Unit4Publictransport基礎(chǔ)落實(shí)Ⅰ.高頻單詞思憶1.distantadj.

→

n.→

adv.2.inconvenientadj.

→

adj.(反義詞)→

n.舒適;便利3.administrationn.

→

adj.行政的→

n.行政人員;管理人員4.effectivelyadv.

→

adj.→

n.→

v.影響遙遠(yuǎn)的distancedistantly不方便的convenientconvenience行政administrativeadministrator有效地effectiveeffectaffectUnit4Publictransport遙遠(yuǎn)的dis5.consumevt.

→

n.→

n.消費(fèi)者6.permitv.

→

n.→

n.許可證7.separatelyadv.

→

adj.→

n.8.irresponsibleadj.

→

adj.(反義詞)→

n.責(zé)任消費(fèi)consumptionconsumer允許;許可permissionpermit分別地;各自地separateseparation不負(fù)責(zé)任的responsibleresponsibility5.consumevt.→Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)再現(xiàn)1.對(duì)……造成破壞2.加快……的步伐3.危及自己和他人的生命4.遇堵車(chē)5.按折扣價(jià)買(mǎi)到某物6.負(fù)擔(dān)重7.跟上;并駕齊驅(qū)cause/dodamageto...acceleratethepaceof...riskone’sownlifeaswellasthelivesofothersbecaught/stuckinatrafficjambuysth.atadiscountbeburdenedwithaheavyloadkeeppacewith...Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)再現(xiàn)cause/dodamageto...a8.更好地利用9.維持秩序10.加速11.在修理中12.使……保持良好狀態(tài)

makebetteruseofkeeporderspeedupunderrepairkeep...ingoodcondition8.更好地利用makebetteruseofkeepⅢ.典型句式運(yùn)用1.隨著更先進(jìn)的隧道挖掘方法的使用,泰晤士河下面第一條鐵路隧道于1884年開(kāi)始挖掘。

moreadvancedwaysofdiggingtunnelsweredeveloped,thefirstrailwaytunnelundertheRiverThameswasdugin1884.2.事故的另一個(gè)原因是車(chē)況不好。Anothercauseofaccidentsisbicyclesarenotkeptingoodcondition.AsthatⅢ.典型句式運(yùn)用Asthat3.如果你和一直在喝酒的人在一起,即使對(duì)方只喝了幾杯啤酒,也不要讓他開(kāi)車(chē)。Ifyouarewithsomeoneelsewhohasbeendrinkingalcohol,

theyhavehadjustacoupleofbeers,donotallowthemtodrive.4.你認(rèn)為100年前坐地鐵旅行會(huì)是什么樣的?

doyouthink

travellingonit100yearsago?evenifWhatitwaslike3.如果你和一直在喝酒的人在一起,即使對(duì)方只喝evenifⅣ.綜合語(yǔ)篇填空1.Thisproblem

trafficledtothedevelopmentoftheundergroundsystem.2.Sowhynot

atripontheoldestundergroundsystemtoday?3.Theyhavedoneso

thehopethatpeoplewilltakenoticeoftheproblemscausedbypoisonoussmokeandgasfromcars.withtakeinⅣ.綜合語(yǔ)篇填空withtakein4.Somecyclistsmaketheassumptionthattrafficlawsdonotapply

them,butthisisnottrue.5.Trafficlightsaretheretoguidetraffic

anorderlyway.6.Itisuptoallofusroaduserstomakesurethatwe

accidentsbypayingattentiontoroadsafety.toinavoid4.Somecyclistsmaketheassum導(dǎo)練互動(dòng)重點(diǎn)單詞1.permitv.允許,許可;n.許可證;執(zhí)照挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)地鐵車(chē)廂里不允許抽煙。Wedonot

intheundergroundcarriages.(2)警察允許他在那里停車(chē)。Thepoliceman

.(3)你有在池塘里釣魚(yú)的許可證嗎?Haveyougot

tofishinthispond?permitsmokingpermittedhimtoparkthereapermit導(dǎo)練互動(dòng)permitsmokingpermittedhi幫你歸納permit(doing)sth.允許(做)某事permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事permitofsth.認(rèn)可,容忍(常用于否定句)Thesituationdoesnotpermitofanydelay.形勢(shì)刻不容緩。permissionn.允許,許可with/withoutone’spermission在某人許可下/不經(jīng)別人許可幫你歸納即學(xué)活練——用permit的適當(dāng)形式填空(4)Time

,we’lldiscussbothquestions.(5)Weare

toswiminthisriver;it’stoodangerous.permittingnotpermitted即學(xué)活練permittingnotpermitted2.beyondprep.在……那一邊;超出;adv.在那邊挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)山的那邊有什么?Whatlies

?(2)有些商店?duì)I業(yè)到午夜以后。Someshopskeepopen

.(3)桂林的美是難以用語(yǔ)言描述的。ThebeautyofGuilinis

.beyondthosemountainsbeyondmidnightbeyonddescription2.beyondprep.在……那一邊;超出;adv.在b幫你歸納beyondallpraise贊美不盡beyondcontrol無(wú)法控制beyondbelief難以置信beyonddescription無(wú)法形容beyond/outofone’sreach夠不到beyondrepair無(wú)法修理beyondrecognition辨認(rèn)不出beyondcompare無(wú)與倫比beyonddoubt無(wú)疑地beyondsb.使人無(wú)法理解幫你歸納即學(xué)活練(4)It’squite

mewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.A.for B.againstC.beyond D.behindC即學(xué)活練C3.arisevi.出現(xiàn),發(fā)生;升起挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)如果有問(wèn)題發(fā)生,請(qǐng)通知我。Ifanyproblems

,pleaseletmeknow.(2)事物的發(fā)展源于它的內(nèi)部矛盾。Thedevelopmentinsideathing

thecontradiction.shouldarisearisesfrom3.arisevi.出現(xiàn),發(fā)生;升起shouldaris幫你歸納arisefrom由……引起,由……產(chǎn)生,起源于Accidentsoftenarisefromcarelessness.事故往往緣于疏忽大意。幫你歸納易混辨異rise,raise(1)risevi.升起;上升;上漲;增長(zhǎng)Thesunrisesintheeast.太陽(yáng)在東方升起。Theriverhasrisen.河水上漲了。Priceshaverisen.物價(jià)上漲了。(2)raisevt.舉起;養(yǎng)育;飼養(yǎng);提高;籌募；征集raiseone’shand舉手raiseafamily養(yǎng)家raisecattle養(yǎng)牛raiseprice提高價(jià)格raiseone’svoice提高聲音raiseaquestion提出問(wèn)題raisemoney籌款易混辨異溫馨提示(1)rise多用于具體意思;arise多用于抽象意思,因此其主語(yǔ)多為抽象名詞(problem,difficulty,loss等)或無(wú)形物(smoke,wind等)。(2)arousevt.喚起；激發(fā)；引起arousesb.fromsleep喚醒某人arouseattention引起注意arise—arose—arisenarouse—aroused—aroused溫馨提示即學(xué)活練(3)Acompletelynewsituationwill

whenthenewexaminationsystemcomesintoexistence.A.arise B.riseC.raise D.arouseA即學(xué)活練A4.undertakevt.承擔(dān);負(fù)責(zé);答應(yīng)挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)這位律師免費(fèi)承辦了那個(gè)案子。Thelawyer

withoutafee.(2)他答應(yīng)在星期五之前完成那項(xiàng)工作。He

thejobbyFriday.undertookthecaseundertooktofinish4.undertakevt.承擔(dān);負(fù)責(zé);答應(yīng)underto幫你歸納undertakeaproject承擔(dān)項(xiàng)目undertakeatask承擔(dān)任務(wù)undertaketodosth.答應(yīng)做某事即學(xué)活練(3)Thethirty-storeybuildingisoneofthemostchallengingprojectstheyhaveever

.A.undergone B.overtakenC.undertaken D.understoodC幫你歸納C5.discountn.折扣,打折;vt.打折扣;不重視挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)現(xiàn)金付款,我們予以八五折優(yōu)惠。Wegive

forcash.(2)攤販正在降價(jià)出售水果。Vendorsweresellingfruits

.a15%discountatadiscount5.discountn.折扣,打折;vt.打折扣;不重視a幫你歸納a10%discount打九折atadiscount打折扣adiscountshop/store折扣店即學(xué)活練(3)Theysoldthesweaters

adiscountof30percent.A.on B.for C.at D.withC幫你歸納C6.narrowadj.窄的;vt.使變窄挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)真是死里逃生,我們很幸運(yùn)。That’s

;wewerelucky.(2)我們?nèi)绾尾拍芸s小青少年和父母之間的代溝?Whatcanwedoto

betweenteenagersandtheirparents?(3)我們把范圍縮小到四位候選者身上。We

thelisttofourcandidates.anarrowescapenarrowthegenerationgaphavenarroweddown6.narrowadj.窄的;vt.使變窄anarrow幫你歸納anarrowvictory險(xiǎn)勝anarrowescape死里逃生anarrowmajority微弱多數(shù)narrowsth.downtosth.把(可能性、選擇等)縮小到……即學(xué)活練(4)Theperformerwaswavinghisstickinthestreetandit

missedthechildstandingnearby.A.narrowly B.nearlyC.hardly D.closelyA幫你歸納A7.loadn.負(fù)荷,負(fù)載,裝載;vt.裝載挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)那輛卡車(chē)裝滿了西瓜。Thetruck

watermelons.(2)裝這車(chē)煤需要多少時(shí)間?Howlongwillittaketoontothetruck?(3)舉一個(gè)重物是很危險(xiǎn)的。Lifting

canbeverydangerous.wasloadedwithloadthecoalaheavyload7.loadn.負(fù)荷,負(fù)載,裝載;vt.裝載wasloa幫你歸納beloadedwith裝滿load...with...用……裝載……o/onto...將……裝入/上……reducestudyload減輕學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)takealoadoffone’smind打消某人的顧慮carryaheavyload負(fù)重載overload超載download下載unload卸載幫你歸納即學(xué)活練(4)Itwashewhowasunderthe

ofresponsibility.A.burden B.loadC.press D.controlB即學(xué)活練B重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)與句型8.underrepair在修理中挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)體育館正在修建中,有望在年底前完工。Thestadium

still

andhopefullyitwillbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.isunderrepair重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)與句型isunderrepair幫你歸納underdiscussion在討論中underexamination在考試中underreview在復(fù)習(xí)中understudy在研究中underconsideration在考慮中underconstruction在興建中underinvestigation在調(diào)查中undercontrol在控制中幫你歸納即學(xué)活練(2)Thefirefighterssoongotthefireinthebuilding

.A.underattack B.undercontrolC.underconstruction D.understudyB即學(xué)活練B9.functionas用作;起……作用(=serveas)挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)我的起居室還用作書(shū)房。Mylivingroomalso

astudy.幫你歸納functionn.功能;作用；v.(機(jī)器等)運(yùn)行、工作What’sthetruefunctionofeducation?教育的真正作用是什么？Despitethepowercuts,thehospitalcontinuedtofunctionnormally.盡管停電了，醫(yī)院的一切工作仍照常進(jìn)行。functionsas9.functionas用作;起……作用(=servea即學(xué)活練(2)Sometimes,someadverbs

asadjectives.YoumustpayattentiontothemwhenyoureadtheEnglishtext.A.arefunctioned B.functionC.werefunctioned D.functionsB即學(xué)活練B10.linkup聯(lián)系;連接挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)兩條公路在這里連接起來(lái)。Thetwohighways

here.(2)這個(gè)組織的目的是將全國(guó)遭受這種疾病的人們聯(lián)系起來(lái)。Theorganization’saimispeoplefromalloverthecountrywhoaresufferingfromthedisease.linkuptolinkup10.linkup聯(lián)系;連接linkuptolink幫你歸納belinkedto與……有聯(lián)系;與……有關(guān)聯(lián)Wecouldconcludethatthetwoeventswerenecessarilylinkedtoeachother.我們能斷定這兩件事情之間有著必然的聯(lián)系。幫你歸納11.beaimedat目的是；旨在；針對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)我們的政策旨在提高人們的生活水平。Ourpolicy

improvingthelivingconditionsofpeople.(2)旨在幫助殘疾人的節(jié)目很成功。Theprogramme

wasagreatsuccess.(3)他把槍瞄準(zhǔn)樹(shù)上的鳥(niǎo)。He

hisgun

thebirdinthetree.isaimedat(whichwas)aimedathelpingthedisabledaimedat11.beaimedat目的是；旨在；針對(duì)isaime幫你歸納aimat致力于；打算Wemustaimatincreasingstudents’abilitiesofthinkingandinnovating.我們必須致力于提高學(xué)生們的思考和創(chuàng)新能力。aimtodosth.立志做……aimsth.atsb.使某物針對(duì)某人withoutaim漫無(wú)目的幫你歸納即學(xué)活練(4)這些措施旨在防止犯罪。

Thesemeasuresareaimedatpreventingcrime.即學(xué)活練Thehopeof懷著……的希望(=inhopesof)挑戰(zhàn)自我(1)他學(xué)電腦,希望能找到一份不同的工作。Hetakessomecomputerclasses

gettingadifferentjob.=Hetakessomecomputerclasses

hecangetadifferentjob.=Hetakessomecomputerclasses

hehopeof懷著……的希望(=ini幫你歸納hopetodosth./hopethat...希望……h(huán)opefor希望得到losehope失去希望giveuphope放棄希望withthepurposeof帶著……目的forthepurposeof為了……目的withtheintentionofdoingsth.打算做某事幫你歸納即學(xué)活練——用hope完成下列同義句(2)Shewenttherein

offindingagoodjob.=Shewenttherein

offindingagoodjob.=Shewentthere,

tofindagoodjob.=Shewentthereinthehope

shecouldfindagoodjob.hopesthehopehopingthat即學(xué)活練hopesthehopehopingthat品味構(gòu)詞1.利用派生法，品句填詞(1)—What’sthe

ofthesentence?—Oh,it

thateverypossiblehasbeentriedbutitfails.(mean)(2)Hisunusual

indifferentstagesenlargedhis

ineverything,soheismuchmoreatattendingtothings.(experience)(3)JiaPingwa,apeasantnovelist,hasachievedgreatsuccessbyhishard

.Hishasbeenpublished,forexample,“DesertedCapital”.(work)meaningmeansexperiencesexperienceexperiencedworkworksmeans品味構(gòu)詞meaningmeansexperiencesexp串聯(lián)擴(kuò)展名詞s(復(fù)數(shù)形式)名詞(不可數(shù))wood木材woodscustom風(fēng)俗customsmanner方式mannerspaper紙papersgoodgoods貨物；財(cái)產(chǎn)look臉色looks好處森林海關(guān)禮貌試卷,文件相貌串聯(lián)擴(kuò)展名詞名詞(不可數(shù))wood木材woodscusto2.利用派生法，品句填詞(1)Youshouldputtherat

outofthechildren’sreachbecauseitis

.(poison)(2)The

travellinginAfricaofthewoman

madehermorethanbefore.(adventure)(3)Myteachingstyleis

tothatofmostotherteachers,whichwebearastriking

toeachother,soweare

successfulinourcareer.(similar)poisonpoisonousadventuresadventureradventuroussimilarsimilaritysimilarly2.利用派生法，品句填詞poisonpoisonousad串聯(lián)擴(kuò)展名詞形容詞副詞danger危險(xiǎn)有危險(xiǎn)的dangerously危險(xiǎn)地curiosity好奇心好奇的奇怪地小心；慎重謹(jǐn)慎的cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地憂慮anxious憂慮的anxiously急切地desire渴望渴望的渴望地cautionanxietydangerouscuriouscautiouscuriouslydesirouslydesirous串聯(lián)擴(kuò)展名詞形容詞副詞danger危險(xiǎn)da考題回扣【例1】Everybodywastouched

wordsaftertheyheardhermovingstory.(全國(guó)Ⅰ高考)A.beyond B.withoutC.of D.in

解析句意為：當(dāng)他們聽(tīng)說(shuō)了她的感人故事后都感動(dòng)得說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。beyondwords無(wú)話可說(shuō)，不知該如何表達(dá)，為固定詞組。

課文原文ItwasanA+,whichwasbeyondmymodestexpectations.(P57)A考題回扣A【例2】

manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.(四川高考)A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold

解析此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，與句子主語(yǔ)he之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故可排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)前后句的邏輯關(guān)系，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用完成時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞understood之前。課文原文Havingbeendevelopedovermanyyears,theundergroundsystemisnow...(P56)D【例2】manytimes,hefinall【例3】

inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.(福建高考)A.Waiting B.TowaitC.Havingwaited D.Tohavewaited

解析逗號(hào)前的部分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，不定式一般不作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，首先排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；wait的動(dòng)作在realize之前，故用分詞的完成式。課文原文

Havingseenthesituation,awealthyAmericanbusinessman,CharlesYerkes,triedtoimprovethesystemby...(P50)C【例3】inthequeueforhal【例4】ThepopulationofJiangsu

tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74million.(江蘇高考)A.hasgrownB.havegrownC.grewD.aregrowing

解析本句中談?wù)摰娜丝诘脑鲩L(zhǎng)是從1949年一直到現(xiàn)在的人口的增長(zhǎng)，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。又因?yàn)閜opulation作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)，所以此題選A。

A【例4】ThepopulationofJiangsu課文原文Theyhavedonesointhehopethatpeoplewilltakenoticeof...(P57)課文原文【例5】—DidyoureturnFred’scall?—Ididn’tneedto

I’llseehimtomorrow.(北京高考)A.though B.unlessC.when D.because

解析因?yàn)椤癐’llseehimtomorrow”是“Ididn’tneedto”的原因,故該空格處用because表示原因。課文原文Thesearebothverydangerousbecause

theycaneasilyleadtocrashes.(P62)D【例5】—DidyoureturnFred’scal自主檢測(cè)Ⅰ.品句填詞1.Manisa

(相對(duì)地)newcreatureonthesurfaceoftheearth.2.The

(離開(kāi))ofthetrainwasdelayedbecauseoftheaccident.3.Thesmallsymbolsonthemapstandfor

(具有歷史意義的)placesandmuseums.4.Many

(騎車(chē)人)donotpayattentiontothecarsaroundthem,paratively/relativelydeparturehistoriccyclists自主檢測(cè)comparatively/relativelyde5.Thisairconditioner

(耗費(fèi))alotofelectricity.6.Heisalways

forappointments,neverlate.7.Thematchwas

tillnextSundaybecauseofthebadweather.8.Theparkhasasignsayingthatdogsarenot

toenter.9.Thoughhehasmadegreatachievementsinhiswork,heremains

.10.Thestudentshadtoreachthestationbefore5p.m.,sotheteachertheclassfifteenminutesearlier.consumespunctualpostponedpermittedmodestdismissed5.ThisairconditionerⅡ.短語(yǔ)識(shí)境chokeoff;linkup;acceleratethepaceof;functionas;permitsb.todo...;atadisco-unt;makeupfor;washaway;arisefrom...;beaimedat1.Thetwoorganizations

toholdacharityevent.2.Theconferenceeducationalreforms.3.Thisbigroom

ameetingroom.4.Mymotherdoesnot

me

gooutaloneatnight.linkedupacceleratedthepaceoffunctionsaspermittoⅡ.短語(yǔ)識(shí)境linkedupacceleratedthe5.Generallyspeaking,peopleliketobuyallkindsofthings

.6.Theirhousewas

intheflood.7.Therearemoreandmorefamilyproblems

thelackofcommunication.8.Shekepttalkingandnobodycouldher

.9.IthoughtIcouldhavearelaxingweekendto

allmyhardwork.10.Thisnotice

increasingpeople’sawarenessoftheproblem.atadiscountwashedawayarisingfromchokeoffmakeupforisaimedat5.Generallyspeaking,peopleliⅢ.單項(xiàng)填空1.Thereisaclose

betweensmokingandlungcancer.A.distinction B.acquisitionC.expansion D.connection

解析connection聯(lián)系。句意：吸煙和肺癌密切相關(guān)。DⅢ.單項(xiàng)填空D2.Accordingtotherecentresearch,heavycoffeedrinkingandheartattackisunnecessarily

andeffect.A.reason B.impactC.fact D.cause解析causeandeffect因果。D2.Accordingtotherecentrese3.Hecamehere

toseeyou,

afterheheardthatyouhadreturnedfromabroad.A.specially;mainlyB.specially;especiallyC.especially;especiallyD.especially;specially

解析specially專(zhuān)門(mén)地。句意：他來(lái)這里是專(zhuān)門(mén)看你的，特別是在聽(tīng)說(shuō)你從國(guó)外回來(lái)后。B3.Hecameheretoseeyou4.Ourfiguresarebasedonthe

thattherateofinflationwillbe5%bytheendoftheyear.A.substance B.assumptionC.notice D.theory

解析assumption猜測(cè)，設(shè)想；that從句為同位語(yǔ)從句。B4.Ourfiguresarebasedonthe5.Theywillstarttheirproject

athelpingthepoorchildrentobeeducatedinChina’swest.A.aims B.aimingC.beingaimed D.aimed

解析aimatdoingsth.致力于做某事，用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)they的打算。B5.Theywillstarttheirprojec6.Anewcrisishas

.A.arisen B.risenC.raised D.aroused

解析arise出現(xiàn)，多用于抽象意思，主語(yǔ)多為抽象名詞。A6.Anewcrisishas.A7.Itisreportedthatthecaraccidentthathappenedlastnightcaused5

andmany

.A.dead;injure B.dead;injuredC.deaths;injuries D.deaths;injure

解析death作“死亡人數(shù)”講，injury作“受傷人數(shù)”講時(shí)，均為可數(shù)名詞。C7.Itisreportedthatthecar8.Theboywasnot

totheschoolbecausehewastooyoung.A.permitted B.approvedC.allowed D.admitted

解析beadmittedtoschool被接納入學(xué)。9.Thedriverbegantospeedupto

forthehourhe’dlostinthetrafficjam.A.keepup B.takeupC.catchup D.makeup解析makeupfor...彌補(bǔ)……。DD8.Theboywasnottothes10.Afterthetrainerwassurethatthewhalecouldlookafteritself,he

itintothesea.A.transpo