicelifedevelopment period and costmodern die and mould should be designedand manufactured perfectly.Therefore more and mor

5、e advanced technologiesandinnovations have been appliedfor exampleconcurrent engineeringagilemanufacturing virtual manufacturingcollaborative designetc. Heat treatment of die and mould is as important as designmanufacture 中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 -外語翻譯 and assembly because it has a vital effecton manufacture， as

6、sembly andservice life Design and manufacture of die and mould have progressedrapidly ， but heat treatment lagged seriously behind them As die and mouldindustry develops ， heat treatment must ensure die and mould there are goodstate of manufacture， assembly and wearresistant properties by request.Im

7、pertinent heat treatment can influence die and mould manufacturing such asover hard and soft and assembly Traditionally the heat treatment processwas made out according to the methods and properties brought forward bydesigner This could make the designers of die and mould and heat treatmentdiverge f

8、rom each other ， for the designers of die and mould could not fullyrealize heat treatment process and materials properties， and contrarily thedesigners rarely understood the service environment and designing thought.These divergences will impact the progress of die and mould to a great extent.Accord

9、ingly ， if the process design of heat treatment is considered in the early thedesigningstage， aims of shortening development period ， reducing costandstabilizing quality will be achieved and the sublimation ofdevelopmentpattern from serial to concurrent will berealized Concurrent engineering takes c

10、omputer integrationsystem as a carrieratthe very start subsequent each stage andfactors have been considered such asmanufacturing， heattreating，properties and so forth in order to avoid theerror Theconcurrent pattern has dismissed the defect of serialpatternwhichbring about a revolution against seri

11、al pattern Inthe present work the heat treatment was integrated into theconcurrentcircumstance of the die and mould development ， and the systemic andprofound research was performed 1 Heat Treatment Under Concurrent Circumstance The concurrent pattern differs ultimately from the serial patternseeFig

12、 1.With regard to serial pattern ， the designers mostly considerthestructure and function of die and mould ， yet hardly consider the consequentprocess， so that the former mistakes are easily spread backwards Meanwhile ， the design department rarely communicates with the assembling ， costaccounting a

13、nd sales departments These problems certainly will influence the 1 中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文-外語翻譯development progress of dieand mould and the market foreground Whereas inthe concurrentpattern， the relations among departments are close， the relateddepartments all take part in the development progress of die and mo

14、uld andhave close intercommunion with purchasers This is propitious to eliminationof the conflicts between departments， increase the efficiency and reduce thecost Heat treatment process in the concurrent circumstance is made out notafter blueprint and workpiece taken but during die and mould designi

15、ng Inthis way ， it is favorable to optimizing the heat treatment process and makingfull use of the potential of the materials 2 Integration of Heat Treatment CADCAE for Die andMould It can be seen from Fig 2 that the process design and simulation of heattreatment are the core ofintegration frame Aft

16、er information input viaproduct design module and heat treatment process generated via heattreatment CAD and heat treatment CAE module will automatically divide the 2 中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 -外語翻譯 mesh for parts drawing ， simulation temperature field microstructure analysisafter heat treatment and the defect of

17、 possible emerging such asoverheatover burning， and then the heat treatment process is judged if theoptimization is made according to the result reappeared by stereoscopicvisiontechnology Moreover tool and clamping apparatusCAD and CAM areintegrated into this system The concurrent engineering based

18、integration frame can shareinformation with other branch That makes for optimizing the heat treatmentprocess and ensuring the process sound2.1 3-D model and stereoscopic vision technology for heattreatment The problems about materials， structure and size for die and mould canbe discovered as soon as

19、 possible by 3-D model for heat treatment based onthe shape of die and mould Modeling heating condition and phasetransformation condition for die and mould during heat treatment are 3 中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 - 外語翻譯 workable ， because it has been broken through for thecalculation of phasetransformation thermodyn

20、amics ， phase transformation kinetics ， phasestressthermal stress， heat transfer，hydrokinetics etc For example，3-D heat conducting algorithm models for local heating complicated impression andasymmetric die and mould ， and M ARC software models for microstructuretransformation was used Computer can

21、present the informations oftemperature ， microstructure and stress at arbitrary time and display the entiretransformation procedure in the form of 3-D by coupling temperaturefieldmicrostructure field and stress field If the property can becoupledvarious partial properties can bepredicted by computer

22、 2.2 Heat treatment process design Due to the special requests for strength，hardness，surface roughness anddistortion during heat treatment for die and mould ， the parameters includingquenching medium type ， quenching temperature and tempering temperatureand time， must be properly selected， and wheth

23、er using surface quenching orchemical heat treatment the parameters must be rightly determined It isdifficult to determine the parameters by computer fully Since computertechnology develops quickly in recent decadesthe difficulty with large scalecalculation has been overcome By simulating and weighi

24、ng the property ， thecost and the required period after heat treatment it is not difficult to optimizethe heat treatment process 2.3 Data base for heat treatment A heat treatment database is described inFig 3 The database is thefoundation of making out heattreatment process Generally ， heat treatmen

25、tdatabase isdivided into materials database and process database It isaninexorable trend to predict the property by materials andprocess Although itis difficult to establish a propertydatabase， it is necessary to establish thedatabase by a series oftests The materials database includes steelgradesch

26、emicalcompositions ，properties and home and abroad gradesparalleltablesThe process database includes heat treatmentcriterions ， classes，heat 4 中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 -外語翻譯 preservation time and cooling velocity Based on thedatabase，heat treatmentprocess can be created by inferring from rules2.4 Tool and equipm

27、ent for heat treatment After heat treatment process is determined， tool and equipment CAD CAE system transfers the information about design and manufacture to thenumerical control device Through rapid tooling prototype ， the reliability oftool and the clamping apparatus can be judged The whole proce

28、dure istransferred by network ， in which there is no man made interference3 Key Technique3.1 Coupling of temperature ， microstructure ， stress andproperty Heat treatment procedure is a procedure of temperature-microstructure stress interaction The three factors can all influence the property seeFig

29、4During heating and cooling ， hot stress and transformation will comeinto being when microstructure changes.Transformation temperature-microstructureandtemperaturemicrostructure and stress-property interact on eachother Research on the interaction of the four factors hasbeen greatly 5 中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 -外

30、語翻譯 developedbut the universal mathematic model has not beenbuilt Manymodels fit the test nicely ， but they cannot be putinto practice Difficultieswith most of models are solved in analytic solution ， and numerical method isemployed so that the inaccuracy of calculation exists Even so， comparing exp

31、erience method with qualitative analysis ， heattreatment simulation by computer makes great progress 3.2 Establishment and integration of models The development procedure for die and mould involvesdesignmanufacture ， heat treatment，assembly， maintenance and so on Theyshould have own database and mod

32、e1 They are in series with each other bythe entity relation model Through establishing and employing dynamicinference mechanism ， the aim of optimizing design can be achieved Therelation between product model and other models was built The productmodel will change in case the cell model changes In f

33、act ， it belongs to therelation of data with die and mould After heat treatment model is integratedinto the system， it is no more an isolated unit but a member which is close toother models in the system After searching， calculating and reasoning fromthe heat treatment databaseprocedure for heat tre

34、atment， which is restrictedby geometric modelmanufacture model for die and mould and by cost and 6 中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文 -外語翻譯 is Ifproperty ，obtained the restriction is disobeyed ， the system will send outthe interpretative warning All design cells are connected by communication network 3.3 Management and ha

35、rmony among members The complexity of die and mould requires closely cooperating amongitem groups Because each member is short of global consideration for die andmould development ， they need to be managed and harmonized Firstlyeachitem group should define its own control condition and resource requ

36、estedandlearn of the request of up-and-down workingprocedure in order to avoidconflict Secondly ， development plan should be made out and monitormechanism should beestablished The obstruction can be duly excluded incase the development is hindered Agile management and harmony redound to communicatin

37、g information ， increasing efficiency ， and reducing redundancyMeanwhile it is beneficial forexciting creativity ， clearing conflict and making the best of resource 4 Conclusions 1 Heat treatment CAD CAE has been integrated into concurrentdesign for die and mould and heat treatment is graphedwhich c

38、an increaseefficiency ， easily discover problems and clear conflicts 2 Die and mould development is performed on the same platform Whenthe heat treatment process is made out， designers can obtaincorrelativeinformation and transfer self-information to otherdesign departments on theplatform 3 Making o

39、ut correctdevelopment schedule and adjusting it in time canenormouslyshorten the development period and reduce costReferences：1ZHOU Xiong-hui ， PENG Ying-hong The Theory andTechnique of ModernDie and Mould Design andManufactureM Shanghai： Shanghai JiaotongUniversity Press2000in Chinese 7 中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文

40、 -外語翻譯 2 Kang M ， Parkamp Computer Integrated Mold ManufacturingJ Int JComputer Integrated Manufacturing ，1995， 5： 229-239 3 Yau H T ， Meno C H ConcurrentProcess Planning for Finishing Millingand DimensionalInspection of Sculptured Surface in Die andMouldManufacturingJ Int J Product Research， 1993，

41、3111：2709 27254 LI Xiang ， ZHOU Xiong-hui ， RUANXue-yu Application of Injection MoldCollaborativeManufacturing System J JournaI of ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity ， 2000， 354： 1391-13945 Kuzman K，Nardin B， Kovae M et a1 The Integration ofRapidPrototyping and CAE in Mould Manufacturing J JMaterials ProcessingTechnolo