Task1Letters1.

form(書信的格式)2.ideas(內(nèi)容完整)3.expressions(地道的表達(dá))FormofLetters

DateAddressee(收信人)BodypartEnding

Addressee(稱謂)Dear(name),——friend/relative

DearMr./Ms./Prof/Dr(Surname),——knownauthority

DearSirorMadam,——unknownauthority/strangerTowhomitmayconcernEndingYourssincerely,Keepintouch,Dropmealine,Love,Trulyyours,Bestwishes,Regards,Yours,TypesofLetters１.referenceletters(推薦信)２.lettersofcomplaints（抱怨信）３.letterstoapologize（道歉信）４.letterstoseekhelp（求助信）５.letterstopraise（表揚信）Aletterofreference(推薦信/自薦信)1.根據(jù)具體的情況,開門見山的點明此信的目的。2.著重描寫求職者的教育背景及實踐經(jīng)驗。用具體的事例說明求職者的能力、性格和經(jīng)驗。避免用很多的形容詞空洞的描寫某人。避免過于謙虛。3.信的結(jié)尾比較固定。Aletterofreference(推薦信/自薦信)Iamveryhappytorecommend…forthevacancyofadministrativeassistantatyourcompany.推薦信Itisapleasureformetowritethisreferenceletterfor…推薦信Iamverypleasedthat…andIhighlyrecommendhim/her.推薦信Aletterofreference(推薦信/自薦信)Iaminterestedinthepostof…andIwouldliketoapplyforit.自薦信Iaminterestedinthevacancyfor…thatyouarenowadvertising.自薦信Ending⑴Iamlookingforwardtoyourreplyandhopetobegrantedaninterview.自薦信⑵waystocontactyou(telephone,e-mail)⑶YourssincerelybackLetterstocomplainComplainheatingAnoisyneighborLetterstocomplainMuchtomyregret,Iwritethislettertoplaceacomplaintagainst…Iamwritingtodrawyourattentionto…Iamsorrytopointitout,but…Ifeelsomethingoughttobedoneabout…Letterstocomplain客觀的描述事件的起因、過程和結(jié)果。不用不禮貌的語言，不要威脅。時態(tài)：一般過去式LetterstocomplainIlookforwardtoapositivereplyfromyou.Pleasemakesurethatappropriatemeasuresaretakentosolvetheproblem.LetterstoapologizeDamagedpropertyInterviewatdifferenttimeUnabletoreturntoworkLettertoseekhelpClaiminsuranceAdifficultlanguagecourseLettertoseekhelpIhavebeenunableto…Iwouldliketoseekhelpfromyou.Becauseofthedifficultyof…,Ihavetowritetoyoutoaskforhelp.Ihavetriedveryhardto…butfailed.Couldyouplease…Lettertoseekhelp感激和期待Iwouldgreatlyappreciateyourhelpifyoucould…Thankyouverymuchinadvance.Ihopeyoucan…andIwillbegratefulforyourhelp.letterstopraiseIrecentlytraveledtoShanghaiandhadagoodtimethere.Iwenttoaconcertandreallyenjoyedit.Ireadagoodbookandwouldliketorecommendtoyou.letterstopraiseThankyouforreadingmyletter.Thankyouforyourtime.Myregardstoyourparents.Bestwishes.Dropmealineifyouhavetime.letterstopraiseYouhaverecentlytakenaneveningtrainingcourseforusinginternet.Youfoundthecourseusefulandwritetoyourfriendtorecommendthecourse.DescriptionofCharts(圖表類)餅圖柱形圖曲線圖流程圖piechartcolumnchart/barchartcurveaflowchart

outline用一個句子（atopicsentence）說明這個圖表說的是什么。再用一個句子描述一下總趨勢或者重要趨勢(increase/decrease)。接著描述圖表最重要的數(shù)據(jù)(proportion/number)，以及與總體趨勢相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)，因為一個圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)不可能每個都提到。如果是兩個或兩個以上的圖表，要注意綜合比較(comparison)。最后是結(jié)論句(summary)，總結(jié)數(shù)據(jù)或是趨勢.KeyExpressions

具有中等學(xué)歷的人有60人。Thereare60employeeswithasecondaryeducation.中等學(xué)歷的人數(shù)下降到33人。Thenumberofemployeeswhoobtainsecondaryeducationhasfallento33.KeyExpressions2005年碩士人數(shù)是1995年的5倍。ThenumberofemployeeswithMaster’sdegreesin2005is5timesasbigasthatin1995.中等學(xué)歷的人數(shù)是本科學(xué)歷人數(shù)的三倍。ThesecondaryeducationgroupisthreetimesasbigastheBachelor’sgroup.KeyExpressions1995年中等學(xué)歷人數(shù)占的比例相對較大。Thenumberofemployeeswhoobtainsecondaryeducationin1995accountedforarelativelylargeproportion.example縱向比較七月份價格略有下降。TherewasaminordropofpriceinJuly.90年代中期情況開始反轉(zhuǎn)，穩(wěn)步的增長變?yōu)橄陆?。Thetrendreversedinthemid90’s.Asteadyincreasewasreplacedbyadecline.成本下降，銷售也相應(yīng)增加。Thecostwentdownandthesaleswentupaccordingly.Increase/rise,decrease/fall,slowdown,leveloff,pickupspeed,maintain,drop漲幅緩慢但穩(wěn)健。Theincreasewasslowbutsteady.酒后開車引起的事故突然下降。Therewasadramaticdrop/substantialincreaseinthenumberofaccidentscausedbydrunkdriving.增勢持續(xù)了3個月于5月份開始走平。TheriselastedthreemonthsandthenbegantoleveloffinMay.Increase/rise,decrease/fall,slowdown,leveloff,pickupspeed,maintain,drop橫向比較A班的學(xué)生人數(shù)是B班的兩倍.ClassAhastwiceasmanystudentsasClassB.TherearetwiceasmanystudentsinClassAasinClassB.ThenumberofstudentsinClassAistwiceasbigasthatofClassB.占比例Femalestudentsaccountfor65%ofthetotalstudentspopulation.Nursesmakeupmorethan70%ofthestaffinthehospital.Thepercentageofnursesis70%.增長率TheChineseeconomyincreasedby7%ascomparedwithlastyear.Thereisanincreaseby3%inthenumberoffemalestudents.避免流水帳，句子過于簡單。數(shù)據(jù)變化的原因流程圖—玻璃的回收過程

流程圖的重復(fù)頻率大概是每二到三個月出現(xiàn)1次從頭到尾把玻璃回收的過程寫明白表達(dá)表示順序的連接詞準(zhǔn)備工作具體結(jié)果玻璃回收及目的開頭段Thefollowing/abovechartshowsthestructureof……

Thepicturedemonstrates/illustrates……

Itmainlyconsistsof……

Itworksasfollows.

Itinvolvesfollowingsteps.

Thewholeprocedurecanbedividedinto…stages.中間段表示首階段的不同說法：

1)

Theprocessstartsfrom+(名詞or動名詞)

2)

Atthefirststage,+

句子

3)

Atthebeginningofthecircle,+句子

4)

Duringtheinitialphase,+句子

5)

Thebeginningofthewholecircleismarkedby(名詞+動名詞)

6)

(名詞or動名詞)isthefirststepin(+名詞or動名詞)表示次階段的不同說法:

1)Thesecondstageis(+名詞or動名詞)

2)Thenextstopintheprocessis(+名詞or動名詞)結(jié)尾段

表示最后階段的不同說法：

1)

(名詞or動名詞)isthelaststepintheprocedure.

2)

Thefinalphaseintheprocedureisabout+(名詞or動名詞)

3)

Inthefinalphase,+句子

4)

Enteringthefinalstage,+句子

5)

(名詞or動名詞)isthefinalstage.

學(xué)會使用被動態(tài)Weshould/must/needtodo…Sth.should/must/needtobedone…Theproductionofcementstartsinamixer,wherelimestonegravelandsandareconvertedintoamixture,whichisthenfedintoacrusher.Ascanbeseenfromthetable…Asshowninthegraph…Asisdemonstrated…Ascanbesimplyproved…Asbeenmentionedbefore…Asiswellknown…Asindicatedbytheresults…Asexpected…Itmustbenotedthat…Itmustberealizedthat…Itshouldbenotedthat..Itisalsointerestingtonotethat…Thetableshows…TrafficAccidentsinACityTrafficaccidentsarebecomingmoreandmoreseriousinAcity,andmoreandmorepeopleinvolvedinthemareinjured,andevenkilled.

Taketheabovechartasanexample,fromJanuarytoJune,153peoplewereinjuredintrafficaccidentsand33losttheirlives.Takingacarefullookatthem,you’llfindthattrafficaccidentsinAcityhavebeenincreasedallthetime.InJanuary,therewereonly15peopleinjured,whileinJune,theinjuredwentupto40.Itincreased266%.Asforthedead,inJanuary,therewereonly2,butinJune,therewere11.Thisisan550%increase.Theincreaseoftrafficaccidentsisnotonlyathreattopeople’slife,butalsoshowsthetrafficsystemprobleminAcity.Itisurgentfortheauthoritiestobringitundercontrol.WorldProductionofCertainMetalsiron190Milliontonsaluminum30Milliontonscopper4.4Milliontonszinc3Milliontonslead2.5Milliontonstin0.3Milliontonsmercury0.09Milliontonsinfact……inthesecondplace…Nexttoagroupof…Thisgroupwasledby……followedby…Finally…Ascanbeseenfromtheabovetable,theworldproductionofironwasmuchhigherthanthatofanyothermetal.Infact,ironproductionwassixtimesasgreatasitsmaincompetitor,aluminum.Moreover,thelatterwaseasilyfoundtobeinthesecondplace,withaproductionofapproximately30milliontons.Nextcameagroupofothercommonlyusedmetalswithaworldproductionfrom2.5to4.4milliontons.Thisgroupwasledbycopper,followedbyzincandlead.Finally,thereweretwomoremetalslisted,theproductionofwhichwasconsiderablelowerthanamilliontons;theyweretinandmercury.ScientificJournalsPublishedinSunshineCityDateNo.ofKindsofJournals19755198010198520199040199560ScientificJournalsPublishedinSunshineCityTheabovetableshowsthegrowthofscientificjournalspublishedinSunshineCityduringtheperiod1975and1995.Thefigureslistedintheleftcolumnrefertothedatesandthefigureslistedintherightcolumnrepresentthenumberofdifferentkindsofscientificjournalspublishedduringeach