中考定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)中考定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)中考定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考中考定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)日期：20xx年X月定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面兩句中的man和everything是定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that,which,who(賓格who,所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞where,when、why關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句2、代替先行詞3、在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分二.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.如果先行詞是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用who或whom.例如：Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?

2.whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。例如：Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主語(yǔ))(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做賓語(yǔ))4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。（在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。）(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主語(yǔ))(2)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning(在句子中做賓語(yǔ))具體使用時(shí)還要注意下列問(wèn)題：只能使用that,不用which的情況：(1)先行詞是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代詞時(shí)。例如：Allthathesaidistrue.(2)先行詞被only,no,any,all,等詞修飾時(shí)。例如：Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.(3)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞。例如：Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.(4)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的詞。例如：Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.(5)先行詞既包括人又包括物時(shí)。例如：Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.只用which/who,不用that的情況：(1)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語(yǔ)用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如：Theboy,whoisgoodatsoccer,comesfromXinjiang.

Thatnecklace,whichyougavemeasapresent,waslostyesterday.非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立例如：CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。（非限)Thereissomebodyherewhowantstospeaktoyou這里有人要和你說(shuō)話(限制性)(2)which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語(yǔ)，也可以作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，多數(shù)情況下意思是與andthis相似，并可以指人。例如：Hedidverywellinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)(1).Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2).Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替(3).Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4).Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?6.when指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。例如：I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.7.where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。例如：Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity8."介詞＋關(guān)系代詞"是一個(gè)普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)?！敖樵~＋關(guān)系代詞"可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。"介詞＋關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等，關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或which,不可用that。

例:Themanwho/whomyouspoketoisateacher.Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.一．請(qǐng)分析一下定語(yǔ)從句：(請(qǐng)劃出定語(yǔ)從句，并標(biāo)出先行詞)1.

CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.2.

AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.3.

Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.4.

Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5.

Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.6.

Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?8.

HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.9.

MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.10.

Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?12.

Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.13.

Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.14.

Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis,youcanaskthem.二、用關(guān)系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1.

Thisistheman____________wantstoseeyou.2.

Thestudent___________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.

Theman__________youwenttoseehascome.4.

Theman__________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.5.

Thewoman___________yousawisourgeographyteacher.6.

Therunner_______________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.7.

Theperson_____________youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.8.

Theman___________waspassingbysawwhathappened.9.

Hereisthepen______________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.10.

Thesebooks_____________youlentmewereveryuseful.11.

Thestorybook____________Ihavejustreadcannotbeeasilyforgotten.12.

Aclockisamachine_____________tellspeoplethetime.13.

Thisisshirt_______________Iboughtyesterday.14.

Adictionaryisabook________________givesthemeaningtotheword.15.

Thebook_______________isonthetableismine.16.

Thefilm_______________theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.17.

Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces________Ihaveevervisited.18.

Isthereanyone_________________familyisinBeijing19.

Showmetheboy____________motherisawell-knownsinger.20.

Theboy________________fatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.三、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose()3.Thestudentswereallinterested____youtoldthemyesterday.A.inwhichB.inthatthisC.allthat D.ineverything()4.Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice______wasinvited.A.whom B.whose C.that D.which()5.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastyear.A.where B.inwhich C.which D.inthat()6.Charlietoldhismotherall____hadhappened.A.that B.what C.which D.who()7.Doyouknowthestudent_____A.whomIoftentalk B.withwhoIoftentalkC.Ioftentalkwith D.thatIoftentalk()8.Ilikethehouse_____windowsfacesouth.A.whose B.who’s C.it's D.its()9.Wouldyoutellmewheretogetthedictionary_____A.whatIneedB.Ineed C.whichIneeditD.thatIneedit()10.Theyoungwoman_____Ispokejustnowisayoungdoctor.A.who B.towhom C.whom D.that】()11.Doyouknowtheworker______A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkC.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk()12.Youhaveseenthegirl____sisterisaChineseteacher.A.whomB.ofwhomC.whoseD.ofwhich()13.Those____finisheddoingitputupyourhands.A.whohaveB.whohasC.whichhaveD.have()14.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose()15.What’sthenameoftheprogram________.A.whicharelisteningB.youarelisteningtoC.tothatyouarelisteningD.thatyouarelistening()16.----Whatareyourfavoritesongs?----Thesongs_____________weresungbyS.H.E.thatB.whatC.when.D.where()17.---Doyourememberthewoman_________gaveyouahandwhenyouwereintrouble?---Ofcourse.Iwillrememberherallthelife.A.whatB.whomC.whichD.who()18.Ihavebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which()19.---Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutthefamouspeople_________youcanuseforthereport?---Notyet.I’llsearchsomeontheInternet.whoB.whatC.whomD.which()20.Friendsarethose__________makeyousmile,alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.whichB.whatC.whomD.who()21.----Istherearightmusic_________Icandanceto?----Yes,butIhavetolookforit.whoseB.thatC.whenD.where()22.Sheis_________inhospital.Ihavetolookafterthe___person.ill...sickB.sick...sickC.sick...illD.bothAandB.()23.Howlucky.Thepolicestoppedtheaccident____________..attimes.B.intimeC.ontimeD.bythetime()24.-----Howisyourgrandma?-----Sheisfine.Sheusedto____TVathomeaftersupper.Butnowsheusedto____outforawalk.A.watch...goB.watching...goC.watching...goingD.watch...going()25.Thereis________withhim.Hewillbeallrightsoon.A.somethingseriousB.serioussomethin